Evaluation of Cut Carnation Longevity cv. ‘Yellow Candy’ under Treatment with Chemical and Organic Antimicrobial Compounds

محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی

Donya Hedayat Rad ¹ (Department of Horticultural Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/12/08 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/05/29 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/03/11

کلید واژه: Carnation, Longevity, Alcohol, Plant essential oils, 8-HQS,

چکیده مقاله :

Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is valuable in terms of production and exports in the world. Increased vase life of cut flowers is an important factor for their market acceptability. For this purpose this study was carried out to examine the effect of plant essential oils as compared to 8-hydroxy-quinoline sulfate on the control of bacteria population and the longevity of carnation cut flowers on the basis of a complete randomized design with 14 treatments, control (distilled water), control + alcohol (2%), 8-HQS at three levels (100, 200 and 400 mg l-1), and the essential oils of dill seeds, caraway seeds and aromatic geranium, each one at three levels (50, 100 and 150 mg l-1) continuously with 3 replications, 42 plots – each plot including 5 flowers. The recorded traits included vase life, vase solution bacteria population, fresh weight loss, increasing the soluble solids,ionic leakage, ethylene production, chlorophyll a and b. The results of this study showed that the longest vase life was obtained from the treatment of alcohol 2% with 15.83 days. Also, among the treatments containing essential oil, dill (100 mg l-1), geranium (50 mg l-1), caraway (100 mg l-1) and 8- hydroxyquinoline sulfate (400 mg l-1) as better treatments are considered.

چکیده انگلیسی:

میخک (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) جزء گیاهان با ارزش به لحاظ تولید و صادرات در جهان است. افزایش دوام عمر گل‌های شاخه بریده از فاکتورهای مهم در بازارپسندی آنها محسوب می‌شود. به همین منظور این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر اسانس‌های گیاهی در مقایسه با 8-‌ هیدروکسی کینولین روی کنترل جمعیت باکتری و ماندگاری گل شاخه بریده میخک بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 14 تیمار، شاهد (آب مقطر)، شاهد همراه با الکل (2 درصد)، 8- ‌هیدروکسی‌ کینولین ‌سولفات در سه سطح (100، 200 و 400 میلی‌گرم در لیتر)، اسانس‌های بذر شوید، بذر زیره سیاه و شمعدانی عطری هر کدام در 3 سطح (50، 100 و 150 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) به صورت ممتد در 3 تکرار، 42 پلات و در هر پلات 5 شاخه گل و در مجموع 210 شاخه گل انجام شد. صفات عمر گلجایی، جمعیت باکتری محلول گلجا، کاهش وزن تر، افزایش مواد جامد محلول، نشت یونی، اتیلن و کلروفیل a و b اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان داد که از نظر عمر گلجایی الکل 2 درصد با 83/15 روز بالاترین عمر گلجایی را داشته است. همچنین در بین تیمارهای حاوی اسانس، شوید (100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر)، شمعدانی (50 میلی‌گرم در لیتر)، زیره سیاه (100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و نیز 8- هیدروکسی کینولین سولفات (400 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) جزء تیمارهای برتر به حساب می-آیند.

منابع و مأخذ:

Abdul-Wasea, A. 2012. Effects of some preservative solutions on vase life and keeping quality of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.) cut flowers. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 11(1): 29-35.

Amini, SH., Arab, M., Rahemi, M., Rahimi, A. R. and Daraei Garmakhany, A. 2016. Effect of thyme essential oil on vase life of two carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cultivars. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 19(3): 734-742.

Andersen, L., Williams, M.H. and Serek, M. 2004. Reduced water availability improves drought tolerane of potted miniature roses: Is the ethylene pathway involved. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 79(1): 1-13.

Babarabie, M., Zarei, H. and Varasteh, F. 2016. Potential of increasing the vase life and improvement of some physiological characteristics of Alstroemeria cut flowers by using non-harmful compounds environmentally. Journal of Chemical Health Risks. 6(1): 1–8.

Bartoli, C. G., Guiamet, J.J. and Montaldi, E.R. 1997. Ethylene production and responses to exogenous ethylene in senescing petals of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ''Ram''. Plant Science, 124(1): 15-21.

Basiri, Y. and Zarei, H. 2011. Effects of nanosilver on longevity and some qualitative traits of cut carnation. Proceedings of 7^th Iranian Horticultural Science Congress, Isfahan University of Technology, 5-8 Sep.

Bayat, H., Azizi, M., Shoor, M. and Vahdati, N. 2012. Effect of ethanol and essential oils on extending vase life of carnation cut flower (Dianthus caryophyllus cv. Yellow Candy). Journal of Horticultural Science (Agricultural Sciences and Technology), 25(4):         384-390.

Farrag, R. S., Daw, Z. Y. and Abo Raya, S. H. 1989. Influence of some spice essential oils on Aspergillus parasiticus growth and production of aflatoxins in a synthetic medium. Journal of Food Science, 54(1): 74-76.

Fazlalizadeh, B., Naghshiband Hassani, R., Zaare-Nahandi, F. and Alizadeh-Salteh, S. 2013. Effect of essential oils of cinnamon, clove and silver nanoparticles on vase-life of cut Alstroemeria cv. ‘Jamaica’ flowers. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 14 (2): 179-192.

