بررسی و تحلیل شاخص های شهرسازی موثر بر مسکن هوشمند در شهر شیراز

محورهای موضوعی : برنامه ریزی شهری

حمیدرضا رخشانی نسب ¹ (دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ،دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران)
مسعود چهارراهی ² (دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.)
مجتبی سلیمانی دامنه ³ (دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/11/25 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/04/01 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/04/01

کلید واژه: شهر شیراز, فناوری, مسکن هوشمند,

چکیده مقاله :

تأمین مسکن مناسب از نظر ایمنی، اسایش و کارایی انرژی به عنوان مهمترین خواسته‌های بشری مطرح بوده است که در این زمینه سیستم هوشمند ساختمان با بکارگیری از آخرین تکنولوژی‌ها، شرایطی ایده‌آل را در ساختمان‌ها پدید می‌آورد. در این راستا هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی جایگاه ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎی مؤثر بر مسکن ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ دﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ شیراز است. پژوهش حاضر از نظر ماهیت توصیفی- تحلیلی و از نظر هدف کاربردی است. جمع‌آوری داده‌ها به دو روش کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی صورت گرفته اﺳﺖ. جامعه آماری پژوهش، متخصصین و کارشناسان حوزه مسکن شهر شیراز بوده که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری دلفی تعداد 72 نفر از کارشناسان به عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شدند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات، از آزمون‌های تی تک‌نمونه‌ای، رگرسیون و معادلات ساختاری استفاده شده است. نتایج ازمون تی تک‌ نمونه‌ای نشان می‌دهد که شاخص مصرف و بهینه سازی انرژی با مقدار 12/3 و شاخص سخت‌افزای و نرم‌افزای با مقدار 75/۲، بالاترین و پایین‌ترین سطح هوشمندی ساختمان‌های مسکونی را داشته‌اند. نتایج معادلات ساختاری نشان می-دهد که در بین شاخص‌های بعد فناوری، سرعت استخراج داده‌ها در ساختمان با ضریب 0.411در بین شاخص های بعد مصرف انرژی، قطع انرژی و گاز در مواقع خطر با ضریب (0.641) و در بعد سخت‌افزاری، کنترل تجهیزات با اپلیکیشن با ضریب (0.412) بیشترین اثر را بر هوشمندی ساختمان های مسکونی شهر شیراز دارند و در کل بعد فناوری و داده با ضریب 0.502 و بعد سخت‌افزار با ضریب 0.311 در مصرف بهینه انرژی و تحقق ساختمان هوشمند اثر گذار است. بصورت کلی ساختمان‌های مسکونی شهر شیراز از نظر هوشمند‌سازی در وضعیت مناسبی قرار ندارند و با توجه به ساختمان‌های مسکونی مدرن و بلندمرتبه و هچنین بافت قدیمی و فرسوده، جهت ارتقای کیفیت زندگی ساکنان و صرفه‌جویی در مصرف انژی و پیشگیری از حوادث مترقبه، لزوم توجه مدیران شهری به فناوری هوشمند را ضروری می‌سازد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Providing suitable housing in terms of safety, comfort and energy efficiency has been considered as the most important human demands, and in this context, the intelligent building system creates ideal conditions in buildings by using the latest technologies. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the position of the indicators affecting smart housing in Shiraz city. The current research is descriptive-analytical in nature and practical in terms of purpose. Data collection has been done by two library and field methods. The statistical population of the research is the specialists and experts in the field of housing in Shiraz, and 72 experts were selected as the sample size using the Delphi sampling method. To analyze the data, one-sample t-tests, regression and structural equations were used. The results of the sample T-Tech test show that the index of energy consumption and optimization with the value of 3.12 and the index of hardware and software with the value of 2.75 have the highest and the lowest level of intelligence of residential buildings. . The results of the structural equations show that among the indicators of the technology dimension, the speed of data extraction in the building with a coefficient of 0.411, among the indicators of the energy consumption dimension, cutting off energy and gas in times of danger with a coefficient of (0.641) and in the hard dimension Software, control of equipment with an application with a coefficient of (0.412) have the greatest effect on the intelligence of residential buildings in Shiraz city, and in general, technology and data dimension with a coefficient of 0.502 and hardware dimension with a coefficient of 0.311 in optimal energy consumption and realization of smart building. is a transition In general, the residential buildings of Shiraz city are not in a good condition in terms of smart building, and considering the modern and high-rise residential buildings as well as the old and dilapidated structures, in order to improve the quality of life of the residents and save energy consumption and prevention. From upcoming events, it is necessary for city managers to pay attention to smart technology.Extended AbstractIntroduction:      With the entry of superior technologies into the construction industry and the need to respond to the new needs of society, smart housing has been in the spotlight as an emerging but extremely attractive phenomenon. In all the countries of the first world, scientific and academic centers have implemented many research and operational projects for its better understanding and development, considering its advantages and also the reception of its users. Among the most important factors and features that have made it popular among consumers are security and safety, convenience and comfort, ease of management, management and energy saving, and helping to promote health and wellness (Mashayekhi et al., 2019: 186).The city of Shiraz is located in a hot area with limited energy resources, and in order to create stability and save energy consumption, increase safety and security, it is necessary to pay attention to building smartness. Therefore, the