مطالعه شیوع فصلی و جغرافیایی توکسوپلاسما گوندی در شیر نشخوارکنندگان به‌روش nested-PCR
محورهای موضوعی :
علوم و صنایع غذایی
مهتاب علیپور عمروآبادی
1
,
ابراهیم رحیمی
2
,
امیر شاکریان
3
1 - دانش آموخته دکترای تخصصی بهداشت مواد غذایی، گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، واحد شهرکر د، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران
2 - استاد گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران
3 - استاد مرکز تحقیقات تغذیه و محصولات ارگانیک، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1397/11/01
تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/04/02
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/01/01
کلید واژه:
شیر خام,
Nested-PCR,
توکسوپلاسما گوندی,
شیوع فصلی,
چکیده مقاله :
توکسوپلاسموزیس یکی از خطرناک ترین بیماری های تک‌یاخته‌ای مشترک بین انسان و دام است که انسان از طرق مختلف به آن آلوده می‌شود. تماس با حیوان آلوده، مصرف مواد غذایی آلوده و انتقال از مادر به جنین از مهم ترین راه های انتقال می‌باشد.مطالعه حاضر اولین گزارش شیوع توکسوپلاسما گوندی در شیر خام گاومیش و شتر در برخی از مناطق ایران می باشد. به این منظور تعداد 440 نمونه شیر خام 5 گونه دام طی چهار فصل سال از استان های اصفهان، چهارمحال و بختیاری، خوزستان و فارس جمع‌آوری و از نظر حضور توکسوپلاسما گوندی به‌روش واکنش nested-PCR مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که 26 نمونه (9/5 درصد) آلوده به توکسوپلاسماگوندی بود. بالاترین میزان آلودگی در شیر گوسفند (8 درصد) و پایین ترین آن در شیر گاومیش (28/4 درصد) مشاهده شد. ازنظر شیوع فصلی میزان آلودگی در فصل زمستان (43/11 درصد)، در پاییز (8/6 درصد) و در بهار (03/5 درصد) بود، در حالی‌که هیچ‌یک از نمونه های اخذ شده در تابستان به این انگل آلوده نبود. آلودگی شیر خام و فرآورده های لبنی سنتی به توکسوپلاسما گوندی می تواند به شکل مستقیم از حیوانات آلوده و یا درنتیجه عدم رعایت اصول بهداشتی در طول فرایند شیردوشی، حمل‌ونقل، نگهداری و آلودگی متقاطع باشد. لذا سالم‌سازی مناسب شیر قبل از مصرف پیشنهاد می گردد.TRANSLATE with xEnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian// TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW BackEMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//TRANSLATE with xEnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian// TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW BackEMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//
چکیده انگلیسی:
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most dangerous common protozoan diseases between humans and animals that infect humans in various ways. Contact with the infected animal, consuming contaminated food, and transmitting from mother to fetus is the most important means of transmission. Based on the recorded data, this study is the first report of Toxoplasma gondii in buffalo and camel milk in some parts of Iran. For this purpose, 440 raw milk samples of 5 species of animals were collected from Isfahan, Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari, Khuzestan, and Fars provinces during four seasons and studied for the presence of Toxoplasma gondii by nested-PCR. The results showed that 26 (5.9%) of the samples were infected with Toxoplasma gondii. The highest infection was observed in sheep milk (8%) and the lowest in buffalo milk (4.28%). The seasonal prevalence of infection was in winter (11.43%), autumn (6.8%), and spring (5.03%), while none of the samples obtained in summer the parasite was not infected. Contamination of raw milk and traditional dairy products with Toxoplasma gondii can either occur directly from infected animals or as a result of non-compliance with the principles of hygiene during the process of milking, transportation, storage, and cross-contamination. Therefore, proper pre-consumption of milk is recommended. TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Back //TRANSLATE with xEnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW BackEMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//
منابع و مأخذ:
· Alvarado-Esquivel, C., Liesenfeld, O., Torres-Castorena, A., Estrada-Martinez, S., Urbina-Alvarez J.D. and Ramos-de la Rocha, M. (2010). Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with vision and hearing impairments, cancer, HIV, or undergoing hemodialysis in Durango, Mexico. Journal of Parasitology, 96(3): 505–508.
