As urban management, municipalities have a key role in the process of city management and organization. Certainly, to reach this performance, municipalities must have a proper management structure based on attracting the institutional participation of the people. Thus, the purpose of the study was to provide a model of social factors affecting the quality of services in the municipalities of Mazandaran. The study was applied in terms of purpose and survey concerning the method. The population was the experts familiar with the field of service quality (n = 15), employees working in the municipalities of Mazandaran (n = 356) and all clients of municipalities in Mazandaran (n = 712). The study used model design and approval questionnaire, the questionnaire of social factors affecting service quality with 75 questions and the service quality questionnaire with 22 questions to collect data. Content Validity Ratio (CVR) of the social factors affecting service quality and service quality questionnaire was calculated as 94.9% and 93.8%, respectively. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of variables was estimated to be higher than 0.7 and the reliability was confirmed. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used with the help of LISREL software to analyze the data. According to the results, the power of the relationship between social factors and service quality was 0.51, showing that the correlation is strong and desirable. The t-test was larger than 5% error level that is 1.96 and showed a significant correlation. Moreover, the fit indices of the model showed that the proposed model was appropriate. According to the results, the managers of municipalities in Mazandaran are recommended to pay attention to employee behavior, employee competence and skills, innovation in service delivery, organizational coordination and accountability, organizational trust, organizational performance, social responsibility, employee work values ​​ to enhance service quality. پرونده مقاله

The purpose of this study was to identify and explain the factors related to human resource productivity in the affiliated offices of one of the government organizations in South Khorasan province. The present study is applied in terms of purpose which employs mixed design. The statistical population in the qualitative part of the study consists of 30 scientific and executive experts who had valuable experiences and information in the field of human resource management and productivity, while the statistical population in the quantitative part is all the employees of the affiliated branches of a government agency in South Khorasan province. Findings from the qualitative part of the research indicated that several factors are involved in human resource productivity, namely organizational culture, motivational factors, leadership style, training and empowerment of human resources, compensation of staff services, quality of human resources, information technology, organizational structure, and work environment. The validity of the research was confirmed by experts in the field of human resource management as well as factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaires and the internal consistency of all dimensions was confirmed. The results of the quantitative part of the research also revealed that the effect of Compensation of Staff Services (p = 0.059, β = 0.077) and Organizational Structure (p = 0.052, β = 0.079) on Human Resource Productivity is significant at the level of 1%. While, the impact of variables of Organizational Culture (p = 0.001, β = 0.340), Motivational Factors (p = 0.035, β = 0.086), Leadership Style (p = 0.001, β = 0.391), Staff Training and Empowerment (p = 0.001, β = 0.281), Quality of Human Resources (p = 0.001, β = 0.201), Information Technology (p = 0.001, β = 0.224) and Work Environment (p = 0.001, β = 0.273) is significant on Human Resource Productivity at the level of 5%. The positive path coefficients show indicate that these structures have a positive (direct) effect on human resource productivity. پرونده مقاله

Organizational culture is a kind of collective thought planning that has emerged in recent years as dominant thinking in organizations. Since in the process of organizational culture management, first, it is necessary to know the existing organizational culture and then to achieve the desired culture, the reforms are implemented gradually and step by step, the purpose of this research is to identify organizational culture indicators and examine the current situation in the Welfare Bank of Iran. This research is applied in terms of purpose, a descriptive correlational in terms of nature, and a survey in terms of method. Its statistical population is the employees of the Welfare Bank of Iran. The sample size was 344 people who were selected by stratified random sampling. We used a researcher-made questionnaire to collect information. We set up the organizational culture questionnaire in 9 factors and 42 sub-dimensions (indicators). The experts confirmed the formal and content validity of the questions. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to be higher than (0.7), which indicates the internal consistency of the items and the confirmation of reliability. In order to analyze the data, we used structural equation modeling using Amos software. The results showed that the organizational culture measurement model including components (development of capabilities, ideals and goals, communication, coordination and cohesion, risk-taking, customer orientation, leadership style, employee rewards, and promise) had a suitable goodness-of-fit. According to the calculated factor loads, the three questions had a factor load of less than 0.5; therefore, they were excluded from the analysis process. According to the results, we can say that in the population under study, the mean of organizational culture variable is above average (3) and is at the desired level (p-value <0.05). پرونده مقاله

در علم گیاه‌شناسی طبقه‌بندی گیاهان اهمیت زیادی دارد، طبقه‌بندی روشی موثر برای سازماندهی داده‌ها است و به ما کمک می‌کند تا گیاهان را بهتر درک کنیم و اطلاعات بیشتری در مورد آنها بدست آوریم. با طبقه‌بندی گیاهان، می‌توانیم الگوها و روابط بیشتری بین گونه‌ها را شناسایی کنیم. این اطلاعات در انتخاب بهترین روش‌های کشت و نگهداری گیاهان به ما کمک می‌کند. از ملزومات طبقه‌بندی آگاهی از خواص و ویژگی‌های گوناگون گیاهان است. تعدد ویژ‌گی‌های موثر در طبقه‌بندی، دسته‌بندی را دقیق‌تر می‌کند. اما افزایش پارامترها، تصمیم‌گیر را چالش برانگیز کرده و نقش عدم قطعیت در تصمیم‌گیری پررنگ می‌شود. برای مدیریت عدم قطعیت، نیاز به ساختاری منعطف می‌باشد. در این مقاله با استفاده از محاسبات گرانولی بر اساس فازی فیثاغورثی ساختاری منعطف برای دسته‌بندی گیاهان گل‌دار ارائه می‌شود. بررسی و مقایسه طبقه‌بندی گل‌های زنبق بر اساس الگوی ارائه شده، با طبقه‌بندی شهودی نشان می‌دهد که الگوی پیشنهادی دقت قابل قبولی در خوشه‌بندی گیاهان گل‌دار دارد. پرونده مقاله