بررسی اثر محلول‌پاشی انواع اسیدهای آمینه بر پاسخ‌های بیوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی Physalis alkekengi L.

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

سیروس صارمی ¹ , منوچهر قلی پور ² , حمید عباسدخت ³ , حسنعلی نقدی بادی ⁴ , علی مهرآفرین ⁵ , حمیدرضا اصغری ⁶

1 - دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران
2 - دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران
3 - دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران
4 - دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی جهاد دانشگاهی، کرج، ایران
5 - استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی جهاد دانشگاهی، کرج، ایران
6 - دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/09/06 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/01/21 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/06/01

کلید واژه: اسید آمینه, اسیدآسکوربیک, فنل, کارتنوئید, عروسک پشت پرده, آلکالوئید,

چکیده مقاله :

در این تحقیق به منظور مطالعه تاثیر محلول‌پاشی انواع اسیدهای آمینه بر پاسخ‌های بیوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی عروسک پشت پرده (Physalis alkekengi L.)، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی جهاد دانشگاهی کرج در سال زراعی 98-1397 انجام شد. تیمارها در پنج سطح محلول‌پاشی اسیدهای آمینه شامل {شاهد (A0)، تریپتوفان (یک میلی گرم در لیتر) (A1)، گلایسین (یک میلی گرم در لیتر) (A2)، تیروزین (یک میلی گرم در لیتر) (A3) و آرژنین (یک میلی گرم در لیتر) (A4) اجرا شد. متغیرهای اندازه‌گیری شده شامل: میزان کاروتنوئید، آنتوسیانین، پرولین، فنل، بتاکاروتن، لیکوپن، اسید آسکوربیک و آلکالوئید بودند. ابعاد کرت‌ها 3×3 متر، فاصله بین هر کرت یک متر در نظر گرفته شد. عملیات کاشت در اردیبهشت1396 به‌صورت دستی انجام شد. عملیات محلول پاشی روی گیاهان قبل از شروع گلدهی آغاز شد. در زمان نمونه برداری از هر تیمار سه تکرار و از هر تکرار سه نمونه برداشت شد. نتایج نشان داد که محلول پاشی اسیدهای آمینه روی همه صفات مورد ارزیابی تاثیر معنی داری (p ≤ 0.01) داشت و بیشترین مقادیر کاروتنوئید (83/12 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تازه برگ)، بتاکاروتن (035/0 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تازه برگ) و لیکوپن (017/0 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تازه برگ) از محلول پاشی آرژنین، بیشترین میزان صفات اسید آسکوربیک (2/24 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تازه برگ) و آلکالوئید (25/42 درصد) از محلول پاشی تریپتوفان، بیشترین میزان پرولین (4/1 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تازه برگ) از گلایسین و بیشترین میزان آنتوسیانین (25/12 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن خشک برگ) و فنل (44/32 میلی‌گرم معادل گالیک اسید بر گرم وزن تازه برگ) از تیمار شاهد (عدم محلول پاشی) به دست آمد. به طورکلی نتایج نشان داد که محلول پاشی اسیدهای آمینه به عنوان نوعی محرک زیستی بر بهبود ویژگی های کیفی گیاه عروسک پشت پرده تاثیر مثبتی داشته اند و سبب افزایش تولید ترکیبات بیوشیمیایی گیاه شده است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Biostimulants originate from natural and biological sources and in addition to improving plant growth and soil yield, they can protect plants from environmental stresses and stimulate the synthesis of secondary metabolites involved in plant defense mechanism. In this study, to study the effect of foliar application of various amino acids on the biochemical responses of Physalis alkekengi L. an experiment in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the farm of research Institute of Medicinal Plants of jahad University in Karaj was conducted in the cropping year of 2018-19.Treatments at five levels of amino acid foliar application including {control (A0), tryptophan (1 mg/L) (A1), glycine (1 mg/L) (A2), tyrosine (1 mg/L) (A3) and arginine (1 mg/L) (A4) were administered. Measured variables included: carotenoids, anthocyanins, proline, phenol, beta-carotene, lycopene, ascorbic acid, and alkaloids. The dimensions of the plots were 3×3 m, the distance between each plot was considered to be one meter. Planting operations were done manually in May 2017. The distance between the plants on the culture lines was 25 cm and the distance between the culture lines was 60 cm. Foliar spraying on plants began before flowering. At the time of sampling, three replicates were taken from each treatment and three samples were taken from each replication. Chlorophyll and carotenoids by Lichtenthaler method, anthocyanin by Mita method, proline by Bates method, phenol by Meda method, beta-carotene by Amarowicz method, lycopene by Montesano method, ascorbic acid by titration method, and alkaloid by Iranian Herbal Pharmacopeia method, were measured. The results showed that foliar application of amino acids had a significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on all evaluated traits and the highest amounts of carotenoids (12.83 mg/gfw), beta-carotene (0.035 mg/gfw), and lycopene (0.017 mg/gfw) from arginine foliar application, highest ascorbic acid (24.2 mg/gfw) and alkaloids (42.25%) from tryptophan foliar application, highest proline (1.4 mg/gfw) Glycine and the highest levels of anthocyanin (12.25 mg/gdw) and phenol (32.44 mg/gfw) were obtained from the control treatment (no foliar application). In general, the results showed that foliar application of amino acids as a biological stimulant had a positive effect on improving the quality characteristics of the Physalis alkekengi L and increased the production of biochemical compounds of the plant.

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