تولید توان الکتریکی با قابلیت اطمینان بالا در هواپیما بر اساس ساختار هوشمند کنترل افتی ژنراتورها

محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدیدپذیر

امیر خالدیان ¹

1 - گروه مهندسی برق- دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/06/08 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/08/29 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/10/01

کلید واژه: قابلیت اطمینان, ریزشبکه, تخصیص هوشمند توان, سیستم الکتریکی هواپیما, کنترل افتی,

چکیده مقاله :

پیشرفت تکنولوژی الکترونیک قدرت، افزایش قابلیت اطمینان سیستم های توزیع توان و سیستم های محرک کنترل پرواز، استفاده از انرژی الکتریکی برای تامین توان هواپیماهای پیشرفته را مورد توجه قرار داده است. این امر باعث شکل گیری مفهوم هواپیمای عمدتاً الکتریکی شده است. در این مقاله ساختار جدیدی برای تولید توان مورد نیاز بارهای الکتریکی در هواپیما پیشنهاد می شود. سیستم تولید و مصرف توان الکتریکی در هواپیما به صورت یک ریزشبکه مدل می شود. مکانیزم تولید توان بر پایه اینورترهای منبع ولتاژ است. تغذیه جریان مستقیم اینورترها با یکسوسازی خروجی ژنراتورهای القایی فراهم می شود. توان مکانیکی مورد نیاز ژنراتورها نیز توسط موتورهای توربوجت تامین می شود. بر این اساس، تخصیص هوشمند توان اکتیو بین ژنراتورها با بهره گیری از کنترل افتی بهبود یافته محقق می شود. ضرایب افتی بهینه ژنراتورها با ترکیب روش های مبتنی بر روش های ریاضی گرادیان نزولی و حداقل سازی میانگین مربعات انحراف فرکانس تخصیص می یابد. شبکه الکتریکی هواپیما با کنترل کننده پیشنهادی در نرم افزار متلب شبیه سازی شده و عملکرد آن مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد. نتایج شبیه سازی نشان دهنده آن است که تخصیص مناسب توان بین ژنراتورها انجام می شود. مزیت روش پیشنهادی نسبت به ساختار مرسوم در هواپیما، حذف واسط مکانیکی ایجادکننده سرعت ثابت و افزایش قابلیت اطمینان سیستم تولید برق است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Advances in power electronic applications, high reliability power distribution systems and flight control propulsion technologies, have increased the utilization of electric power in modern aircrafts. This has led to the concept of more electric aircraft. In this paper, a new structure is proposed to generate the electric power in aircraft. The aircraft power generation and consumption system is modeled as a microgrid. The proposed more-reliable power generation system is based on induction generator, rectifier and voltage source inverter. Induction generator is coupled with turbojet motor. The smart active power sharing between generators is achieved by using improved droop control method. Optimal droop coefficients are assigned by combining mathematical approaches including descending gradient method and minimizing the mean squares of the frequency deviation. The aircraft electrical network is simulated with the proposed controller in MATLAB and its performance is analyzed. The simulation results show the proper power sharing between generators. The advantages of the proposed method over the conventional structure include the elimination of the mechanical constant speed drive which increase reliability and proper power sharing.

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