شناسایی عوامل موثر بر اعتیاد به بازی‌های آنلاین (یک مطالعه کیفی)
سجاد امینی منش
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دکتری مشاوره، استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
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کلید واژه: اعتیاد, بازی‌های آنلاین, نوجوانان,
چکیده مقاله :
گسترش روزافزون بازی‌های رایانه‌ای در سال‌های اخیر از منابع عمده نگرانی والدین و متخصصان بوده است. بر این اساس، پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر اعتیاد به بازی‌های آنلاین انجام شده است. طرح پژوهش حاضر کیفی از نوع تحلیل محتوای کیفی بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه نوجوانان استفاده‌کننده از بازی‌های آنلاین بودند که 13 نفر از آن‌ها که ملاک‌های ورود به مطالعه را داشتند به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌های پژوهش از مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته استفاده شد و داده‌های به کمک تحلیل محتوای کیفی به شیوه عرفی تحلیل شدند. نتایج به دست آمده شامل 536 کد اولیه و 13 زیرمقوله بود که در 3 مقوله اصلی دسته‌بندی شدند: عوامل فردی که شامل هیجان خواهی، نگرش به بازی، هدفمندی و میل به پیشرفت بودند. عوامل خانوادگی که عبارت بودند از والدگری موثر، الگوگیری از والدین، آگاهی والدین، نگرش والدین و جو عاطفی خانواده و عوامل اجتماعی که شامل در دسترس بودن، الگوگیری از همسالان، اجتماعی شدن و محدودیت‌های جامعه بودند. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده، توجه به این عوامل در پیشگیری، کاهش آسیب و درمان اعتیاد به بازی‌های آنلاین ضروری است. در مجموع، پیشگیری از استفاده اعتیادگونه از بازی‌های آنلاین مستلزم برنامه‌ریزی مناسب برای اوقات فراغت و فراهم کردن تسهیلات مناسب برای هدایت نوجوانان به سمت رفتارهای جایگزین است.
چکیده انگلیسی :
The increasing expansion of online games has become a major source of concern for parents and professionals in recent years. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting online games addiction. In this qualitative research, the sample included 13 adolescents who had been selected using purposeful sampling and had met a set of criteria for entering the study. The data collected from semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis.The results revealed 536 primary codes and 13 subcategories that were classified into three main categories: Personal factors including sensation seeking, attitude toward game, need for advancement and purposefulness; family factors including cyber specific parenting, family emotional atmosphere, parental modeling, parents' awareness, parents’ attitude; and social factors including socializing, accessibility, affiliation with gamers, social restriction. According to the results, it is necessary to consider these factors for prevention, harm reduction, and treatment of online gaming addiction. In general, prevention of excessive use of online games requires a proper planning for leisure time and providing facilities for directing adolescences toward alternative behaviors.
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