تدوین الگوی بازآفرینی محلات شهری بر اساس درس‌آموخته‌های مداخلات بزرگ مقیاس (نمونه موردی: محله چوخورلار شهر تبریز)
محورهای موضوعی : برنامه ریزی شهری
مرتضی میرغلامی
1
(استاد دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز.)
حمید غفاری
2
(دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی اسلامی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز.)
کلید واژه: بازآفرینی, درس‌آموخته, تبریز, چوخورلار,
چکیده مقاله :
یکی از مهم‌ترین رویکردهای مطرح در چند دهه اخیر در زمینه حل مشکلات بافت‌های فرسوده و ناکارآمد شهری رویکرد بازآفرینی بوده است که سازمان‌های ذیربط با مدیریت شهری بهره‌گیری از آن را مدنظر قرار داده‌اند. یکی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌هایی که در استفاده از رویکرد بازآفرینی در بافت‌های مسئله‌دار شهرهای کشور وجود دارد عدم تدوین و پیاده‌سازی یک الگوی مناسب می‌باشد. در راستای حل این مسئله فراگیری از تجارب مداخلات بزرگ مقیاس بازآفرینی در شهرها و کشورهای مختلف جهان می‌تواند آموزه‌هایی را جهت تدوین یک الگوی مناسب بازآفرینی شهری گردهم آورد. بر همین اساس اصلی‌ترین هدف پژوهش حاضر تدوین الگوی بازآفرینی محله چوخورلار شهر تبریز بر اساس درس‌آموخته‌های مداخلات بزرگ مقیاس بازآفرینی شهری و در تلفیق با هنجارهای جامعه ایرانی– اسلامی می‌باشد. این محله از بافت‌های فرسوده شهر تبریز می‌باشد که مورد توجه مدیریت شهری به منظور بازآفرینی قرار گرفته است که این اقدام چالش‌ها و مشکلاتی را هم برای ساکنان محله و هم برای مدیریت شهری به وجود آورده است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف در حیطه پژوهش‌های کاربردی و از نظر روش تحقیق با توجه به موضوع و هدف، از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی می‌باشد. نحوه گردآوری اطلاعات نیز مبتنی بر مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای- اسنادی و برداشت‌های میدانی در قالب مشاهده و مصاحبه می‌باشد. در الگوی نهایی تدوین شده، شاخص‌های اثرگذار تبیین شده و عناصر و اجزای مرتبط با هر کدام و روابط حاصل از آن مشخص شده است. در نهایت می‌توان گفت این الگو و ساختار آن زمانی می‌تواند نقشی مؤثر در بازآفرینی شهری داشته باشد که با مشارکت واقعی و فعال همه‌ی ذی‌نفعان کلیدی اعم از ساکنان و نهادهای ذیربط همراه باشد.
One of the most important approaches proposed in the last few decades in the field of solving the problems of worn-out urban textures has been the regeneration approach, which organizations related to urban management have taken into consideration. One of the most important challenges in using the regeneration approach in the worn-out textures of the country's cities is the lack of development and implementation of a suitable model. In order to solve this problem, learning from the experiences of large-scale regeneration interventions in different cities and countries of the world can provide lessons for the development of a suitable model for urban regeneration. Based on this, the main goal of the current research is to develop a regeneration model for Chokhourlar neighborhood in Tabriz based on the lessons learned from large-scale urban regeneration interventions and in combination with the norms of Iranian-Islamic society. This neighborhood is one of the worn-out textures of Tabriz city, which has received the attention of the city management for the purpose of regeneration, which has created challenges and problems for both the residents of the neighborhood and the city management. In terms of purpose, this research is in the field of applied research, and in terms of research method, according to the subject and purpose, it is descriptive-analytical. The method of collecting information is also based on library-documentary studies and field studies in the form of observation and interview. In the final compiled model, the effective indicators are explained and the elements and components related to each and the resulting relationships are specified. Finally, it can be said that this model and its structure can play an effective role in urban regeneration when it is accompanied by the real and active participation of all key stakeholders, including residents and relevant institutions.Extended AbstractIntroduction: Urban regeneration is one of the most important approaches that has received the attention of urban management in the last few decades in order to solve the problems of worn-out textures of cities. One of the most important challenges in using the regeneration approach in the worn-out textures of the country's cities is the lack of development and implementation of a suitable model. In order to solve this problem, learning from the experiences of large-scale regeneration interventions in different cities and countries of the world can provide lessons for the development of a suitable model for urban regeneration. the main goal of the current research is to develop a regeneration model for Chokhourlar neighborhood in Tabriz based on the lessons learned from large-scale urban regeneration interventions and in combination with the norms of Iranian-Islamic society. This neighborhood is one of the worn-out textures of Tabriz city, which has received the attention of the city management for the purpose of regeneration, which has created challenges and problems for both the residents of the neighborhood and the city management. Based on this, in the