ارایه مدل تحلیلی به‌منظور شناخت و ارزیابی شاخص‌های مؤثر بر ارتقاء تعاملات اجتماعی در خیابان‌های پیاده مدار با استفاده از تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) (مطالعه موردی: خیابان خیام و خیابان سپه قزوین)
محورهای موضوعی : طراحی محیط زیستابوالفضل کربلایی حسینی غیاثوند 1 , معین توکلی نیا 2
1 - دکتری تخصصی معماری، گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران. (مسوول مکاتبات).
2 - کارشناس ارشد معماری، گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: خیابان خیام قزوین, تحلیل سلسه‌مراتبی, تعاملات اجتماعی, پیاده مداری, خیابان سپه قزوین,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: با شروع انقلاب صنعتی، اختراع اتومبیل و گسترش شهرها، به‌تدریج اولویت دادن به نقش عابر پیاده و فضای پیاده محور در شهرها و فضاهای شهری کم رنگ شده و از کیفیات فضایی عرصه‌های عمومی شهر و فضاهای باز شهری کاسته شد. با توجه به شکل‌گیری گام‌های نخست در طراحی خیابان‌های پیاده مدار در ایران و توجه به تأثیر بسیار زیادی که این خیابان‌ها بر شکل‌گیری انواع تعاملات اجتماعی و ارتقای کیفیّت زندگی شهروندی دارند، در این مقاله به معرفی و اولویت‌بندی شاخص‌های مؤثر بر ارتقاء تعاملات اجتماعی در خیابان‌های پیاده مدار می‌پردازیم. روش بررسی: روش تحقیق مورداستفاده در این مقاله بر اساس هدف، کاربردی و بر اساس ماهیت، توصیفی-تحلیلی می‌باشد. در مرحله اول تحقیق، پیشینه و چهارچوب نظری تحقیق با استفاده از اطلاعات کتابخانه‌ای و اسنادی جمع‌آوری شد و بر اساس آن مدل تحلیلی ارایه گردید. در مرحله بعد که به‌صورت میدانی صورت گرفت، معیارهای به‌دست‌آمده در مرحله نخست، با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی اولویت‌بندی و در نمونه های موردمطالعه (خیابان خیام و سپه قزوین) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که از میان اصول و معیارهای موردبررسی، "سرزندگی" و "خوانایی" به ترتیب با وزن‌های "40/0" و "30/0" بیش ترین نقش را در ارتقاء تعاملات اجتماعی در خیابان‌های پیاده مدار دارند. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: این تحقیق در برانده روشی علمی جهت شناخت و اولویت‌بندی معیارهای ارتقاء تعاملات در خیابان‌های پیاده مدار می‌باشد که راهکاری عملیاتی ارایه‌شده در آن می‌تواند در برنامه‌ریزی‌های شهری برای طراحی این خیابان‌ها در جهت ارتقاء تعاملات شهروندان مورداستفاده قرار گیرد.
Background and Objective: With the start of the industrial revolution, the invention of cars and the expansion of cities and relatively the priority of the pedestrian and pedestrian spaces in the cities and urban spaces were dimmed and the spatial qualities of the public areas of the city and open spaces of the city were reduced. Considering the formation of the first steps in designing the walkway streets in Iran, and considering the great impact of these streets that have on the formation of various types of social interactions and the promotion of the quality of citizens life, this paper introduces and prioritizes the effective indicators for promoting social interactions in the walkway streets. Method: The research method that was used in this paper is based on objective, applied and on the basis of descriptive-analytical nature. In the first stage of the research, the background and theoretical framework of the research were collected by using library and documentary information and Based on that, an analytical model was presented. In the next step, which was done on the field, the criteria obtained in the first stage were prioritized by using the hierarchical analysis method. And also were evaluated on the samples (Khayyam and Sepah Qazvin streets). Finding: The results showed that among the principles and criteria under consideration, "vitality" and "readability" with the weights "0.41" and "30.0" have the most role in promoting social interactions in the walkway streets. Discussion and Conclusion: This research includes a scientific method for recognizing and prioritizing the criteria for promoting interactions on the walkway streets. The proposed operational strategy can be used in urban planning for designing these streets in order to promote citizen interactions.
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- Parsi, H R, (2002). "City Cognition", Quarterly of Fine Arts, No. 11, pp. 49-41. (In Persian)
- Pakzad, J, (2012). "Designing Urban Designs in Iran", Third Edition, Department of Urban Planning and Architecture, Ministry of Housing, Tehran. (In Persian)
- Ghorbani, R, Jamkasri, M, (2010). "Movement of the New Approach to Reviving Urban Centers; Moore Study, Tabriz Pedestrian Education", Journal of Urban Regional Studies and Research, Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 72-55. (In Persian)
- Chimayev, Serezh; Alexander, Christopher, "The Areas of Private Life and Collective Life by Human Architecture", Translator: Manuchehr Mozaini, Tehran University Press (1997). (In Persian)
- 5.Saaty,T.L, (1980) ."The Analytical Hierarchy Process",Palaning,Priority,Resource Allocation,USA: PRWS Publication.
- Ghodsipour, H, (2000). "Discussions in Multi-Criteria Decision Making; Analytical Hierarchy Process", Amir Kabir University of Technology, (In Persian).
- Victoria Transportation Policy Institute, (2010). On line TDM Encyclopedia, From: http://www. vtpi.org (accessed aug 10.2009).
- Mohammadzadeh, R, (2005). Modernity and Urbanism, Case Study of Tabriz Textures, PhD thesis, Supervisor: Firouz Jamali, Department of Geography and Urban Planning. Tabriz University. (In Persian)
- Nasiri, I, (2011). "Urban Walkway Design and Control Strategies", Geography Education Growth, Volume 25, No. 4, pp. 13-19. (In Persian)
- Gehl, J, (1987). "Life between Building: Using Public Space", New York; Vand nor strand Reinhpld.
- Jacobs, J, (1961). "The Death and Life of Great American Cities", Random House, New York.
- Ashrafi, N, (2007). "Urban Sleep Spaces", International Road and Building Monthly, No. 5, No. 43, pp. 51-48. (In Persian)
- Moeini, S M M, (2007). "Pedestrian Behavior in Relation to Residential and Commercial Places", Quarterly of Fine Arts, No. 32, pp. 26-15. (In Persian)
- Rafian, M, Saifai, M, (2005). "Urban Public Spaces: A Review and Qualitative Assessment", Quarterly of Fine Arts, No. 23, pp. 42-35. (In Persian)
- Habibi, SM, (2001). "Footpath of Tourism", Journal of Fine Arts, No. 9, pp. 51-43. (In Persian)
- Shawi, F, (2006). "The Urbanization of Imaginations and Realities", translated by Seyyed Mohsen Habibi, Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
- Salehi, I, (2008). "Environmental Features of Secure Urban Spaces", Publication of the Center for Study and Research on Urbanism and Architecture. (In Persian)
- Tibaldes, F, (2008). "Human-City Cities", translated by: Hassan Ali Lakhaee and Firoozeh Jedili, Tehran University Press, Tehran. (In Persian)
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- Zebardast, E, (2001). "Application of Analytical Hierarchy Process in Urban and Regional Planning", Journal of Fine Arts, No. 10, pp. 13-21.(In Persian)