تبیین الگوی مناسب کاربردی جهت ارزیابی عملکرد و ارتقاء کارایی شهرهای جدید (مطالعه موردی: شهرهای جدید هشتگرد، اندیشه، پردیس، پرند)
محورهای موضوعی : برنامه ریزی شهری
پروانه مژگانی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحد امارات، دبی، امارات متحده عربی.)
لعلا جهانشاهلو
2
(دانشیار شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری وشهرسازی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم وتحقیقات، تهران، ایران.)
فرهاد حسین زاده لطفی
3
(استاد گروه ریاضی دانشکده علوم پایه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم وتحقیقات ، تهران، ایران.)
آزیتا رجبی
4
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ،دانشکده ادبیات،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی، تهران ، ایران)
کلید واژه: ارزیابی عملکرد, شهرهای جدید, ارتقاء کارایی, الگوی کاربردی,
چکیده مقاله :
ایجاد شهرهای جدید با توجه به اهداف ایجاد و عملکردهای خاصی که داشته‌اند،گاه تبدیل به یک قطب جمعیتی شده و گاه آن‌قدر ضعیف عمل کرده‌اند که انسان تمایلی به زندگی در آن‌ها ندارد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر تبیین الگوی مناسب کاربردی جهت ارزیابی عملکرد و ارتقاء کارایی شهرهای جدید هشتگرد، اندیشه، پردیس، پرند می‌باشد. تحقیق حاضر از لحاظ هدف (نوع استفاده) یک تحقیق کاربردی است. از نظر روش انجام دادن تحقیق به طور کلی، این تحقیق یک تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی است. روش شناسی: جامعه آماری مورد پژوهش شامل کلیه ساکنین شهرهای پردیس، پرند، اندیشه و هشتگرد می‌باشند که حجم نمونه بر اساس فرمول کوکران به تعداد 383 نفر برای هر 4 شهر به شیوه تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه 17 شاخصه(حمل و نقل، مخابرات، آب، فاضلاب، برق، مسکن، اجتماعی، تجهیزات عمومی شهر، آموزشی، اقتصادی، مدیریتی، رودخانه و مسیل، فضای سبز، بهداشت و درمان، مدیریت پسماند، انرژی و تأسیسات گاز) است. برای بررسی روایی پرسشنامه از نظر 5 نفر از متخصصین حوزه برنامه‌ریزی شهری استفاده شده و روایی آن چندین بار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و همچنین از روایی سازهای بر اساس تحلیل عاملی تأییدی استفاده شده است. برای بررسی پایایی نیز از آلفای کرونباخ بهره گرفته شد که مقدار آن 83/0 و در وضعیت مطلوبی است. در قسمت تحلیل داده‌ها به کمک نرم افزارهای spss22 و Amos به بررسی سؤالات تحقیق با استفاده از مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری پرداخته شد. یافته ها: نتایج بیانگر آن است که عملکرد شهرهای مختلف در زمینه‌ها و خدمات مختلف به گونه‌ای بوده است که شهر هشتگرد در رتبه نخست، اندیشه در رتبه دوم، پردیس در رتبه سوم و پرند در رتبه آخر قرار دارد بر این اساس عملکرد شهرهای پیرامونی شهر تهران هیچ‌کدام بالاتر از 65/0 نبوده است و دو شهر پرند و پردیس حتی زیر 50/0 بوده‌اند که این نشان از ضعف در این زمینه می‌باشد.
The purpose of this study is to explain the appropriate practical model for performance evaluation, and improve the efficiency of the new cities of Hashtgerd, Andisheh, Pardis, Parand. The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose (type of use). In terms of the method of conducting research in general, this research is a descriptive-analytical research. The statistical population of the study includes all residents of Pardis, Parand, Andisheh and Hashtgerd cities. The sample size based on Cochran's formula was 383 people for all 4 cities were selected by simple random sampling. Research tools include a 17-item questionnaire (transportation, telecommunications, water, sewage, electricity, housing, social, city general equipment, educational, economic, managerial, river and canal, green space, health, waste management, energy and facilities Gas). To evaluate the validity of the questionnaire from the point of view of 5 experts in the field of urban planning, its validity was examined several times, and also the validity of the structure based on confirmatory factor analysis was used. Cronbach's alpha was used for reliability, which is 0.83 and in good condition. In the data analysis section, with the help of spss22 and Amos software, the research questions were examined using structural equation modeling. The results show that the performance of different cities in different fields and services has been such that Hashtgerd city is in the first rank, Andisheh is in the second rank, Pardis is in the third rank, and Parand is in the last rank, based on the performance of the surrounding cities. The city of Tehran was neither higher than 0.65, and the two cities of Parand and Pardis were even below 0.50, which is a sign of weakness in this regard.Introduction: The creation of new cities, according to the purposes of their creation and the specific functions they had, has sometimes become a population hub, and sometimes they have acted so poorly that man has no desire to live in them. In different historical periods, cities with "different purposes" have been built in all parts of the world, which can be called new cities. In this context, Greek philosophers over the years have criticized the condition of human life and proposed their ideal cities. Aristotle and Plato spoke about self-reliance and optimal population size about new cities.The creation of new cities, according to the purposes of their creation and the specific functions they had, has sometimes become a population hub, and sometimes they have acted so poorly that man has no desire to live in them. Today, after more than two decades have passed since the beginning of this policy and the passing of forecasting periods, it is a good opportunity to evaluate the performance of these cities. After three decades have passed since the approval and implementation of this idea in Iran; The studies and evaluations done about the performance of new cities indicate the lack of success or low success of these cities. The expansion of urbanization and the concentration of facilities in big cities have forced people to live in these cities. However, this increase in population has caused insecurity, unemployment, air pollution and environment. New cities have been established in order to solve these problems and organize the population overflow. Examining the urban infrastructure of new cities will help to extract their strengths and weaknesses.Methodology:The statistical population of the study includes all residents of Pardis, Parand, Andisheh and Hashtgerd cities. The sample size based on Cochran's formula was 383 people for all 4 cities were selected by simple random sampling. Research tools include a 17-item questionnaire (transportation, telecommunications, water, sewage, electricity, housing, social, city general equipment, educational, economic, managerial, river and canal, green space, health, waste management, energy and facilities Gas). To evaluate the validity of the questionnaire from the point of view of 5 experts in the field of urban planning, its validity was examined several times, and also the validity of the structure based on confirmatory factor analysis was used. Cronbach's alpha was used for reliability, which is 0.83 and in good condition. In the data analysis section, with the help of spss22 and Amos software, the research questions were examined using structural equation modeling. By using the inferential analysis of structural equations, the performance of each city has been evaluated in the field of measures, services and the provision of various infrastructures, and the model of the final path of each city has been presented, and finally, each city has been compared based on the status of the path coefficient of each index. And the overall coefficient of each city is also presented, which shows its final status.Results and discussion: The purpose of this study is to explain the appropriate practical model for performance evaluation, and improve the efficiency of the new cities of Hashtgerd, Andisheh, Pardis, Parand. The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose (type of use). In terms of the method of conducting research in general, this research is a descriptive-analytical research.Conclusion:The results show that the performance of different cities in different fields and services has been such that Hashtgerd city is in the first rank, Andisheh is in the second rank, Pardis is in the third rank, and Parand is in the last rank, based on the performance of the surrounding cities. The city of Tehran was neither higher than 0.65, and the two cities of Parand and Pardis were even below 0.50, which is a sign of weakness in this regard.
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