Journal of Ornamental  Plants: 2 (2)

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1 - A Preliminary Experiment on Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Transformation of the P5CS1 GENE in Tall Fescue
Mostafa K. Sarmast Hassan Salehi Mehrnaz Zarei

Abiotic stress conditions can be imposed on plants through either poor water quality or adverse climate condition. These types of stress affect plant growth and development throughout their life cycle. Plants that are tolerant to drought are therefore valuable, and turf چکیده کامل

Abiotic stress conditions can be imposed on plants through either poor water quality or adverse climate condition. These types of stress affect plant growth and development throughout their life cycle. Plants that are tolerant to drought are therefore valuable, and turf grasses have the potential to grow tolerant. Turf grasses provide ground cover and offer multiple benefits, from their aesthetic value which affects our daily lives to their preservation of land against erosion. The objectives of the present work were to find the ideal media for callus induction and regeneration followed by overexpressing the P5CS1 gene encoding proline for improving drought stress resistance in Festuca arundinacea Schreb. The husks of tall fescue seeds were removed and the seeds were then sliced longitudinally. The result of this treatment showed a greater callus induction efficiency in comparison with intact seeds in the culture media. In addition, an increase in regeneration efficiency was observed in media supplemented with 2,4-D along with BAP. The average of G418‒resistant calli obtained in the experiment was around 10%. The heterologous transformation of P5CS1 in F. arundinacea background was confirmed by PCR and the transient Gus assay. More than 90% of calli expressed the uida gene which can most probably convey resistance to drought stress. پرونده مقاله

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2 - Evaluation of Cut Carnation Longevity cv. ‘Yellow Candy’ under Treatment with Chemical and Organic Antimicrobial Compounds
Donya Hedayat Rad

Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is valuable in terms of production and exports in the world. Increased vase life of cut flowers is an important factor for their market acceptability. For this purpose this study was carried out to examine the effect of plant essenti چکیده کامل

Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is valuable in terms of production and exports in the world. Increased vase life of cut flowers is an important factor for their market acceptability. For this purpose this study was carried out to examine the effect of plant essential oils as compared to 8-hydroxy-quinoline sulfate on the control of bacteria population and the longevity of carnation cut flowers on the basis of a complete randomized design with 14 treatments, control (distilled water), control + alcohol (2%), 8-HQS at three levels (100, 200 and 400 mg l-1), and the essential oils of dill seeds, caraway seeds and aromatic geranium, each one at three levels (50, 100 and 150 mg l-1) continuously with 3 replications, 42 plots – each plot including 5 flowers. The recorded traits included vase life, vase solution bacteria population, fresh weight loss, increasing the soluble solids,ionic leakage, ethylene production, chlorophyll a and b. The results of this study showed that the longest vase life was obtained from the treatment of alcohol 2% with 15.83 days. Also, among the treatments containing essential oil, dill (100 mg l-1), geranium (50 mg l-1), caraway (100 mg l-1) and 8- hydroxyquinoline sulfate (400 mg l-1) as better treatments are considered. پرونده مقاله

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3 - The Effect of CaCl2 Salinity on Growth Parameters of Lisianthus Cultivars
Nabiyollah Ashrafi Abdolhossein Rezaei Nejad

Soil and water salinity substantially constrain crop and biomass production. To investigate the changes in morphological parameters of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) cultivars under CaCl2 salinity conditions a greenhouse experiment was conducted. Cultivars namely, &l چکیده کامل

Soil and water salinity substantially constrain crop and biomass production. To investigate the changes in morphological parameters of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) cultivars under CaCl2 salinity conditions a greenhouse experiment was conducted. Cultivars namely, ‘Champagne’ (C1), ‘Lime Green’ (C2), ‘Blue Picotee’ (C3) and ‘Pure White’ (C4), were subjected to salt stress (0–30 mM CaCl2) in a washed sand culture and the morphological responses were measured. The results showed that salinity affected all of the considered parameters, so that, as salinity levels increased, plant height, shoot fresh and dry weight and leaf area in all cultivars decreased, while, root length, root fresh and dry weight and root: shoot length ratio increased. However, the changes in Pure White and Lime Green were less than in ‘Champagne’ and ‘Blue Picotee’. Theregression analysis of the relationship between CaCl2 salinity levels and seedlings height or root: shoot length ratio deﬁned two groups with different slope coefficients: C1 and C3 as salt sensitive cultivars and C2 and C4 as salt tolerant cultivars. The results showed that salinity threshold of C1 and C3 was 25 and 30 mM CaCl2 respectively, while C2 and C4 in 30 mM CaCl2 showed no significant differences with control. The results suggests that C2 and C4 could be recommended as resistant cultivars due to attain higher growth, water balance, shoot fresh and dry weight and leaf area in response to CaCl2 salinity compared with C1 and C3. پرونده مقاله

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4 - Effect of Azolla Compost and Various Biofertilizers on Growth and Quality of Zinnia flower (Zinnia Elegans Thumbelina)
Kolsoum Forghan Ali Mahboub Khomami

