افزایش پاسخ رشد و فعالیت آنزیم آنتی اکسیدانی سینره (Pericallis × hybrida L.)
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتیلی لی فاتح نژاد 1 , ابوالفضل جوکار 2 *
1 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز. شیراز، ایران
2 - گروه اصلاح نباتات، پژوهشکده کشاورزی هسته ای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته‌ای (NSTRI)، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران
کلید واژه: فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی, سینرره, pH بالای خاک, کلروز برگ, Pericallis × hybrida ,
چکیده مقاله :
سینرر (Pericallis hybrida L.) با موانع رشدی و کلروز مواجه شده است. اسید هیومیک، سولفات آهن و کودهای کلات آهن برای کشت سینرر در خاک قلیایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. این پژوهش به صورت آزمایشی فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار و در هر تکرار 4 نمونه انجام شد. محیط‌های گیاهی با استفاده از اسید هیومیک (0، 5/0 و 1 گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک) و کودهای آهن (0، 5 و 10 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم سولفات آهن و 5 و 10 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم کلات آهن) غنی‌سازی شدند. گیاهانی که با خاک حاوی 1 گرم در کیلوگرم اسید هیومیک همراه با 10 میلی گرم در کیلوگرم کلات آهن تیمار شدند، در ارتفاع بوته (86%)، قطر ساقه (100%)، وزن تر ریشه (170%)، دوره گلدهی(166%)، تعداد گل (182%)، تعداد گل آذین (252%)، قطر گل (59%) و میزان کلروفیل کل (300%) بهبود یافتند. کاربرد همزمان 1 گرم بر کیلوگرم اسید هیومیک و 10 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم کلات آهن، میزان عناصر معدنی پتاسیم، نیتروژن و فسفر را به ترتیب 179، 193 و 675 درصد افزایش داد. ترکیبات 5/0 گرم بر کیلوگرم اسید هیومیک و 10 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم کلات آهن باعث افزایش آنتوسیانین (131 %) سطح برگ (140%) قندهای کل محلول (322%) و نشاسته (642٪) شد. کوددهی با 5/0 گرم بر کیلوگرم اسید هیومیک در ترکیب با 5 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم کلات آهن منجر به بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی SOD (238%) POD (324%) و CAT (667%) و کاهش نشت یونی (60%) شد. اسید هیومیک ( 1 گرم بر کیلوگرم ) به عنوان یک کود زیستی در ترکیب با کلات آهن (10 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) برای استفاده در تولید گیاهان در خاک هایی با شرایط pH بالا و استرس زا پیشنهاد می‌شود.
Cineraria (Pericallis hybrida L.) has faced growth hindrance and chlorosis. Humic acid, iron sulfate and iron chelate fertilizers were investigated for cineraria cultivation in alkaline soil. The study was arranged in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications and 4 samples in each replication. The media were enriched using humic acid (0, 0.5, 1 g/kg soil) and iron fertilizers ( 5 and 10 mg/kg iron sulfate and 5 and 10 mg/kg iron chelate). The plants that were treated with soil supplemented with 1 g/kg humic acid in combination with 10 mg/kg iron chelate exhibited improvements in plant height (86%), stem diameter (100%), fresh root weight (170%), flowering period (166%), flower number (182%), inflorescence number (252%), flower diameter (59%) and total chlorophyll content (300%). The application of 1 g/kg humic acid and 10 mg/kg iron chelate increased the mineral element content of potassium, nitrogen and phosphorous by 179%, 193% and 675%, respectively. Combinations of 0.5 g/kg humic acid and 10 mg/kg iron chelate enhanced the anthocyanin (131%), leaf area (140%), TSS (332%) and starch (642%). Fertilization with 0.5 g/kg humic acid in combination with 5 mg/kg iron chelate resulted in the highest activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD (238%), POD (324%), and CAT (667%), and reduced ion leakage by 60%. 1 g/kg humic acid as a biofertilizer in combination with 0.5 mg/kg iron chelate are suggested for use in the production of plants in soils with stressful high pH conditions.
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