· Bártová, E., Sedlák, K. and Budíková, M.A. (2015). Study of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibody seroprevalence in healthy cattle in the Czech Republic. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 22(1): 32–34.
· Bayani, M., Mostafazadeh, A., Oliaee, F. and Kalantari, N. (2013). The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in hemodialysis patient. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 15(10): 1-2.
· Bezerra, M.J., Kim, P.C., Moraes, É.P., Sá, S.G., Albuquerque, P.P. and Silva, J.G. (2015). Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in the milk of naturally infected goats in the Northeast of Brazil. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 62(4): 421-424.
· Camossi, L.G., Greca-Júnior, H., Corrêa, A.P., Richini-Pereira, V.B., Silva, R.C. and Da Silva, A.V. (2011). Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in the milk of naturally infected ewes. Veterinary Parasitology, 177(3-4): 256-261.
· Dehkordi, F.S., Rahimi, E. and Abdizadeh, R. (2013). Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in raw caprine, ovine, buffalo, bovine and camel milk using cell cultivation, cat bioassay, capture ELISA and PCR methods in Iran. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 10(3): 120-125.
· De Santana Rocha, D., de Sousa Moura, R.L., Maciel, B.M., Guimarães, L.A., O'dwyer, H.N. and Munhoz, A.D. (2015). Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in naturally infected sheep's milk.Genetics and Molecular Research, 14(3): 8658-8662.
· Diakou, A., Papadopoulos, E., Panousis, N. and Giadinis, N. (2013). Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum seroprevalence in dairy sheep and goats mixed stock farming. Veterinary Parasitology, 198(3-4): 387-390.
· Dubey, J.P. (2010). Toxoplasmosis of animals and human. 2nd Edition, Taylor and Francis group press, London. pp. 58-173.
· Farmly, S.F. and Goebel, F.D. (1992). Remington JS. Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in serebrospinal fluid from AIDS patients by polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 30(11): 3000-3002.
· Hamidinejat, H., Ghorbanpour, M., Rasooli, A., Nouri, M., Hekmatimoghaddam, S. and Namavari, S. (2013). Occurrence of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies in camels (camelus dromedaries) in center of Iran. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Science, 37(3): 277-281.
· Iovu, A., Györke, A., Mircean, V., Gavrea, R. and Cozma, V. (2012). Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in dairy goats from Romania. Veterinary Parasitology, 186(3-4): 470–474.
· Jittapalapong, S., Pinyopanuwat, N., Chimnoi, W., Kengradomkij, C., Arunvipas, P. and Sarataphan, N. (2008). Seroprevalence of Brucella abortus, Neospora caninum, and Toxoplasma gondii Infections of Dairy Cows in the South of Thailand. Proceedings, The 15th Congress of FAVA. FAVA - OIE Joint Symposium on Emerging Diseases, 42: 61-66.
· Jones, C.D., Okhravi, N., Adamson, P., Tasker, S. and Lightman, S. (2000). Comparison of PCR detection methods for B1, P30, and 18S rDNA genes of T. gondii in aqueous humor. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 41(3): 634-44.
· Jones, J.L., Dargelas, V., Roberts, J., Press, C., Remington, J.S. and Montoya, J.G. (2009). Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in the United States. Clinical Infectious Diseases,49(6): 878–884.
· Khamesipour, F., Doosti, A., Iranpour Mobarakeh, H. and Komba, E.V.G. (2014). Toxoplasma gondii in Cattle, Camels and Sheep in Isfahan and Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary Provinces, Iran. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology, 7(6): e17460.
· Mostafavi, N. and Jalali Monfared, L. (2012). Toxoplasmosis epidemiology in Iran: a systematic review. Journal of Isfahan Medical School, 176(30): 29-43.
