• صفحه اصلی
  • بررسی اثر کود بیولوژیک تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی اسانس گیاه دارویی Satureja hortensis L.

اشتراک گذاری

آدرس مقاله


کد مقاله : EJMP-2005-1580 (R3) بازدید : 225 صفحه: 13 - 29

20.1001.1.23223235.1399.8.2.2.4

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

بررسی اثر کود بیولوژیک تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی اسانس گیاه دارویی Satureja hortensis L.

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

علی قادری 1 , علی نوعی 2 , خدیجه احمدی 3 , حسین صبوری فرد 4

1 - دپارتمان مهندسی تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای استان خراسان رضوی، ایران
2 - دانشگاه آزاد شیروان
3 - دانشگاه شاهد
4 - دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/02/29 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/06/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/06/01

کلید واژه: کود بیولوژیک, اسانس, صفات مورفولوژیکی, تیوباسیلوس, مرزه,

چکیده مقاله :

مرزه تابستانی (Satureja hortensis L.) یکی از گیاهان ارزشمند دارویی متعلق به خانواده نعناعیان (Lamiaceae) است. هدف از انجام این مطالعه ارزیابی اثر کود بیولوژیک تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی Satureja hortensis L.بود. مطالعه حاضر به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک های کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی شهر گلمکان در سال 98-1397 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کود بیولوژیک تیوباسیلوس (0 (شاهد)، 5 و 12 کیلوگرم در هر هکتار) و کود شیمیایی (0 (شاهد)، 35 و 70 کیلوگرم در هر هکتار) بودند. اسانس گیاه از برگ های مرزه در مرحله گلدهی توسط دستگاه کلونجر استخراج و سپس ترکیب‌های تشکیل دهنده اسانس توسط GC-MS مورد تجزیه قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که همه صفات مورفولوژیکی گیاه و هم چنین کیفیت و کمیت مواد مؤثره اسانس تحت تأثیر تیمارهای کودی قرار گرفتند. به طوری‌که کاربرد تلفیقی کود بیولوژیک تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی منجر به افزایش صفات مورد بررسی نسبت به شاهدگردید. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (8/48 سانتی متر)، وزن خشک برگ (7/9 گرم) و دانسیته اسانس (67/3 درصد) در استفاده توأم کود تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی بدست آمد. دو ترکیب اصلی اسانس مرزه شامل: کارواکرول (10/62 درصد) و گاما-ترپینن (04/19 درصد) بیشترین، افزایش را در ترکیب تیماری 12 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود تیوباسیلوس و 70 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی (NPK) نشان دادند. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده مشخص شد که استفاده از ترکیب تیماری کود تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی می‌تواند ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی، کمیت و کیفیت اسانس مرزه را نیز افزایش دهد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Satureja hortensis L. is one of the valuable plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family that its leaves and flowering branches contain essential oil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Thiobacillus biological and chemical fertilizers on morphological and phytochemical characteristics of this plant. The present study was carried out as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the research farm of Golmakan town in 2019. Experimental treatments included Thiobacillus biological fertilizer (0, 5 and 12 kg/ha) and chemical fertilizer (0, 35 and 70 kg/ha). Plant essential oil was extracted from savory leaves at flowering stage by Clevenger apparatus, then the constituents of the essential oil were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that all morphological traits of the plant as well as the quality and quantity of the active ingredients of the essential oil were affected by fertilizer treatments. The combined application of biological and chemical fertilizers led to an increase in the studied traits compared to the non-application of fertilizer. The highest plant height (48.8 cm), leaf dry weight (9.7 g) and essential oil density (3.67%) were obtained in the combined use of fertilizers. The two main constituents of savory essential oil including carvacrol (62.10%) and gamaterpinen (19.04%) showed the highest increase in the treatment composition of 12 kg/ha of Thiobacillus fertilizer and 70 kg/ha of chemical fertilizer (NPK). Based on the results, we found that combinations of biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer could increase the morphological characteristics, quantity and quality of savory essential oil.

