به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر 6-بنزیل‌آمینوپورین (6-BAP) و متیل جاسمونات (MJ) بر ویژگی‌های مختلف کمی و کیفی توت‌فرنگی رقم آلبیون، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه‌ای واقع در شهرستان دماوند اجرا شد. فاکتور اول، 6-BAP در دو سطح (شاهد و 100 میلی‌گرم‌در لیتر) و فاکتور دوم،MJ در سه سطح (شاهد، 100 و 200 میکرومولار) بود. بوته‌ها در مرحله رشد رویشی دو بار با 6-BAP و در مرحلة زایشی سه نوبت با MJ محلولپاشی شدند. بر اساس نتایج، کاربرد 6-BAP در مرحلة رویشی، باعث تولید بوته‌هایی با تعداد برگ بیشتر و بزرگتر و طوقه‌هایی قطورتر شد. بالاترین تعداد و وزن میوه، شاخص سبزینگی برگ، شاخص طعم، آنتوسیانین کل و طول عمر میوه، مربوط به تیمار 100 میلی‌گرم‌در لیتر 6-BAP در شرایط استفاده از 200 میکرومولار MJ بود. کاربرد سیتوکینین توأم با هر یک از غلظتهای MJ، باعث بهبود معنی‌دار عملکرد بوته و سفتی بافت میوه نسبت به شاهد شد. بنابراین، می‌توان بهره‌گیری پیش‌از‌برداشت از این تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی را برای افزایش میزان تولید، بهبود کیفیت میوه‌ها و افزایش عمر پس‌از‌برداشت این محصول آسیب‌پذیر پیشنهاد نمود. تفاصيل المقالة

The main object of this study is to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators on the prolongation of vase life of two kinds of cut carnation under normal and ethylene. Carnation is one of the most popular flowers that has a short life due to its sensitivity to ethylene. Also, the effect of plant growth regulators on several physiological traits under ethylene stress and normal conditions was studied. The effects of short-term treatment with benzyl adenine, salicylic acid, and methyl jasmonate on two types of cut carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L.), one-headed standard cut carnation and multi- flower mini cut carnation, under exposure of ethylene condition were investigated. Benzyl adenine 100 µM short-term treatment had the most effect on total chlorophyll content. Salicylic acid 100 µM treatment enhanced the soluble carbohydrates, and also prolonged the cut carnation vase life. Methyl jasmonate 400 µM treating elevated the catalase and peroxidase enzymes activity and increased the proline content in cut carnations. All considered traits were reduced by exogenous ethylene. None of short-term treatments could repel the inappropriate exogenous ethylene effects. One-headed standard carnations were also tolerant of ethylene more than multi- flower mini carnations. تفاصيل المقالة

Plants are inevitably influenced by environmental stresses due to their immobility. Sound waves are one of these environmental factors affecting plants. The present study was designed to explore the less-known relationship between sound waves and plant responses. For this purpose, Salvia splendens, a common plant in urban green spaces, was exposed to sound waves at a frequency of 1000 Hz and at intensities of 90, 100 or 110 dB, as well as a control, for one hour a day for one month. Seedlings were obtained from the seeds of Salvia, were cultivated in an MS medium under in-vitro conditions and were sub-cultured every 20 days. The treatments were started 15 days after planting the seeds. The results of growth and antioxidant enzyme activities showed that the increase in the intensity of the sound waves at 1000 Hz frequency increased plant growth. Maximum root and shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight were observed at 110 dB. The sound waves also increased protein content and catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes activity. Malondialdehyde content was increased with an increase in intensity. Overall, Salvia splendens responded to the sound wave stress by improving growth, physiological and biochemical parameters. تفاصيل المقالة

In this study, the effects of coatings made of chitosan (Chi) incorporating thyme essential oil (TEO) on lipid oxidation and changing color indexes of walnut kernels were investigated. Chi: pure, in accompany with TEO at concentrations of 500 and 1000 microliter per liter, in an aqueous coating solution, with different packaging methods: Gunny sack, polypropylene and active packaging, compared with control walnut, were used and stored at 4ºC and 25ºC. The study was performed as factorial experiment based on a complete randomized design. The results showed that amounts of color indexes in treated samples decreased. The samples stored at 4°C contained minimum moisture fluctuations in all packaging methods. The peroxide values and conjugated diene values at 4°C were lower than those at 25°C. Treatments did not have positive effect on free fatty acids of walnut kernels. During the storage, shelf life of walnut kernels prolonged with active packaging and chitosan coating at 4ºC. تفاصيل المقالة

The influence of storing almond kernel genotypes derived from reciprocal crosses of ‘Mamaei’ and ‘Marcona’ cultivars (referred to as ‘G1’, ‘G2’, ‘G3’, ‘G4’, ‘G5’ and ‘G6’) on diverse quality parameters, encompassing moisture, ash, protein, oil, carbohydrates, fiber, and total vitamin E was investigated. The kernels were stored for 0, 6, and 12 months at room temperature. The results showed that the highest fresh kernel weight was observed in the ‘Marcona’ parent and two progenies, ‘G5’ and ‘G3’, at harvest time. The highest amounts of soluble carbohydrates were found in the ‘G4’ genotype, while the highest amounts of insoluble carbohydrates were observed in the ‘Mamaei’ parent and ‘G5’ genotype. The highest protein content was found in the ‘Mamaei’ parent and ‘G4’ genotype, while the maximum oil content was observed in the ‘G5’ genotype. The ‘G6’ genotype had the highest amount of total vitamin E. All studied traits showed a decreasing trend during the storage period, with the lowest amounts observed in all selected offspring after one year of storage. The results highlighted variations in traits such as fresh kernel weight, soluble and insoluble carbohydrates, protein, oil, and total vitamin E among different genotypes. Moreover, all traits exhibited a decline in values during storage, emphasizing the importance of selecting high-quality genotypes like ‘G5’ for almond breeding programs. تفاصيل المقالة