· Moura, F.L., Amendoeira, M.R., Bastos, O.M., Mattos, D.P., Fonseca, A.B. and Nicolau, J.L. (2013). Prevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant and postpartum women attended at public healthcare facilities in the City of Niteroi, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 46(2): 200–207.
· Ogawa, L., Freire, R.L., Vidotto, O., Gondim, L.F.P. and Navarro, I.T. (2005). Occurrence of antibodies to Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in dairy cattle from the northern region of the Paraná State, Brazil. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 57(3): 312-316.
· Razmi, G. and Barati, M. (2017). Prevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in bulk milk of dairy cattle, Mashhad, Iran. Archives of Razi Institute, 72(4): 265-269.
· Sacks, J.J., Roberto, R.R. and Brooks, N.F. (1982). Toxoplasmosis infection associated with raw goat's milk. Journal of the American Medical Association, 248(14): 1728–1732.
· Sadrebazaz, A., Haddadzadeh, H. and Shayan P. (2006). Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Mashhad, Iran. Parasitology Research, 98(6):600-601.
· Sazmand, A., Tavassoli, M., Esmaeilnejad, B., Asadollahi, Z., Kazemnia, A. and Hekmati moghaddam, H. (1393). PCR assays for detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Iranian camels (Camelus dromedarius) of Yazd province. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 8(29): 383-430. [In Persian]
· Silva, J.G., Alvas, B.H.L.S., Melo, R.P.B., Kim, P.C., Nato, O.L.S. and Bezerra, M.J.G. (2015). Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and parasite DNA in raw milk of sheep and goats of local breeds reared in Northeastern Brazil. Acta Tropica, 142: 145-148.
· Tavassoli, M., Esmaeilnejad, B., Malekifard, F., Soleimanade, A. and Dilmaghani, M. (2013). Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in sheep and goat milk in northwest of Iran by PCR-RFLP. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiol, 6(10): 1-4.
· Tenter, AM. (2009). Toxoplasma gondii in animals used for human consumption. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,104(2): 364-369.
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· Alvarado-Esquivel, C., Liesenfeld, O., Torres-Castorena, A., Estrada-Martinez, S., Urbina-Alvarez J.D. and Ramos-de la Rocha, M. (2010). Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with vision and hearing impairments, cancer, HIV, or undergoing hemodialysis in Durango, Mexico. Journal of Parasitology, 96(3): 505–508.
· Bártová, E., Sedlák, K. and Budíková, M.A. (2015). Study of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibody seroprevalence in healthy cattle in the Czech Republic. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 22(1): 32–34.
· Bayani, M., Mostafazadeh, A., Oliaee, F. and Kalantari, N. (2013). The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in hemodialysis patient. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 15(10): 1-2.
· Bezerra, M.J., Kim, P.C., Moraes, É.P., Sá, S.G., Albuquerque, P.P. and Silva, J.G. (2015). Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in the milk of naturally infected goats in the Northeast of Brazil. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 62(4): 421-424.
· Camossi, L.G., Greca-Júnior, H., Corrêa, A.P., Richini-Pereira, V.B., Silva, R.C. and Da Silva, A.V. (2011). Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in the milk of naturally infected ewes. Veterinary Parasitology, 177(3-4): 256-261.
· Dehkordi, F.S., Rahimi, E. and Abdizadeh, R. (2013). Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in raw caprine, ovine, buffalo, bovine and camel milk using cell cultivation, cat bioassay, capture ELISA and PCR methods in Iran. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 10(3): 120-125.
· De Santana Rocha, D., de Sousa Moura, R.L., Maciel, B.M., Guimarães, L.A., O'dwyer, H.N. and Munhoz, A.D. (2015). Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in naturally infected sheep's milk.Genetics and Molecular Research, 14(3): 8658-8662.
· Diakou, A., Papadopoulos, E., Panousis, N. and Giadinis, N. (2013). Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum seroprevalence in dairy sheep and goats mixed stock farming. Veterinary Parasitology, 198(3-4): 387-390.
· Dubey, J.P. (2010). Toxoplasmosis of animals and human. 2nd Edition, Taylor and Francis group press, London. pp. 58-173.