منابع و مأخذ:


References

  1. Adams, R.P. 2007. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, 4th edition; Allured Publishing Corporation Carol Stream, USA.
    2.
  2. Ahmadian, A., Ghanbari, A., Gholavi, M., Siahsar, B. and Arazmjo, E. 2011. The effect different irrigation regimes and animal manure on nutrient, essential oil and chemical composition on Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Journal of Crop and Weed Ecophysiology, 4(16): 83-94.
    3.
  3. Alvarenga, P., Farto, M., Mourinha, C. and Palma P. 2016. Beneficial use of dewatered and composted sewage sludge as soil amendments: behaviour of metals in soils and their uptake by plants. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 7: 1189-1201.
    4.
  4. Banchio, E., Xie, X., Zhang, H. and Pare, P.W. 2009. Vermicompost elevate essential oil accumulation and emissions in sweet basil. Journal Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 57: 653-657.
    5.
  5. Chua, L.S., Lau, C.H., Chew, C.Y., Ismail, N.I.M. and Soontorngun, N. 2018. Phytochemical profile of Orthosiphonaristatus extracts after storage: Rosmarinic acid and other caffeic acid derivatives.Phytomedicine, 39: 49-55.
    6.
  6. Esmaielpour, B., Jalilvand, P. and Hadian, J. 2013. Effects of drought stress and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on some morphophysiological traits and yield of savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Agroecology, 5(2): 169-177.
    7.
  7. Faraji Mehmany, A., Esmaielpour, B., Sefidkon F., Abbaszadeh B., Khavazi K. and Ghanbari, A.R. 2015. Effects of biofertilizers on growth criteria, quantitative and qualitative yield of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Agroecology, 6(4): 870-879.
    8.
  8. Ghesmati, M. and Moradinezhad, F. 2019. Influence of different levels of organic fertilizers on quantitative and biochemical properties of Salvia mirzayanii Rech. F. & Esfand. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants, 7(2): 78-90.
    9.
  9. Gholami Sharafkhane, E., Jahan, M., Banayan Avval, M., Koocheki, A. and Rezvani moghaddam, P. 2015. The effect of organic, biological and chemical fertilizers on yield, essential oil percentage and some agroecological characteristics of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) under Mashhad conditions. Agroecology, 7(2): 179-189.
    10.
  10. Gong, X., Li, S., Sun, X., Wang, L., Cai, L., Zhang, J. and Wei, L. 2018. Green waste compost and vermicompost as peat substitutes in growing media for geranium (Pelargonium zonale L.) and calendula (Calendula officinalis L.). Journal of Scientia Horticulturae, 236: 186-191.
    11.
  11. Habibzadeh, F., Hazrati, S., Gholam Hosseini, M. and Nikjouyan, M.J. 2019. The effect of nitrogenous biological and chemical fertilizers on summer medicinal plant (Satureja hortensis L.). The Second International Conference and the Sixth National Conference on Organic and Conventional Agriculture. Mohaghegh Ardabili University.
    12.
  12. Jabari, R., Amini Dehaghi, M., Modarres Sanavi, S.A.M., Kordnaiej, A. and Ganji Anjanki, F. 2012. Effects of nitrogen application methods and plant density on growth, yield, essential oil and oil compositions of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) in temperate and cold regions. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 13(1): 31-44.
    13.
  13. Khaled, H. and Fawy, H. 2011. Effect of different levels of humic acids on the nutrient content, plant growth, and soil properties under conditions of salinity. Soil and Water Research, 6: 21-29.
    14.
  14. Mafakheri, S., Omidbegi, R., Sefidkon, F. and Rejali, F. 2011. The effect of application of biological fertilizers on some physiological, morphological and essential factors of herb medicine (Dracocephalum moldavica). Journal of Iranian Horticultural Science, 42: 245-254.
    15.
  15. Majidi, A. and Amiri, P. 2013. Biofertilizers of Mycorrhiza fungi are a turning point in reducing the effects of environmental stress on crop production. Journal of Engineering and Natural Resources, 11 (42): 21-18.
    16.
  16.  Makizadehtafti, M., Chaichi, M.R. Naghdeibadi, H.A., Soltanimiri, G. and Sadatasilan, K. 2011. The effect of biofertilizers on yield growth and composition of savory essential oil (Satureja rechingeri Jamzad). Plant and Ecosystem, 8(2-31): 27-37.
    17.
