ارزیابی و تحلیل وضعیت صنعت طبیعتگردی پارکهای شهری و ارائه برنامهی راهبردی با کمک ماتریس SWOT (مطالعه موردی پارک خورشید مشهد)
محورهای موضوعی : طراحی محیط زیستمحمد حسین جهانگیر 1 , محمد فکور 2
1 - استادیار گروه انرژیهای نو و محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم و فنون نوین، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران (* مسئول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکده علوم و فنون نوین دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: شهر مشهد, پارک خورشید, ماتریس SWOT, طبیعت گردی, تحلیل سلسله مراتبی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: در چند دهه اخیر صنعت طبیعت گردی در جوامع جایگاه ویژه ای داشته و از نظر زیست محیطی، توسعه پایدار و درآمد های ریالی برای منطقه رشد قابل توجهی داشته است. در این مقاله پارک جنگلی خورشید به دلیل برخورداری از چشمانداز های طبیعی و بکر و ازطرفی به دلیل مرتفع بودن منطقه از هوای پاک و نمای زیبای شهر مشهد در شب، از توان بالایی برای جذب گردشگر برخوردار می باشد. با توجه به وسعت زیاد و محیط مناسب این منطقه دارای بازدید کننده های محلی و گردشگری زیادی مانند کوه نوردان در ایام مختلف سال است. روش بررسی: هدف از انجام این مقاله بررسی وضعیت موجود صنعت گردشگری و طبیعت گردی منطقه از جهات مختلف (نقاط قوت، ضعف، فرصت ها و تهدیدها) می باشد، تا با ایجاد راهکاری بتوان وضعیت موجود را بهبود بخشید. مطالعات صورت گرفته در این مقاله بر اساس روش تحلیل ماتریس SWOT [1] و فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی AHP صورت پذیرفته است. یافتهها: با توجه به جمع نمرات حاصل از جمع نهایی عوامل داخلی مشاهده شد که وزن نقاط قوت (با وزن نهایی 96/3) بیشتر از نقاط ضعف حاصل گردیده است، که این امر نشان می دهد که نقاط قوت پارک از نقاط ضعف آن بیشتر بوده و همچنین فرصت های موجود از تهدیدات آن بیشتر بوده که با استفاده از فرصت ها و قوت های موجود می توان در جهت بهتر شدن اوضاع کنونی پارک کوشید تا رضایت مندی گردشگران را بیش از پیش فراهم نمود. بحث و نتیجه گیری: با توجه به محاسبات صورت گرفته و تحلیل ماتریس SWOT، در پارک خورشید نتایج نشان داد که نقاط قوت و فرصت ها در گسترش صنعت طبیعت گردی از نقاط ضعف و تهدیدها بیشتر بوده است. در نتیجه پارک از توان بالایی در جهت گسترش صنعت طبیعت گردی برخوردار است که مستلزم برنامه ریزی و مدیریت صحیح برای جذب گردشگر و طبیعت گرد با توجه به برد اکولوژیکی منطقه است. [1]- Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats
Background and Purpose:In the past several decades, the ecotourism industry has a special place in the community nature and the environment, sustainable development and local revenues with significant growth. In this article, because of natural landscapes and pristine, and also because of the elevated area of clean air and a beautiful view of the city of Mashhad in the evening, the Khorshid forest park has a high potential for tourists attracting. Due to the large area and the local environment, this area has the visitors and tourists such as climbers during much of the year. Used methods:The aim of this paper is to examine the current situation of tourism and ecotourism area from different directions (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) which has created a mechanism to improve the situation. Studies in this paper based on the SWOT matrix analysis and analytic hierarchy process AHP have been done. Findings: According to the scores obtained from the final sum of internal factors, weights of strengths (with a final weight of 3.96) were found to be greater than the weaknesses, which indicates that the strengths of the park were greater than its weaknesses, as well as the existing opportunities, the threats are more that using the opportunities and strengths available to improve the current situation, park tried to provide the satisfaction of tourists more than ever. Discussion and Conclusion:According to calculations made and matrix analysis of SWOT, the Khorshid forest park showed the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the development of ecotourism are more. As a result, the park has a high potential to develop an ecotourism industry that requires planning and management to attract tourists and the nature of the ecological range of the region.
1. Karimzadegan, H., Foundations of Environmental Economics, 2003, Naghsh Mehr Publications, Tehran. (In Persian)
2. Mousavi poor, S., 2006, Economic Survey of Ecotourism Development Plan in Kavir National Park in Semnan Province, Dissertation in Master Science, Shiraz University, Agriculture College, Management of desert regions.
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4. Hebrig, P. & O’Hara, B., 1997, Ecotourism: A Guide for Marketers, European Business review, Volume 97, Number 5.