· Farmly, S.F. and Goebel, F.D. (1992). Remington JS. Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in serebrospinal fluid from AIDS patients by polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 30(11): 3000-3002.
· Hamidinejat, H., Ghorbanpour, M., Rasooli, A., Nouri, M., Hekmatimoghaddam, S. and Namavari, S. (2013). Occurrence of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies in camels (camelus dromedaries) in center of Iran. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Science, 37(3): 277-281.
· Iovu, A., Györke, A., Mircean, V., Gavrea, R. and Cozma, V. (2012). Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in dairy goats from Romania. Veterinary Parasitology, 186(3-4): 470–474.
· Jittapalapong, S., Pinyopanuwat, N., Chimnoi, W., Kengradomkij, C., Arunvipas, P. and Sarataphan, N. (2008). Seroprevalence of Brucella abortus, Neospora caninum, and Toxoplasma gondii Infections of Dairy Cows in the South of Thailand. Proceedings, The 15th Congress of FAVA. FAVA - OIE Joint Symposium on Emerging Diseases, 42: 61-66.
· Jones, C.D., Okhravi, N., Adamson, P., Tasker, S. and Lightman, S. (2000). Comparison of PCR detection methods for B1, P30, and 18S rDNA genes of T. gondii in aqueous humor. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 41(3): 634-44.
· Jones, J.L., Dargelas, V., Roberts, J., Press, C., Remington, J.S. and Montoya, J.G. (2009). Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in the United States. Clinical Infectious Diseases,49(6): 878–884.
· Khamesipour, F., Doosti, A., Iranpour Mobarakeh, H. and Komba, E.V.G. (2014). Toxoplasma gondii in Cattle, Camels and Sheep in Isfahan and Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary Provinces, Iran. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology, 7(6): e17460.
· Mostafavi, N. and Jalali Monfared, L. (2012). Toxoplasmosis epidemiology in Iran: a systematic review. Journal of Isfahan Medical School, 176(30): 29-43.
· Moura, F.L., Amendoeira, M.R., Bastos, O.M., Mattos, D.P., Fonseca, A.B. and Nicolau, J.L. (2013). Prevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant and postpartum women attended at public healthcare facilities in the City of Niteroi, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 46(2): 200–207.
· Ogawa, L., Freire, R.L., Vidotto, O., Gondim, L.F.P. and Navarro, I.T. (2005). Occurrence of antibodies to Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in dairy cattle from the northern region of the Paraná State, Brazil. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 57(3): 312-316.
· Razmi, G. and Barati, M. (2017). Prevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in bulk milk of dairy cattle, Mashhad, Iran. Archives of Razi Institute, 72(4): 265-269.
· Sacks, J.J., Roberto, R.R. and Brooks, N.F. (1982). Toxoplasmosis infection associated with raw goat's milk. Journal of the American Medical Association, 248(14): 1728–1732.
· Sadrebazaz, A., Haddadzadeh, H. and Shayan P. (2006). Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Mashhad, Iran. Parasitology Research, 98(6):600-601.
· Sazmand, A., Tavassoli, M., Esmaeilnejad, B., Asadollahi, Z., Kazemnia, A. and Hekmati moghaddam, H. (1393). PCR assays for detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Iranian camels (Camelus dromedarius) of Yazd province. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 8(29): 383-430. [In Persian]
· Silva, J.G., Alvas, B.H.L.S., Melo, R.P.B., Kim, P.C., Nato, O.L.S. and Bezerra, M.J.G. (2015). Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and parasite DNA in raw milk of sheep and goats of local breeds reared in Northeastern Brazil. Acta Tropica, 142: 145-148.
· Tavassoli, M., Esmaeilnejad, B., Malekifard, F., Soleimanade, A. and Dilmaghani, M. (2013). Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in sheep and goat milk in northwest of Iran by PCR-RFLP. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiol, 6(10): 1-4.
· Tenter, AM. (2009). Toxoplasma gondii in animals used for human consumption. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,104(2): 364-369.