  17. Mehdizadeh, M. 2012. Investigation of the effects of essential antioxidants and various extracts of safflower. PhD Thesis in Pharmacy. Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
    18.
  18. Mohammadi, M., Tobeh, A., Vahidipour, H.R. and Fakhari R. 2013 Effects of biological fertilizers on essential oil components and quantitative and qualitative yield of lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora). International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 5 (12): 1374-1380.
    19.
  19. Moradi Marjaneh, A., Glovi, M., Ramroodi, M. and Saloki, M. 2016. Investigation of some quantitative and physiological characteristics of rosemary medicinal plant under the influence of biological and chemical fertilizers in different folds. To agricultural agriculture, 19 (4): 1076-1061.
    20.
  20. Movahhedkhah, S., Rasouli, B., Seidavi, A., Mazzei, D., Laudadio, V. and Tufarelli, V. 2019. Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L.) extract as natural feed additive in broilers: effects on growth, plasma constituents, Immune Response, and Ileal Microflora. Animals, 9: 87- 95.
    21.
  21. Naiji, M. and Souri, M. 2015. Evaluation of growth and yield of savory (Satureja hortensis) under organic and biological fertilizers toward organic production. Journal of Plant Productions (Agronomy, Breeding and Horticulture), 38 (3): 93-103.
    22.
  22. Noosh Kam, A., Majnoon Hosseini, N., Hadian, J., Jahansuz, M.R., Khavazi, K., Salehnia, A.N. and Hedayatpour, S. 2015. Study of the effect of bio-chemical fertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Khuzestani medicinal plant (Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad). Journal of Crop Production, 8 (4): 87-103.
    23.
  23. Rahmanian, M., Esmaielpour, B., Hadian, J., Shahriari, M.H. and Fatemi, H. 2017. The effect of organic fertilizers on morphological traits, essential oil content and components of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L). Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 27(3): 103-118.
    24.
  24. Rezaei, A., Ebadi, M.T. and Pirani, H. 2020. Effect of different levels of
    seaweed fertilizer on growth parameters, yield and essential oil content of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Journal of Horticultural Science, 33(4): 685-696.
    25.
  25. Rezaei, R., Valdabadi, S., Shirani Rad, A., Seifzadeh, S. and Hadidi Masouleh, A. 2018. Effects of biological fertilizer application and different amounts of urea fertilizers in conditions of dehydration stress on yield, nitrogen consumption efficiency and active ingredients of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research in Iran, 34: 564-547.
    26.
  26. Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Aminghafori, A., Bakhshaie, S. and Jafari, L. 2013. The effect of organic and biofertilizers on some quantitative characteristics and essential oil content of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Agroecology, 5 (2): 105-112.
    27.
  27. Ruzzi, M. and Aroca, R. 2015. Plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria act as biostimulants in horticulture. Scientia Horticulturae, 6024: 1-11.
    28.
  28. Šojić, B., Pavlić, B., Tomović, V., Ikonić, P., Zeković, Z., Kocić-Tanackov, S., Durović, S., Škaljac, S., Jokanović, M. and Ivić, M. 2019. Essential oil versus supercritical fluid extracts of winter savory (Satureja montana L.) Assessment of the oxidative, microbiological and sensory quality of fresh pork sausages. Food Chemistry, 287: 280-286.
    29.
  29. Tahami Zarandi, M.K., Rezvani Moghaddam, P. and Jahani, M. 2010. Compared Tasyrkvdhay organic chemical yield and essential oil herbs basil (Osmium basilicum L.). Ecological Agriculture, 2: 70.
    30.
  30. Weisany, W., Raei, Y. and Pertot, I. 2015. Changes in the essential oil yield and composition of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) as response to arbuscular mycorrhiza colonization and cropping system. Industrial Crops and Products, 77: 295-306.
    31.
  31. Yazdi, O., Alaei, Sh. and Rahmany, H. 2018. The effect of nitrogen biological and chemical fertilizers on savory in north of Khuzestan. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology, 10 (33): 23-33.
    32.
  32. Zand, A., Darzi, M.T. and Haj Seyed Hadi, M.R. 2013. Effects of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms and plant density on seed yield and essential oil content of anise (Pimpinella anisum). Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 14: 340-346.
    33.

