نقش و کارکرد بازار روز در سازمان یابی فضایی شهرهای شمالی ایران با استفاده از تئوری چیدمان فضا (مطالعه موردی: بازار روز نوشیروانی بابل)
محورهای موضوعی : برنامه ریزی شهری
احمد علی زاده فرد
1
,
غلامرضا کاظمیان
2
1 - مدرس دانشگاه پیام نور استان مازندران
2 - دانشیار دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی تهران، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: سازمان یابی فضایی, شهر بابل, بازار روز, چیدمان فضا,
چکیده مقاله :
تمدن تابع عواملی چند است:زمین قابل ساخت، باران و عوامل و اوضاع اقتصادی.در واقع نخستین قدم در راه تمدن، کشاورزی است. وقتی فرهنگ عمومی به حد معینی برسد، فکر کشاورزی تولید می شود و تنها تمدن است که انسان را به فکر ایجاد مدنیت و شهر می اندازد. سازمان فضایی شهر خود شامل عناصر کانونی، خطی و پهنه ای می باشد که با چینش این عناصر بر روی زمین، نظم فضایی شهر ایجاد می شود. یکی از مهمترین عناصر سازمان فضایی شهرهای شمالی ایران، بازار روز می باشد که پژوهش حاضر سعی دارد یکی از وزین ترین عناصر سازمان فضایی در شهر بابل به نام بازار روز نوشیروانی را بررسی کرده و مفهوم بازار روز و تاثیرگذاری آن بر سازمان فضایی شهر با تئوری "چیدمان فضا" را بررسی کرده و همچنین راهکارهایی برای ارتقاء کیفیت عملکرد این بازار ارائه دهد. این تحقیق به صورت توصیفی-تحلیلی انجام شده است، گردآوری داده ها به شیوه اسنادی، مشاهده، پرسشنامه و مصاحبه و همچنین برداشت کالبدی صورت گرفته است و با نرم افزارهایAuto cad ،Arc GIS ، SPSS وDeapthmap مرتب سازی و تحلیل شده است. نتایج نشان می دهد که حوزه نفوذ این بازار، شهرستان بابل و حتی خارج استان می باشد، مهم ترین محل تعامل مردم روستاها با شهر می باشد و تاثیر بسزایی بر سازمان فضایی شهر داشته، مکان گزینی درستی شده، اما متناسب اهمیتی که در سازمان فضایی شهر دارد، عدم وجود معماری شایسته، مدیریت نادرست و نظارت ضعیف این بازار، از عملکرد و کارکرد این بازار کاسته است.
Civilization is subject to several factors: buildable land, rain and factors and economic conditions. In fact, the first step on the way to civilization is agriculture. When general culture reaches a certain level, the idea of agriculture is produced, and it is only civilization that makes people think. It creates civility and the city. The spatial organization of the city itself includes focal, linear and area elements, which by arranging these elements on the ground, the spatial order of the city is created. One of the most important elements of the spatial organization of the northern cities of Iran is the daily market, which the present study tries to One of the most important elements of the space organization in the city of Babylon, called the Noshirvani daily market, is examined and the concept of the daily market and its impact on the spatial organization of the city with the theory of "space arrangement" are examined and also solutions are provided to improve the performance quality of this market. . This research has been done in a descriptive-analytical way, data collection has been done through documentation, observation, questionnaire and interview, as well as physical sampling, and it has been sorted and analyzed with Auto cad, Arc GIS, SPSS and Depthmap software, and the results show It shows that the sphere of influence of this market is in Babol city and even outside the province, it is the most important place for the interaction of the people of the villages with the city and it has a significant impact on the spatial organization of the city. The lack of proper architecture, improper management and weak supervision of this market have reduced the performance of this market.Extended AbstractIntroductionCivilization depends on several factors: land that can be built, rain and factors and economic conditions. In fact, the first step on the way to civilization is agriculture. When general culture reaches a certain level, the thought of agriculture is produced, and it is the only civilization that makes man think of creation. Civilization and the city, in its general form, civilization can be considered as a social order, as a result of its existence, cultural creativity becomes possible and flows. In civilization, four pillars and basic elements can be identified, which are From: foresight, caution in economic affairs, political organization, moral traditions and efforts in the way of knowledge and development of art. The emergence of civilization is possible when chaos and insecurity have ended. Civilization begins in Barzegar hut, but in the city It blossoms and bears fruit, and it is civilization that creates nations. The city in its historical sense is the point where the maximum concentration of power and culture of a community is crystallized. The city is the place where the individual rays of life are concentrated with elements of credibility and social efficiency. The city is the form and sign of coherent social relations and the place of the temple, the market, the palace of justice and the academy. In the city, the goods of civilization are multiplied. There, human experiences are translated into lasting signs, symbols, behavior patterns and order devices. The result of all the plans that are prepared for a city, the organization It is a space where every user is placed in the best way, so that people can easily access all the users that arise in the city, and live comfortably, as human beings deserve. The spatial organization of the city itself includes elements that create the spatial order of the city by arranging these elements in the city area. But in recent decades, as a result of the scattered and disorganized development of cities, the model of the spatial organization of the city and its main structure have changed, causing the loss of a single structure in the whole city and the unreasonable and inappropriate concentration of facilities and services in specific parts of the city and development. Economic-social has become unequal in them. On the other hand, the increase in the size of cities has caused physical-spatial complications in cities, so that it is difficult and impossible to know the main structure and ossification of cities and its morphology based on the analysis of all the components of the city. Therefore, the analysis of the spatial structure of cities in connection with the knowledge of the distribution of facilities and services and its effect on the socio-economic development of different city contexts needs methods that can respond to these complexities. Among the theories and methods that study the structure and configuration of urban space is the theory of space arrangement. An important element that has preserved its originality and identity in the cities of Iran throughout the history of the city are the traditional Iranian markets, which are unique to each city. And the shape of these markets in the northern