5. Edgell, D., DelMastro, A., Maria, S., Ginger, R., Swanson, J., 2008, Tourism Policy and Planning Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, First Edition, London.
6. Karbasi, A., 2007, Strategic Management in the Environment, Kavosh Ghalam Publications. (In Persian)
7. Abbasi Shavazi, M. & Ahmadi, Z., 2011, Spatial Distribution Analysis and Location Parks Analysis of Yazd City Parks Using GIS, Journal of Humanities Research in Role of the World, Volume 5, Issue 1, Spring. (In Persian)
8. Varesi, h & et al, urban green area site selection with using geographical information system (case study: khoram abad city), geographic and regional development magazine, number 10, Mashhad, 2009.
9. Zandi, E., Jahanian, M., 2010 Investigation of Ecotourism Potentials of Desert and Desert Areas of Yazd Province Using SWOT Analysis Model, Journal of Human Geography Research, no.74 (In Persian)
10. Razakian, F., 2012, Ecological Analysis of Urban Parks (Case Study: Mashhad), Journal of Environmental Studies, Thirty-Eighth Year, Number 2. (In Persian)
11. Sadeghi, L., 2012, Evaluation of Ecotourism Development in Kurdistan Province by SWOT Strategic Model, Second National Conference on Regional Planning Focusing on Regional Planning, Sanandaj Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran. (In Persian)
12. Lahijanian, A. & Shia Beigi, S., 2011, Evaluation and Analysis of Urban Parks Using SWOT Tool and Presenting Appropriate Model (Case Study of Semnan City-Shahrivar Park), Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Volume 13, Issue 1. (In Persian)
13. Hekmatnia, H., Mousavi, M., 2006, Model Application in Geography with Emphasis on Urban and Regional Planning", Modern Science Publishing, Yazd, Iran. (In Persian)
14. Hadiani, Z., 2012, Strategic Planning of Tourism Development by SWOT Method (Case Study: Shiraz City), Volume 23, Number 3. (In Persian)
15. Pourmohammadi, M. R., 2008, Urban Land Use Planning, Post Publications, Tehran. (In Persian)
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1. Karimzadegan, H., Foundations of Environmental Economics, 2003, Naghsh Mehr Publications, Tehran. (In Persian)
2. Mousavi poor, S., 2006, Economic Survey of Ecotourism Development Plan in Kavir National Park in Semnan Province, Dissertation in Master Science, Shiraz University, Agriculture College, Management of desert regions.
3. Mafi, E. & Saghaei, M., 2004, A Combined Model for Spatial Development of Rural Tourism, Journal of Geography and Regional Development, No. 2, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. (In Persian)
4. Hebrig, P. & O’Hara, B., 1997, Ecotourism: A Guide for Marketers, European Business review, Volume 97, Number 5.
5. Edgell, D., DelMastro, A., Maria, S., Ginger, R., Swanson, J., 2008, Tourism Policy and Planning Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, First Edition, London.
6. Karbasi, A., 2007, Strategic Management in the Environment, Kavosh Ghalam Publications. (In Persian)
7. Abbasi Shavazi, M. & Ahmadi, Z., 2011, Spatial Distribution Analysis and Location Parks Analysis of Yazd City Parks Using GIS, Journal of Humanities Research in Role of the World, Volume 5, Issue 1, Spring. (In Persian)
8. Varesi, h & et al, urban green area site selection with using geographical information system (case study: khoram abad city), geographic and regional development magazine, number 10, Mashhad, 2009.
9. Zandi, E., Jahanian, M., 2010 Investigation of Ecotourism Potentials of Desert and Desert Areas of Yazd Province Using SWOT Analysis Model, Journal of Human Geography Research, no.74 (In Persian)
10. Razakian, F., 2012, Ecological Analysis of Urban Parks (Case Study: Mashhad), Journal of Environmental Studies, Thirty-Eighth Year, Number 2. (In Persian)
11. Sadeghi, L., 2012, Evaluation of Ecotourism Development in Kurdistan Province by SWOT Strategic Model, Second National Conference on Regional Planning Focusing on Regional Planning, Sanandaj Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran. (In Persian)
12. Lahijanian, A. & Shia Beigi, S., 2011, Evaluation and Analysis of Urban Parks Using SWOT Tool and Presenting Appropriate Model (Case Study of Semnan City-Shahrivar Park), Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Volume 13, Issue 1. (In Persian)
13. Hekmatnia, H., Mousavi, M., 2006, Model Application in Geography with Emphasis on Urban and Regional Planning", Modern Science Publishing, Yazd, Iran. (In Persian)
14. Hadiani, Z., 2012, Strategic Planning of Tourism Development by SWOT Method (Case Study: Shiraz City), Volume 23, Number 3. (In Persian)
15. Pourmohammadi, M. R., 2008, Urban Land Use Planning, Post Publications, Tehran. (In Persian)