شناسایی عوامل کلیدی تابآوری کالبدی سکونتگاه غیررسمی در برابر زلزله (مطالعه موردی: محله شهید معقول شهر مشهد)
الموضوعات : Social issues and studies of sustainable development components
مهدی طالب علم
1
,
سید مسلم سید الحسینی
2
,
عمیدالاسلام ثقه الاسلامی
3
,
مریم دانشور
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد مشهد، ایران
2 - استاد، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد، ایران
3 - دانشیار، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد، ایران
4 - استادیار، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: تابآوری, تابآوری کالبدی, زلزله, سکونتگاه غیررسمی, محله شهید معقول,
ملخص المقالة :
مقدمه: سکونتگاههای غیررسمی بهعنوان یکی از آسیبپذیرترین بافتهای شهری در برابر مخاطرات طبیعی نظیر زلزله، نیازمند توجه ویژه و راهکارهای علمی دقیق برای ارتقای تابآوری کالبدی هستند. این بافتها به دلیل ضعف در کیفیت ساختوساز، فقدان زیرساختهای مناسب و نبود برنامهریزی شهری اصولی، در معرض خطرات جدی قرار دارند. عدم وجود الگوی جامع و ساختاریافته برای سنجش و بهبود تابآوری کالبدی این بافتها، ضرورت انجام پژوهشهای هدفمند در این حوزه را دوچندان کرده است.
مواد و روشها: روش تحقیق بر پایه رویکرد کمی و استفاده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی برای شناسایی ابعاد و مؤلفههای تابآوری کالبدی استوار است. همچنین از فن دیمتل جهت تعیین میزان اثرگذاری و اثرپذیری متغیرها و شناسایی عوامل کلیدی و محوری در ارتقای تابآوری استفادهشده است.
یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که تابآوری کالبدی در چهار بُعد اصلی شامل تابآوری ساختاری-زیرساختی، محیطی-جغرافیایی، مدیریتی-خدماتی و نهادی-اجتماعی قابل تبیین است. بُعد ساختاری-زیرساختی با عواملی نظیر دسترسی به تجهیزات ایمنی محلی، مدیریت پسماند و زهکشی شهری و مقاومت سازهای ساختمانها بالاترین اولویت را در تقویت تابآوری داشته است. تحلیل دی متل نیز نشان داد که این بُعد بیشترین تأثیرگذاری را بر سایر ابعاد دارد.
نتیجهگیری: بهبود تابآوری کالبدی سکونتگاههای غیررسمی مستلزم اتخاذ رویکرد یکپارچه در تقویت زیرساختها، ارتقای کیفیت ساختوساز و توسعه سامانههای مدیریت بحران است. مدل چهاربُعدی ارائهشده در این پژوهش برای نخستین بار ابعاد مختلف تابآوری را در قالب چارچوب یکپارچه و قابلسنجش تعریف کرده و میتواند بهعنوان ابزاری کاربردی در برنامهریزی و سیاستگذاری شهری مورداستفاده قرار گیرد.
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