Zinnia is an annual plant with the long flowering period from late spring to mid-autumn. It is a popular plant for landscape. In the present study, the effect of two types of growth promoting bacteria and Azolla compost on some ornamental characteristics of Zinnia were چکیده کامل

Zinnia is an annual plant with the long flowering period from late spring to mid-autumn. It is a popular plant for landscape. In the present study, the effect of two types of growth promoting bacteria and Azolla compost on some ornamental characteristics of Zinnia were evaluated in pot cultivation and greenhouse conditions. The factorial experiment was conducted in three replications based on a completely randomized design with two factors, including Azolla compost in 6 levels (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 percent) and growth promoting bacteria in 3 levels (without bacteria, Azospirillum and Azotobacter bacteria). The results showed that growth promoting bacteria (Azospirillum and Azotobacter) and Azolla compost had a significant effect on the investigated factors. Treatment of 50% Azolla compost and Azospirillum compared to other treatments had higher leaf and root fresh weight, leaf nitrogen and plant height. Moreover, 10% Azolla compost and Azospirillum was the best treatment in terms of leaf and root dry matter content. According to conducted evaluation, Azospirillum with less percentage of compost had a significant effect on dry weight and Azospirillum with a higher percentage of compost had a significant effect on fresh weight. Besides, a higher percentage of compost in Azospirillum in treatment Azospirillum and 50% compost had a significant effect on leaf nitrogen and height of the stem. پرونده مقاله

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5 - Can We Reduce Salinity Effects by the Application of Humic Acid on Native Turfgrasses in order to Attain Sustainable Landscape?
Elham Saeedi Pooya Ali Tehranifar Mohammadsadeqe sadeqi Navid Vahdati Mashhadian

Soil salinity is one of the most important problems in dry and semi-dry climate areas of the world. So, we investigated the effects of humic acid on visual quality and quantity parameters of native turfgrasses in compared to commercial one under salinity stress to explo چکیده کامل

Soil salinity is one of the most important problems in dry and semi-dry climate areas of the world. So, we investigated the effects of humic acid on visual quality and quantity parameters of native turfgrasses in compared to commercial one under salinity stress to explore can we reduce salinity effects by humic acid or not? So, an experiment was arranged in factorial experiment based on randomized complete design with three replications. The first factor was three grasses consist of two native accessions of Lolium perenne ҅Chadeganʼ and ҅Yarandʼ and its commercial variety, the second factor was four concentrations of humic acid (HA) (0, 5, 10, 15 g kg-1) and the third factor consisted of three levels of salinity (0, 150, 300 mM). Results of analysis of variance indicated that the interaction effects of cultivar × HA was significant in all traits (P<0.01) except uniformity and height. The treatment of cultivar × salinity significantly affected color, texture, smoothness, uniformity and RWC (P<0.01) and total quality (P<0.05). Treatment of HA × salinity had not significant influence on smoothness and uniformity but other traits were significantly influenced at 5% probability level and RWC at 1% level. Triple interaction effect was significant on texture, quality after clipping, uniformity and RWC (P<0.01) and height (P<0.05). Application of HA could decreased salinity effect on darkness, texture and increased quality after clipping and relative water content of leaves under salinity stress. Also, increasing of severity of salinity had reduction effect on plant height and total quality even with HA application. In conclusion, plants grow on soils which contain adequate humic acids (HA) are less subject to stress condition, are healthier because of having higher relative water content in contrast salinity condition. پرونده مقاله

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6 - Investigation of Humic Acid Application on Some Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of China Rose
Parvin Talebi Zohreh Jabbarzadeh

In recent years, excessive use of chemical fertilizers and lack of organic fertilizers caused to reduce the rate of soil organic matter in Iran. The increased use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture causes environmental problems such as soil physical degradation and چکیده کامل

In recent years, excessive use of chemical fertilizers and lack of organic fertilizers caused to reduce the rate of soil organic matter in Iran. The increased use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture causes environmental problems such as soil physical degradation and soil nutrient imbalances. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar and soil applications of humic acid on some morphological and physiological characteristics of Rosa chinensis ‘Baby Masquerade’ in the completely randomized design with two factors; four concentrations of humic acid (0, 500, 1,000 and 2000 mg/L) and two application methods (soil and foliar application) for 8 times (every 15 days) with three replications and two observations per replication under controlled greenhouse conditions. The results showed that humic acid had additive effects on anthocyanin and total soluble solids content. It should be noted that increasing of the content of total soluble solids cause to increase anthocyanin. Foliar application of 500 mg/Lhumic acid significantly increased chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate. Also, foliar application of 1000 mg/Lhumic acid increased the total soluble solid content more than the other treatments. Humic acid had significant effects on leaf area index and shoot and root fresh and dry weight. Generally, it seems that humic acid can improve morphological and physiological characteristics of Rosa chinensis var. ‘Minima’. پرونده مقاله

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