cities of Iran, such as Babil, are known as "daily market".MethodologySince this research investigates the problem using numbers, so its nature is quantitative, and since it examines the relationships between variables, it is a causal research, and the method of analysis is descriptive-analytical. The most important difference This research is similar to other researches in that it has investigated one of the most important and influential elements of the spatial organization of the northern cities of Iran in two static and dynamic ways. Buyers - opinion of sellers - the number of shops, etc. have been identified and dynamic means what connections and effects this collection has on other elements of the spatial organization of the city, which has been answered by the theory of space arrangement. In this research, GIS Arc and AutoCAD software were used to draw the map and add descriptive information to the maps, and SPSS software was used to analyze the questionnaires. In this software, the validity and reliability of the buyers' questionnaire were first measured. This software works by relying on the relationships between variables and scales, which are actually measurement tools. Scaling means combining a number of interrelated variables to measure a dimension. A dimension is an invisible characteristic or attribute that is measured by combining several alternative variables. Results and discussionWhat is the role and function of the daily market in the spatial organization of the city of Babylon?At the beginning of its formation, the day market, which was in the form of a car in an empty land and in the center of all the villages of Mamtir, was the place for the farmers of different villages to trade with each other, and its function in the spatial organization of the region was as the most important commercial center of the region. In fact, it was considered the heart of the region, which was formed in the city of Babylon around Imamzadeh Qasim. Over time, this place began to form a city around itself, like a "burg" in medieval cities, and over time, people who engaged in business settled around this market, and rural artisans were also added to them. And the sale was formed.Before the arrival of modernity in the cities of Iran, the market was still the heart of the city and in fact the spatial organization of the city was formed centered on the market, but after the advent of the automobile and the emergence of fast transportation and the paving of roads and the mechanization of agriculture, the migration of villagers to The city increases and the city expands around its important axes, and the spatial organization of the city changes from a single-centered state to a multi-centered one, and numerous commercial elements are created in different parts of the city, and the prestige of the market as the heart of the city decreases. The city will have several important passages and several important bazaars to provide services to the people. But what is important is that the city had and still has only one place called the daily market, and no modern elements were created for it until the Babol municipality thought of it. He has built a place called City Center on the south side of this bazaar to be able to transfer the daily bazaar to this place, but the shopkeepers of daily bazaar do not agree with this issue. Therefore, this bazaar is still an important element in the spatial organization of the city of Babol, which has functions economic, social, environmental and time is important and effective and can even be done with Expanding this market and valuing it with traditional architecture and furnishing and controlling the entry and exit of cars in it and organizing the vendors, made this market the most important commercial center of the city.ConclusionIn this article, an attempt was made to explain the spatial arrangement method along with its supporting theory, as well as the basic concepts and definitions used in it in a practical way to analyze one of the elements of the spatial structure of the city, and also to introduce the most important values used in the spatial arrangement method. and were described. In addition, the maps presented in this method and how to read them were also briefly discussed. The obtained maps for the city of Babylon were presented as an example so that the reader's mind is familiar with the applications of this method and how to use it. In this article, we tried to emphasize the importance of the theory supporting this method. The above-mentioned topics shed light on the fact that the method of space arrangement is not limited to the use of a software, and understanding the theories supporting this method play a fundamental role in reading the maps and the values obtained from them. This article highlighted the importance of the problem and research question in dealing with the method of space arrangement and its use and discussed the application of this method in both professional and academic societies. In addition, this article tried to briefly mention the various applications of this method in the study of the spatial structure of the city, the access of roads and a specific place such as the daily market. This article has emphasized the importance of using this method in the scientific analysis of the elements of the spatial structure of the city. In this article, the Noshirvani daily market complex of Babol has been examined in both static and dynamic ways, that is, both the body and the behavior, and most importantly, how an element Let's examine the spatial structure of the city from a scientific point of view in relation to other elements.In the end, the most important suggestions that can be made for the better performance of the daily market of Babol through this research are:1) If possible, castrate this market and prevent it from being fragmented (such as moving the vegetable market).2) Since many visitors come to this shopping center, if possible, this market should be renovated with traditional Iranian architecture.3) It is suggested that shopkeepers refrain from bringing private cars to this place so that customers can access the parking lot more easily.4) The management of this market should have a legal and official form so that it can create order.5) The use of park guards around this market creates jobs and creates order, and also increases the security of this market.6) It is possible to increase the function of this market by creating taxi stations to the destination of Rooz Bazaar and to the origin of the important centers of the city.
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