تأثیر مهارتهای فنآوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات بر میزان کارآفرینی، خودکارآمدی و عملکرد تحصیلی دانشجویان
محورهای موضوعی :
آموزش عالی
حمید رحیمی
1
,
عباس شکاری
2
,
بنت الهدی حسینیان
3
1 - استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران
3 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد برنامهریزی درسی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1394/01/27
تاریخ پذیرش : 1394/12/27
تاریخ انتشار : 1394/11/12
کلید واژه:
کارآفرینی,
دانشجویان,
خودکارآمدی,
مهارت فنآوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات,
عملکرد تحصیلی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف تحقیق حاضر، بررسی تأثیر مهارتهای فنآوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات بر میزان کارآفرینی، خودکارآمدی و عملکرد تحصیلی دانشجویان بود. نوع پژوهش، از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر اجرا، توصیفی همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش، شامل کلیه دانشجویان دانشگاه کاشان و علوم پزشکی کاشان در سال تحصیلی 94-1393 به تعداد 9353 بود. با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، حجم نمونه 239 نفر تعیین شد که به روش نمونهگیری طبقهای متناسب با حجم جامعه انتخاب شدند. جهت گردآوری دادهها از چهار پرسشنامه مهارتهای فاوا در قالب 25 سؤال بسته پاسخ، کارآفرینی در قالب 20 سؤال و خودکارآمدی تحصیلی با 20 سؤال بسته پاسخ و عملکرد تحصیلی (معدل) استفاده شد. جهت سنجش روایی پرسشنامه، از روایی محتوایی و روایی سازه (تحلیل عاملی تأییدی) استفاده گردید. از طریق ضریب آلفای کرونباخ، پایایی پرسشنامههای مهارتهای فاوا 0/84، کارآفرینی 0/79 و خودکارآمدی 0/81 برآورد گردید. تحلیل دادهها در سطح استنباطی با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، تیتک نمونهای، رگرسیون و مدل معادلات ساختاری و با استفاده از نرمافزار SPSS و Amos انجام شد. یافتهها نشان داد که میانگین هر یک از مؤلفههای مهارتهای فاوا از میانگین فرضی بیشتر و میانگین هر یک از قابلیتهای کارآفرینی و خودکارآمدی دانشجویان از میانگین فرضی کمتر بود. بین هر یک از مهارتهای فاوا در بعد آموزشی و پژوهشی با کارآفرینی و خودکارآمدی دانشجویان، رابطه مثبت و معنادار به دست آمد. همچنین، بین مهارتهای فاوا در بعد آموزشی با عملکرد تحصیلی دانشجویان، رابطه مثبت و معنادار مشاهده شد. اما، این ارتباط بین مهارت فاوا در بعد پژوهشی با عملکرد تحصیلی دانشجویان، منفی و معنادار بود.
منابع و مأخذ:
Afzal Nia, M. R. (2008). Design and familiar with learning centers and materials. Tehran: SAMT. (in Persian).
Ahmad Pur Daryani, M. (2001). Entrepreneurship. Tehran: Papadis. (in Persian).
Akbari, M. (2003). The effect of educational technology on academic achievement in students. M.A. Dissertation, Iran, University of Tehran. (in Persian).
Akhavan Sarraf, A. (2008). ICT and women entrepreneurship. Work and Society, 96, 48-55. (in Persian).
Alam Beigi, A. (2009). The effect of ICT skills on organizational entrepreneurship in agriculture organization. Entrepreneurship Development, 2(5), 100-114. (in Persian).
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman.
Bandura, A. (2001). Guide for constructing self- efficacy scales. Stanford, CA, USA: Stanford University.
Capper, J. (2001). E-learning growth and promise for the developing world. Tech Know Logia, 2(2), 7-10. Retrieved from http://www.techknowlogia.org
Carlson, S., & Gadio, C. T. (2002). Teacher professional development, technologies for education: Potentials, parameters, and prospects. Washington DC: Academy for Educational Development. Paris: UNESCO.
Chang, Y. (2003). College student perceptions of adopting web based instruction. In Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2003. (pp. 2072-2073). Norfolk, VA: AACE 6.
Crockett, D. R. (2005). The venture management team in corporate entrepreneurship, the role of corporate support and control. Ph.D. Dissertation Abstract, the University of Texas at Arlington.
Daeizadeh, H., Fallah, V., Housainzadeh, B., & Housainpour, H. A. (2010). The effect of information and communication technology on the skills of the third grade of high-school students. The Sociology of the Youth Studies, 3(9), 75-92.
Goudarzi, F. (2006). The effect ICT training in job skills in teachers. M.A. Thesis, University of Tehran, Iran. (in Persian).
Haji Agha Bozorgi, M. (2006). The effect of ICT training on job skills in staff of Oil Company. M.A. Dissertation, Iran, University of Beheshti. (in Persian).
Hajizad, M., Salehi, M., & Ghaykhlo, M. (2011). The impact of ICT on entrepreneurship skills of educators in mazandaran vocational and training centers. Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences, 2(2), 5-18. (in Persian).
