طراحی و اعتبارسنجی الگوی برنامه ‌درسی زمینه- محور با تاکید بر ارتباط‌گرایی برای آموزش علوم تجربی

محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی

سعید اسدپور ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی درسی دانشگاه تربیت دبیرشهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.)
علیرضا عصاره ² (دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.)
غلامعلی احمدی ³ (دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران)
محمدرضا امام جمعه ⁴ (دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/07/30 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/11/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/12/01

کلید واژه: ارتباط‌گرایی, علوم تجربی, برنامه‌درسی, زمینه- محور,

چکیده مقاله :

پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی و اعتبارسنجی الگوی برنامه درسی زمینه- محور با تاکید بر ارتباط گرایی برای آموزش علوم تجربی متوسطه اول انجام شد. روش پژوهش از نوع آمیخته و طرح اکتشافی است. در بخش کیفی از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی جهت دار برای طراحی الگو و در بخش کمی از روش پیمایشی برای اعتبارسنجی الگو استفاده شد. داده ها از طریق اسناد بالادستی و متون علمی در بازه زمانی 2020- 2000 و مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند و گلوله برفی با 10 نفر از صاحب نظران گردآوری گردید. روش تحلیل داده ها در بخش کیفی، کدگذاری استقرایی و در بخش کمی، تحلیل عاملی تأییدی، شاخص های توصیفی میانگین، انحراف معیار و آزمون استنباطی کندال (w) بود. پس از دستیابی به الگوی پیشنهادی از طریق پرسشنامه محقق ساخته با 30 نفر از صاحب‌نظران به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند جهت اعتبارسنجی الگو نظرخواهی شد. از جمله نتایج به دست آمده در این پژوهش، 72 کد محوری مربوط به ویژگی های عناصر منطق، هدف، محتوا، نقش معلم، فعالیت های یادگیری، گروه بندی، منابع، زمان، مکان و ارزشیابی بود. در مرحله کمی، پس از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی پرسش نامه محقق ساخته توسط نرم افزار PLS، 2 متغیر به دلیل داشتن بار عاملی کمتر از 5/0 از الگوی اولیه حذف شده و الگوی اصلاح شده، با 70 متغیر، پس از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی و برازش مناسب و همچنین بررسی توافق صاحب نظران، اعتبارسنجی و ارائه شد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The present study was conducted with the aim of designing and validating the context-based curriculum model with emphasis on connectivism for teaching sciences in the first period of high school. The method of the study is mixed and exploratory design. In the qualitative part, the directional qualitative content analysis method was used and in the quantitative part, the polling method was used. Data were collected through upstream documents and scientific texts in the period of 2000-2020 and semi-structured interviews using purposive sampling and snowball sampling with 10 experts. The method of data analysis  in the qualitative part was inductive coding and in quantitative part was confirmatory factor analysis, descriptive indices of mean and standard deviation and Kendall inferential test(w). After achieving the proposed model, through a researcher-made questionnaire, 30 experts were interviewed by purposive sampling to validate the model. Among the results obtained in this study, 72 pivotal codes related to the characteristics of the elements of logic, purpose, content, teacher role, learning activities, grouping, resources, time, place and evaluation. In quantitative part, after confirmatory factor analysis of the questionnaire by PLS structural equation software, 2 variable were removed from the original model due to having a factor load of less than 0.5 and a revised model of curriculum with 70 variables was validated and presented after confirmatory factor analysis and appropriate fit by R2 and also examining the agreement of experts with Kendall coefficient.

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