با پیشرفت سریع نیمه هادی‌ها در سطح ولتاژ و توان سیستم قدرت و نیز پیشرفت سیستم‌های کنترلی، جبران‌سازهایی با انعطاف-پذیری و محدوده‌ عملکرد بالا طراحی و ساخته‌ شده تا بر انعطاف‌پذیری سیستم‌های انتقال انرژی افزوده ‌شود. این جبران‌سازها که در سیستم‌های قدرت نصب می‌شوند را سیستم‌های انتقال ac انعطاف‌پذیر (FACTS) می‌نامند. یکی از مهم‌ترین مزایای ادوات FACTS در سیستم انتقال افزایش حاشیه پایداری گذرای سیستم قدرت با کنترل توان اکتیو و راکتیو خط در طول رخ دادن خطا در سیستم است. در این مقاله تاثیر یکی از ادوات FACTS با اتصال موازی یعنی جبران‌کننده وار استاتیکی بر روی پایداری گذرا بررسی می‌شود. سیستم مورد مطالعه یک سیستم قدرت دو ماشینه شامل یک نیروگاه آبی و یک نیروگاه محلی است. نتایج شبیه‌سازی تاثیر جبران-کننده را بر روی میرایی نوسانات زاویه توان الکتریکی نشان می‌دهد. همچنین نتایج شبیه‌سازی عدم تاثیر جبران‌کننده را بر روی توان اکتیو انتقالی در خط انتقال نشان می‌دهد. نتایج شبیه‌سازی با استفاده از سیمولینک نرم‌افزار متلب به دست آمده است. پرونده مقاله

The complexity of communication and the size of different areas of power systems are increasing, and the development of the power system requires the optimal allocation of electric power produced by a large number of system generators. Electric energy production in power systems is one of the most important issues in modern systems, along with minimizing the total production cost of the generator units in the power system. Economic load distribution is a common optimization problem in power systems. In this article, the economic distribution of the load between the production units has been done by limiting the minimum and maximum power range between the generator units. To carry out the economic distribution of the load, the repetition method of the Lagrange coefficient is used. To show the study data, the simulation results for a power system with two production units and taking into account losses and a power system with three production units and without losses are presented. Distinct fuel functions are considered for the units in the study. پرونده مقاله

امروزه بهینه سازی در سیستمهای قدرت یک ضرورت انکار ناپذیر است.کاهش شدت مصرف انرژی در تجهیزات الکتریکی و افزایش راندمان و کارایی آنها، کاهش تلفات الکتریکی و بهبود پروفیل ولتاژ در شبکه قدرت از نمونه های کاربرد بهینه سازی در سیستمهای قدرت می باشند. سیستمهای برودتی مانند یخچالها و فریزر ها می توانند در کنار به کارگیری به همراه سیستمهای فتوولتاییک در شبکه قدرت عامل تعادل بخشی در عرضه و تقاضای انرژی الکتریکی باشند به طوری که مازاد انرژی را به صورت انرژی سرمایشی در خود ذخیره کرده و در شرایط لازم اجازه دهند که انرژی تولیدی توسط سیستم فتوولتاییک به شبکه قدرت تزریق گردد. در این مقاله به طراحی و ساخت یک سیستم برودتی (یخچال) فتوولتاییک متصل به شبکه و تنظیم بهینه عملکرد آن پرداخته شده است. توابع هدف هزینه و دمای میانگین یخچال به عنوان دو هدف اصلی در نظر گرفته شده و با به کارگیری الگوریتم بهینه سازی ژنتیک با مرتب سازی غیر مغلوب جوابهای پارتو به دست آمده و سپس با به کارگیری روش مدل جمع وزنی جواب نهایی انتخاب گردیده است. نتایج شبیه سازی با نرم افزار متلب و همچنین نتایج پیاده سازی سخت افزاری طرح پیشنهادی در غالب پروژه ساخت هر دو کارایی و عملکرد بهینه طرح پیشنهادی را تایید می نمایند. پرونده مقاله

این مقاله فیلترهای اکتیو قدرت را جهت افزایش کیفیت توان سیستمهای صنعتی در حضور آلودگیهای هارمونیکی مورد بررسی قرار می‌دهد. فیلتر اکتیو قدرت موازی جهت بهبود ضریب توان پیشنهاد گردیده، راهکار استخراج سیگنال مرجع مطرح و نتایج عملی یک نمونه با توان دو کیلووار- هارمونیک ارائه می‌گردد پرونده مقاله

FACTS devices are installed in AC transmission networks to increase power transfer capability, stability, and controllability of the networks through series and/or shunt compensation. This paper shows a shunt flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) device used for voltage regulation in transmission lines. Phasor model of shunt FACTS devices is used. All the simulations for this work have been carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. Simulation results vali-date that power oscillation and voltage can be damped properly using of static var compensator (SVC) and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). پرونده مقاله