current research, by studying large-scale regeneration interventions in different cities and countries of the world and extracting the lessons learned from them, we are seeking to develop a model for the regeneration of Chokhourlar neighborhood in Tabriz city, a model that has the best efficiency for both urban management and residents. The most important question of the research is that how and through what process can a suitable model be developed for the purpose of regeneration Chokhourlar neighborhood in Tabriz city?Methodology: In terms of purpose, this research is in the field of applied research, and in terms of research method, according to the subject and purpose, it is descriptive-analytical. The method of collecting information in this research is based on library-document studies and field studies; The library-document method has been used to formulate the theoretical foundations of the research, and in order to investigate and evaluate the area of the study, field studies have been used in the form of observation, interviews, and the opinions of experts related to the research topic. Also, based on studies of theoretical foundations, lessons learned from urban regeneration interventions, as well as the characteristics of the study area, the model of regeneration of Chokhourlar neighborhood of Tabriz city has been compiled.Results and discussion: The conducted field studies show that the lack of appropriate mechanisms to attract citizens' participation has caused dissatisfaction among the residents of the neighborhood. In the various interviews that were conducted with the residents of the neighborhood, the majority were dissatisfied with the method of acquisition and the expert prices set for their properties and did not consider it fair. Also, some residents of the neighborhood who have been living in this neighborhood for a long time and have a sense of belonging to their place of residence objected to this action of the municipality and expressed their grievances and discomfort. The expectations and problems raised by the residents of the neighborhood indicate the need to pay attention to their role in the process of implementing this plan. Solving these problems and achieving the desired goals of this project, as well as achieving the support of citizens for its implementation, requires having a suitable model of regeneration in different stages of planning and implementing the project, taking into account the interests of the main beneficiaries of the project, i.e. "the people and residents of the neighborhood". and "organizations and institutions" that can play a significant role in the success of the regeneration model compiled for Chokhourlar neighborhood. The proposed final model for the regeneration of Chokhorlar neighborhood in Tabriz city has been developed based on the lessons learned from large-scale urban regeneration interventions and after considering the local and institutional contexts of Iran. In the compiled model, the effective indicators are explained and the elements and components related to each and the resulting relationships are specified. Based on the developed model, the "institutional" and "participatory" components are the initial steps to start the regeneration, which are very important in the structure of this model. The next step is planning and design, which begins with a comprehensive study of the neighborhood and recognition of its capacities and limitations. The last step is the rapid implementation of the regeneration plan, which is one of the most important things that can be learned from the experiences of large-scale regeneration interventions in the studied cities and countries, In such a way that for the success of the developed model for Chokhourlar neighborhood, it is necessary to implement the defined plans and projects quickly.Conclusion: The final compiled model, while paying attention to the specific interests that the regeneration projects are looking for, can help to review the existing ideas and processes in the direction of the specified goals. This model also shows how the implementation of a collaborative process can lead to building trust and transparency of the plan and finally reaching the consensus of the key stakeholders of the regeneration plan. This model and its structure can be responsive and responsible for solving the problems and challenges of Chokhourlar neighborhood if it is accompanied by the real and active participation of all the key stakeholders of the regeneration plan, because none of these problems and challenges can be solved without the close cooperation of all stakeholders and especially without attracting The participation of the residents of that neighborhood will not be answered properly. Therefore, by implementing this model and the process defined in it, it is possible to use this regeneration model in the Chokhorlar neighborhood of Tabriz in a targeted manner and with a set of specific frameworks, in a way that achieves faster and better quality results by organizing resources and capacities.
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