سازوکار سرمایه داری مستغلات در ناحیه میاندوآب
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
رضا منافی آذر
1
(دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران)
حسن افراخته
2
(استاد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی،دانشگاه خوارزمی،تهران)
عبدالحمید نظری
3
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا ، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: شهرستان میاندوآب, سرمایه داری مستغلات, مدارهای اقتصادی,
چکیده مقاله :
سرمایه‌داری مستغلات بخشی از سرمایه‌داری است، مادامی‌که ارزش افزوده را از طریق ارزش مصرفی تولید کند در خدمت گردش سرمایه مولد است، اما زمانی‌که با سوداگری و انگیزه سودجوئی فقط به تولید ارزش دارائی بپردازد، سرمایه‌داری غیرمولد محسوب می‌شود. هدف این پژوهش بررسی و شناخت سازوکارهای سرمایه‌داری مستغلات در ناحیه میاندوآب است. بنیان فلسفی تحقیق مبتنی بر پراگماتیسم است و با روش تحقیق آمیخته انجام گرفت. با تکنیک RS تغییرات پوشش اراضی محدوده مطالعاتی در مقاطع زمانی (1998، 2006 و 2016م) از تصاویر ماهواره Landsat بدست آمد. افزایش 47.49 درصدی سطح ساخته شده نشان از فعالیتهای گسترده مستغلاتی در این قلمرو داشت. جمع‌آوری و تحلیل داده‌ها با روش کیو انجام گرفت. منطق استدلال این روش قیاس اقترانی است. جامعه گفتمان شامل32 نفر از اساتید اقتصاد، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی و شهری است که از طریق نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. فضای گفتمان از منابع دست اول و مصاحبه‌ها در قالب 107 گویه، توسط جامعه گفتمان در کارتهای کیو مرتب شدند. نتایج برمبنای تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی فردمحور (روش استفنسون) نشان داد هشت عامل: بستر اقتصادی و دولت رانتیر، نقص ساختارهای قانونی و فعالیتهای مافیایی، ریسک پایین سرمایه‌گذاری در مستغلات، ضعف سرمایه‌داری مولد و فقدان شبکه رسمی مالکیت، کالایی شدن زمین، خزش شهری و گسترش خدمات، نمودهای فضایی – مکانی بورژوازی مستغلات و احتکار و رانت زمین در مکانیسم سرمایه‌داری مستغلات اثر داشته‌است. همچنین ضعفهای بستر اقتصادی، وابستگی به رانت نفت و کم‌توجهی به مالیات اراضی موجب نضج گرفتن سرمایه‌داری مستغلات شده و در نهایت سرمایه را از مدار مولد خارج کرده است.
Real estate is Part of capitalism, so long as produces the increased value by consumed value is served for productive capital flow. When it only focuses on asset value by trading and expediency Motivation the capitalism is Accounted as unproductive capital. The purpose of this research is to study and find real estate mechanism in Miandoab Area.. By applying RS technique, the changes in Land coverage of case study Area during 1998, 2006, 2016 were attained by Landsat images. 47.49 increase of built Level indicates the widespread activities of real estate in this Area. Data collection and data analysis were done by Q method. The logic of this reasoning is abduction. The society of communication includes 32 economy, geography, and planning of rural-urban professors that were selected by target sampling. The concourse of communication is arranged by new sources and Interviews in the form of 107statements, by society of communication in Q cards. The results based on factor-exploratory analysis of person-based (stephenson method) showed that eight factors as follow: economy channel and rentier government, deficiency in legal structures and Mafia activities, low risk of Investment in real estates, weakness of productive capitalism and the lack of formal channel ownership, taking land as a commodity, urban scrip and Service expanding, local-spatial representations of real estate bourgeoisie and hoarding have affected on capitalism mechanism. Also, weakness in economy channels, dependency to oil rent and disregarding of Land taxes caused to formation of real estate capitalism and eventually removed capital from production Orbit
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