Gang, X. M., Liu, J., Lu, J. G. and Okubo, H. 2009. Effect of cold storage and different pulsing treatment on postharvest quality of cut of lily ''mantissa'' flowers. Journal of Faculty of Agri., Kyushu University. 54(1): 41-45.

Ghasemi Ghohsareh, M. and Kafi, M. 2009. Floriculture Vol. 1, Author Publication, 313 pages.

Halevy, A. H. and Mayak, S. (1981). Senescence and postharvest physiology of cut flowers. Part II. Horticultural Reviews, 3, 59–143

Hashemabadi, D. 2014. Improving the vase life of cut carnation ''Tempo'' (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flower by silver thiosulphate and silver nano – particles. Journal of Crop Production and Processing, 4(12): 223-234.

Hashemabadi, D., Zarchini, M., Hajivand, S., Safa, Z. and Zarchini, S. 2013. Effect of antibiotics and essential oils on postharvest life and quality characteristics of chrysanthemum cut flower. Journal of Ornamental Plants, 3(4): 259-265.

Ichimura, K., Kamwabata, Y., Kishmoto, M., Goto, R. and Yamado, K. 2002. Variation with cultivar in the vase life of cut flowers. Bulletin of the National Institute of Floricultural Science. 2:9-20.

Ichimura, K., Kojima, K. and Goto, R. 1999. Effect of temperature, 8-hydroxy quinoline sulphate and sucrose on the vase life of cut rose flower. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 15(1): 33-40.

Ketsa, S. and Rugkong, A. 2000. Ethylene production, senescence and ethylene sensitivity of Dendrobium ‘Pompadour’ flowers following pollination. Journal of Horticultural Sciences and Biotechnology, 75(2): 149-153.

Khalighi, A. and Shafie, M. R. 2000. Effects of chemical temperature treatment and harvesting stages on cut flower longevity and some other characteristics of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). Iranian Agricultural Sciences, 31(1):119-125.

Kuiper, D., Ribot, S., Van Reenen, H.S., Marissen, N. 1995. The effect of sucrose on the flower bud opening of made ion cut roses. Science of Horticulture, 60: 325-336.

Liao, L., Lin, Y., Huang, K., Chen, W. and Cheng, Y. 2000. Postharvest life of cut rose flowers as affected by silver thiosulfate and sucrose. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica. 41: 299-303.

Liu, J. P., He, S. G., Zhang, Z. Q., Cao, J. P., Lv, P. T., He, S. D., Cheng, G. P. and Joyce, D.  C. 2009. Nano-silver pulse treatments inhibit stem-end bacteria on cut gerbera cv. ‘Ruikou’ flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 54(1):59-62.

Mazumdar, B.C. and Majumdar, K. 2003. Methods on physicochemical analysis of fruits. www.Sundeepbooks.com. 187p.

Mirdehghan, S. H., Zeidabadi, S. and Roosta, H. R. 2013. Interaction of medicinal essential oils with calcium chloride and silver nitrate on quality and vase life of rose cut flowers. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 28(4): 669-683.

Mousavi Bazaz, A. and Tehranifar, A. 2011. Effects of ethanol, methanol and essential oils as novel agents to improve vase-life of Alstroemeria flowers. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES), 5(14): 41-46.

Pearson-Mims, C. H. and Lohr, V. I. 1990. Fluoride injury to cut ‘Samatloa’ roses may be reduced by pulsing with calcium nitrate. Horticultural Seience, 25(10): 1270-1271.

Podd L.A. and van Staden J. 1999. The use of acetaldehyde to control carnation flower longevity. Plant Growth Regulation, 28(3):175-178.

Pun, U.K., Rowarth, J.S., Barnes, M.F. and Heyes, J.A. 2001. The role of ethanol or acetaldehyde in the biosynthesis of ethylene in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cv. Yellow candy. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 21(2):235-239.

Shanan, N. 2012. Applications of essential oils to prolong the vase life of rose (Rosa hybrida L. cv. "Grand") cut flowers. Journal of Horticultural Science & Ornamental Plants, 4(1):  66-74.

Sivropoulou, A., Papanikolaou, E., Nikolaou, C., Kokkini, S., Lanagras, T. and Arsenakis, M. 1996. Anitimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of Organum essential oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 44(5): 1202-1205.

Solgi, M., Kafi, M., Taghavi, T.S. and Naderi, R. 2009. Essential oils and silver nanoparticles (SNP) as novel agents to extend vase-life of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii cv. ‘Dune’) flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 53(3):155-158.

van Doorn, W.G. 1998. Effects of daffodil flowers on the water relations and vase life of roses and tulips. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 123(1): 146-149.

van Doorn, W.G., Zagory D., Witte Y.D., and Harkema H. 1991. Effect of vase-water bacteria on the senescence of cut carnation flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1(2): 161-168.

Woltering, E.J., van Doorn, W.G. 1988. Role of ethylene in senescence of petals-morphological and taxonomical relationships. Journal of Experimental Botany, 39(11):1605-1616.

Zagory, D. and Reid, M.S. 1986. Role of vase solution microorganisms in the life of cut flowers. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 111(1):154-I58.