بررسی پدیدارشناسانه چالش‌ها و فرصت‌های استفاده از فناوری‌های نوین در بین سالمندان: یک مطالعه کیفی

محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی ارتباطات فناوری

سنار پیرکانی ¹ , آناهیتا خدابخشی کولایی ^{2 *}

1 - گروه روانشناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه خاتم، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1404/02/21 تاریخ پذیرش : 1404/05/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1404/06/20

کلید واژه: سالمندی, فناوری های نوین, چالش ها, فرصت ها,

چکیده مقاله :

پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی چالش‌ها و فرصت‌های استفاده از فناوری‌های نوین در بین سالمندان صورت پذیرفته است. روش پژوهش از منظر هدف کاربردی و از منظر نحوه جمع آوری اطلاعات کیفی با استفاده روش پدیدارشناسی توصیفی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه سالمندان زن و مرد بالای 60 سال سن شهرستان ارومیه می باشد. که با استفاده روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و به استناد اصل اشباع داده ها تعداد 20 نفر مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند.ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها، مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته بود. به منظور اطمینان از  صحت و سقم داده ها، از معیارهای چهارگانه لینکلن و گوبا (1995) استفاده گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با کمک مراحل شش گانه روش تحلیل مضمون صورت پذیرفت. نتایج پژوهش درچالش‌های استفاده از فناوری‌های نوین در میان سالمندان، در قالب چهار مضمون سازنده اصلی شامل«فقدان سواد دیجیتالی»، «پیچیدگی رابط کاربری»، «مسائل اجتماعی و فرهنگی»، و «محدودیت‌های زیرساختی» شناسایی شدند. این مضامین دربرگیرنده ۱۴ مضمون پایه و مجموعاً ۶۱ کد مفهومی بودند. در خصوص فرصت‌های استفاده از فناوری‌های نوین در میان سالمندان، نتایج در قالب پنج مضمون سازنده شامل«ارتقای سلامت و بهزیستی»، «افزایش استقلال فردی»، «ارتباط اجتماعی تقویت‌شده»، «توانمندسازی شناختی» و «خدمت‌رسانی دیجیتال» شناسایی و دسته بندی شدند. این مضامین ۱۵ مضمون پایه و در مجموع ۷۵ کد مفهومی را دربر می‌گیرند. در نهایت بر مبنای نتایج بدست آمده پیشنهادهایی ارایه گردید.

چکیده انگلیسی:

With the growing elderly population and the expansion of new technologies, exploring how seniors interact with technology has become increasingly important. This interaction presents both challenges and opportunities that must be identified to inform support policies and programs. This study aimed to identify the main challenges and opportunities in the use of new technologies among the elderly. It employed an applied research approach using a descriptive phenomenological method. The statistical population included all individuals over 60 years of age in Urmia, Iran. A purposive sampling method was used to select 20 participants, based on data saturation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using a six-step content analysis approach. Lincoln and Guba’s (1995) four trustworthiness criteria ensured data credibility. Findings revealed four key themes regarding challenges: lack of digital literacy, complex user interfaces, social and cultural barriers, and infrastructural limitations. These were further divided into 14 subthemes and 61 codes. On the other hand, five main opportunity themes emerged: improved health and well-being, increased independence, enhanced social connections, cognitive empowerment, and access to digital services. These included 15 subthemes and 75 codes. The study concludes with practical suggestions based on the findings to enhance elderly engagement with technology.

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