Hammond, K. (2005). Learning styles, self-efficacy, and training delivery: Investigating factors that enhance learning. M.A. Dissertation, California State University.
Hisrich, R., & Peters, P. (2002). Entrepreneurship. Tata MC Graw- Hill Publishing Company Limited.
Karimi, M. (2005). The effect ICT on motivation, creativity and entrepreneurship in teenagers'. M.A. Dissertation, University of Tehran, Iran. (in Persian).
Karimzadeh, M. (2006). The study of relationship between academic self-efficacy with academic achievement in girl students. Women Studies, 4(2), 29-45. (in Persian).
Khosravani, M. (2007). Familiar and application of personal computers in preschool and its role in academic achievement. M.A. Dissertation, University of Beheshti, Iran. (in Persian).
Kurt, T., Duyar, I., & Calik, T. (2011). Are we legitimate yet? A closer look at the casual relationship mechanisms among principal leadership, teacher self efficacy and collective efficacy. Management Development, 31(1), 71-86.
Lachenmaier, S. (2007). Effects of innovation on employment: A dynamic panel analysis. IFO Institute Economic Research at the University of Munchen, Germany, 3.
Linenbrink, E. A., & Pintrich, P. R. (2002). Motivation as enabler of academic success. School Psychology Review, 31(3), 313-327.
Marsili, O. (2002). Technological regimes and sources of entrepreneurship. Small Business Economic, 19(3), 31-217.
Mazid Abadi Farahani, A. H. (2004). The effect using information technology on job empowerment. M.A. Dissertation, University of Tehran, Iran. (in Persian).
Miles, D. G. (2004). An investigation of learning style preferences and academic self-efficacy in first- year college students. Dissertation, Clemson University.
Mohammadi, R. (2007). The effectiveness of ICT training courses on performance staffs in education organization. M.A. Dissertation, University of Tehran, Iran. (in Persian).
Morgan, V., & Jinks, J. (1999). Children's perceived academic self-efficacy: An inventory scale. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas,72(4), 224-230.
Nave Ebrahim, A. (2008). The study of entrepreneurship indicators among students. Educational Leadership & Management, 2(2), 133-146. (in Persian).
Picciano, A. G. (2008). Distance learning: Making connections across virtual space and time. Columbus, OH: Merrill Prentice- Hall.
Pour Hasan Harzandi, A. (2006). The effect using information technology on productivity in Power Company. M.A. Dissertation, University of Sistan & Baluchestan, Iran. (in Persian).
Pur Jafardust, K. (2007). Standardization of self- efficacy test in students 14-18 years old. M.A. Dissertation, University of Tehran, Iran. (in Persian).
Reis Saadi, H. (2007). The study of relationship between academic self-conception, need for achievement and academic achievement in students. M.A. Dissertation, Iran, University of Tehran. (in Persian).
Sadeghi, M., & Noori, Z. (2006). World trade electronics & information technology. Iran, Mashhad: Word Wide. (in Persian).
Salehi, M., Gholtash, A., & Azadmehr, A. (2010). Effect of information and communication technology on effectiveness and creativity of high school teachers of Fasa. Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences, 1(2), 49-62. (in Persian).
Seeling, T. (2003). High technology entrepreneurship education. STVP and REE, Sao Paulo: Stanford Technology Ventures Program.
Seif, A. (2008). Educational psychology. Tehran: Time. (in Persian).
Shah Hosseini, A. (2004). Entrepreneurship. Tehran: Aeej. (in Persian).
Sherer, S. (2003). Complementary investment in change management and IT investment pay off. Information Systems Frontiers Journal, 5(3), 321-333.
Taghizadeh, E. (2006). The effect information technology system on organization effectiveness. M.A. Dissertation, University of Beheshti. (in Persian).
Tatikonda, M. V., & Stock, G. N. (2003). Product technology transfer in the upstream supply chain. Product Innovation Management, 20, 44-67.
Ucdogruk, Y. (2006). Employment impact of product and process innovations in Turkey. University of Istanbul, Turkey.
UNESCO. (2005). ICT in teacher education: Case studies from the Asia-pacific region.Published by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Retrieved from www.tafevc.com.au/ict/htmlresoarces. htm#ict
Williams M. D., & Williams. J. (2007). A change management approaches to evaluating ICT investment initiatives. Retrieved July 11, 2006, from www. emeraldinsight.com/1341-1398.htm
Yixin Zhang, ED. D. (2004). University student's usage and perception of the internet. Educational Technology Systems, 32(2-3), 227- 239.
Zajacova, A., & Lynch, S. M. (2005). Self- efficacy, stress and academic success in college. Journal of Research in Higher Education, 46(6), 677-706.
Zare Zadeh, K. (2006). The comparative of self efficacy and creativity in internet user's students and non- users. Education, 89, 50-65. (in Persian).
Zoghi Pour, A., & Ghaffari, S. (2005). Multimedia schools step toward smart schools. Conference Proceedings ICT in Education, Iran: Yazd. (in Persian).