Power system stabilizer (PSS) generates electrical torques by applying a signal to the excitation system, which reduces power oscillations. The PSS’s main function is to damp generator rotor oscillations. In this paper, the structure of a PSS based on PID controller for system stability enhancement is presented. The voltage regulator excitation system is equipped with IEEE type-DC1exciter model. The application of the controller is investigated by means of simulation studies on a single machine infinite bus power system. For the system without any PSS and the system with conventional PSS (CPSS) and proportional-integral-derivative PSS (PID-PSS), the system responses for three different conditions were obtained using equations linear simulation. Eigenvalue analysis is used for comparison. The simulation results show that the controller is effective in improving steady state and dynamic performances regardless of the system operating conditions. پرونده مقاله

In the power system, any change in the input or any disturbance causes oscillations in frequency, voltage, and real and reactive power. The Power System Stabilizer (PSS) stands out as a re-nowned and effective equipment for damping power system oscillations, extensively explored in studies aimed at enhancing the dynamic stability of power systems. Challenges such as low-frequency fluctuations and the intricate nature of power systems have spurred the application of intelligent methods and optimization algorithms for addressing PSS-related issues. In this paper, a brief review of the studies conducted in the field of meta-heuristic optimization algorithms for PSS design is presented. Meta-heuristic methods are divided into three groups, and based on them, more than 200 articles have been studied in the field of PSS parameter optimization. The balance between exploration and exploitation is a common theme among all meta-heuristic meth-ods. Researchers and practitioners of meta-heuristic optimization methods belong to a wide range of audiences in the fields of power systems optimization, who will benefit from this research پرونده مقاله

The interline power flow controller (IPFC) is a concept of the FACTS controller for series compensation which can inject a voltage with controllable magnitude and phase angle among multi lines. This paper proposes a novel IPFC-Based Damping Neuro-control scheme using PSO for damping oscil‌la‌t‌i‌o‌ns in a power system to improve power system stability. The add‌i‌tion of a supplementary controller to the IPFC main control can provide effective damping to the low frequency oscil‌l‌a‌‌tion on the heavily loaded tie lines of interconnected power systems. However, the conventional controller designed based on a linea‌ri‌z‌ed model cannot provide satisfactory performance over a wide ra‌nge of operation point and under large disturbances.The interline power flow controller (IPFC) is a concept of the FACTS controller for series compensation which can inject a voltage with controllable magnitude and phase angle among multi lines. This paper proposes a novel IPFC-Based Damping Neuro-control scheme using PSO for damping oscil‌la‌t‌i‌o‌ns in a power system to improve power system stability. پرونده مقاله

From a steady state point of view, FACTS devices operate by increasing or decreasing voltage, supplying or absorbing reactive power, and controlling the impedance of a series of transmission lines or phase angles. There are two types of power fluctuation damping controllers in power systems: power system stabilization (PSS) and FACTS POD controllers. The planning and operation condition of electrical power systems are changing due to a variety of causes. Flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) controller helps in raising dynamic stability limit and provide better power flow control. Static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is one of the important members of series FACTS controller, which consists of a solid-state voltage source inverter coupled with a transformer that is connected in series with a transmission line. In this paper is presented the effect of SSSC for damping power system oscillation. The complete digital simulation is performed in the Matlab Simulink environment. . پرونده مقاله

The purpose using capacitors in distribution networks is to reduce the total losses of the network. Capacitors help regulate the power factor and voltage in the electrical distribution system, and can be controlled remotely, in and out of the system. Capacitor placement depends on the objective function, which is usually single objective or multi objective. In this paper, the amount of capacitor at minimum load is determined using a genetic algorithm. The calculation is done at peak load to determine the sensitivity of power losses. By using this method, the increase of the voltage caused by the lead phase of the system is prevented in the minimum load. A multi-purpose objective function to simultaneously reduce losses and improve the voltage profile of the optimal capacitor size in each section is detected by a genetic algorithm. To show the efficiency of the method, the capacitor placement results are compared using DIGSIENT software. پرونده مقاله

Power electronic converters such as dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM), and unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) can zero voltage regulation, eliminate harmonics, reactive power compensation and unbalancing on both the source and load side of the system. The distribution static compensator is the distribution flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) device. It is an important device in a distribution network that used for maintaining constant distribution voltage, correcting power factor, and mitigating harmonics. This paper describes the application of a distribution static compensator for reactive compensation in electric distribution networks, to regulation voltage. Simulated performance of distribution static compensator is presented at varying conditions. The performance of the system has been considered for two cases: change in the source voltage (variable load is constant) and change in the load (voltage source is constant). At the end, the result of simulation with Matlab Simulink software has been presented. . پرونده مقاله