smart building in Shiraz city can create stability in the urban space so as to ensure security, safety, optimal energy consumption, resilience against risks, hence the aim of the current research is to investigate the status of smart building indicators in Shiraz metropolis. How many smart indicators do the buildings in Shiraz meet? And which of the areas of Shiraz metropolis has more favorable conditions in terms of smart residential building indicators?Methodology:      The type of research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. Data collection has been done in the form of library (books, articles, documents, etc.) and field (questionnaire) using the Delphi technique. The statistical population of the research includes specialists and experts in the urban area. The Delphi method was used to determine the sample size, and 72 people were selected as the sample size. Statistical methods of one-sample t-test, multivariate regression and structural equations have been used for analysis.Results and discussion:       According to the results of the TTech test, it can be said that the information technology indicators of smart residential buildings in Shiraz city are exemplary, such as; The existence of three-dimensional models of construction information and the review and control of data related to building costs, because the alpha error level of the indicators is at the level of 5%, the significance or suitability has been confirmed at the level of 95% in the entire information technology component. In the smart residential buildings of Shiraz city, with a coefficient of 0.079 and a significance level of 0.217, it is not significant, it does not have favorable conditions.In general, according to the index and its results, the component of optimal energy consumption of residential buildings with a coefficient of 0.057 and a significance coefficient of 0.501 is not meaningful, and it shows that Shiraz city is not in a favorable condition from the perspective of energy consumption and its optimization.According to the results of the T-Tech test, it can be said that the hardware and software indicators of smart residential buildings in Shiraz city are such as; The existence of a comprehensive computer network in the building, the ability to adapt the equipment to changes in the building's uses, the use of intelligent systems in the building, the use of sensors and operators with local operation in the building, the building automation system, the use of monitoring and control of building equipment, the possibility of viewing and Monitoring the condition of the equipment through the software, controlling the equipment with a mobile phone or tablet application because the alpha error level of the indicators is more than 100%.In order to check more closely between the indicators and the main dimensions of the smart building, the structural equations were done in SMARTPLS. Technology and data indicators in the smart building 1- The speed of data extraction in the building with a coefficient of (0.411), 2) The ability to exchange building data with other systems with a coefficient (0.279), 3- the possibility of reporting data and information of all parts of the building (0.193), 4- existence of three-dimensional models of building information with a coefficient (0.259), 5- existence of a digital map of the building (0.371), 6- Monitoring and controlling the information of all building details (0.329), 7. Controlling data related to building costs (0.308) can be effective in controlling and optimal energy consumption.Among the indicators, energy consumption, energy and gas cut-off in times of danger with coefficient (0.641) and intelligent control of cooling and heating or coefficient (0.509) have the most effect, respectively. The results of examining the indicators in the hardware section show that the equipment control index with a mobile phone or tablet application has the most effect with a factor of (0.412) and overall technology and data with a factor of 0.502 and hardware with a factor of 0.311 in optimal energy consumption and The realization of the smart building is effective. The results of the structural analysis are given in the form of the following figure.Conclusion:      The results of a single sample analysis of the components affecting smart buildings show that among the examined components, optimization component with a figure of 3.12 and hardware and software with a figure of 2.75 energy consumption and are respectively the highest and the lowest. They have a level of intelligence. The results of structural studies show that among the indices of the technology dimension, the data extraction speed index in the building with a coefficient of 0.411, among the indices of the energy consumption dimension, the index of energy and gas cut-off in times of danger with a coefficient of (0.641) and in the hardware dimension of the index Equipment control with application has more effects with a factor of (0.412) and in general, the dimension of technology and data with a factor of 0.502 and the dimension of hardware with a factor of 0.311 is effective in optimal energy consumption and the realization of a smart building. The inadequacy of the smart components of residential buildings in Shiraz city indicates that the platforms for smart building have not yet been provided in Shiraz city and a large part of the residential units in Shiraz are old and dilapidated. As a result, it is impossible to have smart components (hardware, energy management, technology) in these residential units, as a result, a significant part of the residential unit lacks such equipment.

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