 

 

 

 

 

_||_

  1. Adams, R.P. 2007. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. 4th edition, Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, USA.
    2.
  2. Akbarinia, A., Sefidkon, F., Rezaei, M.B. and Bakhshi Khaniki G.R. 2003. Investigation of essential oil composition of Nepeta pogonosperma on wild catnip and cultivation. Pajouhesh-va-sazandegi, 16(1): 14-19.
    3.
  3. Ali, T., Javan, M., Sonboli, A. and Semnanian, S. 2012. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil of Nepeta crispa Willd. In experimental rat models. Natural Product Research, 26(16): 1529-1534.
    4.
  4. Amini, S., Nohooji, M.G., Khani, M., Labbafi, M.R. and Khalighi-Sigaroodi, F. 2019. Biological activity of some essential oil constituents in four Nepeta L. species against Sitophilus oryzae L. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 20: 338-343.
    5.
  5. Aničić, N., Matekalo, D., Skorić, M., Živković, J.N., Petrović, L., Dragićević, M., Dmitrović, S. and Mišić, D. 2020. Alterations in nepetalactone metabolism during polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced dehydration stress in two Nepeta species. Phytochemistry, 174: 112340.
    6.
  6. Aydin, S., Beis, R., Öztürk, Y., Hüsnü, K. and Baser, C. 1998. Nepetalactone: A new opioid analgesic from Nepeta caesarea Boiss. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 50(7): 813–817.
    7.
  7. Aydin, S., Demir, T., Öztürk, Y. and Başer, K. H. C. 1999. Analgesic activity of Nepeta italica L. Phytotherapy Research, 13(1): 20–23.
    8.
  8. Azar, P.A., Porgham-Daryasari, A., Saber-Tehrani, M. and Soleimani, M. 2012. Analysis of the volatile compounds in Nepeta crispa willd. Using improved HS-SPME–GC–MS and comparison with conventional methods. Acta Chromatographica, 24(1): 75–84.
    9.
  9. Azarnivand, H., Ghavam Arvani, M., Sefidkon, F. and Tului, A. 2009. Investigating the effect of ecological characteristics (soil and altitude) on the quality and quantity of essential oils of Achillea millefolium L. subsp. millefolium. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 25(4): 556-571.
    10.
  10. Azizi, M. and Davareenejad, G., Bos, R., Woerdenbag, H.J. and Kayser, O. 2011. Essential oil content and constituents of black zira (Bunium persicum [Boiss.] B. Fedtsch.) from Iran during field cultivation (Domestication). Journal of Essential Oil Research, 21(1): 78-82.
    11.
  11.  Badrhadad, A., Piri, K. and Mansouri, K. 2015. Anti-proliferative effects of some fractions of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. flower and aerial part of Nepeta crispa L. on K562 leukemic cells. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 31(5): 881-890.
    12.
  12. Baranauskienė, R., Bendžiuvienė, V., Ragažinskienė, O. and Venskutonis, P.R. 2019. Essential oil composition of five Nepeta species cultivated in Lithuania and evaluation of their bioactivities, toxicity and antioxidant potential of hydrodistillation residues. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 129: 269-280.‏
    13.
  13. Bariotakis, M., Georgescu, L., Laina, D., Oikonomou, I., Ntagounakis, G., Koufaki, M.-I., Souma, M., Choreftakis, M., Zormpa, O.G., Smykal, P., Sourvinos, G., Lionis, C., Castanas, E., Karousou, R. and Pirintsos, S.A. 2019. From wild harvest towards precision agriculture: Use of ecological niche modelling to direct potential cultivation of wild medicinal plants in Crete. Science of the Total Environment, 694: 133681.‏
    14.
  14. Brown, S., Garver, W. and Orlando, R. 2017. 1,8-cineole: an underappreciated anti-inflammatory therapeutic. Journal of Biomolecular Research and Therapeutics, 6(1): 2167-7956.
    15.
  15. Darras, A.I., Spiliopoulos, I., Kartsonas, E., Assimomitis, P. and Karras, S. 2020. Antioxidant profile, propagation and cultivation of Nepeta camphorata, the endemic species of Mt Taygetos (Greece). South African Journal of Botany, 131: 391-397.‏
    16.
  16. Jamzad, Z., Ingrouille, M. and Monique, S.J.S. 2003. Three new species of Nepeta (Lamiaceae) from Iran. Taxon, 52: 93-98.
    17.
  17. Jamzad, Z., 2013. Flora Iran Lamiaceae family. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR), Tehran, 1074p.
    18.
  18. Mojab, F., Nickavar, B. and Hooshdr Tehrani, H. 2009. Essential oil analysis of Nepeta crispa and N. menthoides from Iran.Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5(1): 43-46.
    19.
  19. Momtaz, H., Moradkhani, S.H., Alikhani, M., Esnaashari, F. and Afkhami M. 2019. Study of antimicrobial effect of some plants of Lamiaceae family on Escherichia coli species isolated from children with urinary tract infection.Journal of Renal Injury Prevention, 8(1): 38-43.
    20.
  20. Nadjafi, F., Koocheki, A., Honermeier, B. and Asili, J. 2013. Autecology, ethnomedicinal and phytochemical studies of Nepeta binaludensis Jamzad a highly endangered medicinal plant of Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 12(1): 97-110.
    21.
  21. Rechinger, K.-H. 1987. Nepeta, Flora Iranica, Graz, Austria.
    22.
  22. Rehman, N.U., Hussain, J., Ali, S., Hussain, H., Abbas, G., Bakht, N. and Al-Harrasi, A. 2020. Chemical constituents of the essential oil of Nepeta distans. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 56(1): 159-160.‏
    23.
  23. Reyahi-Khoram, R., Daraei-Garmakhani, A., Kalvandi, R. and Reyahi-Khoram, M. 2018. Physicochemical assessment of stirred yogurt enriched with Mofarrah (Nepeta crispa Wild). Chiang Mai University Journal of Natural Sciences, 17(3): 231-240.
    24.
  24. Saeb, K., Kakuie, A., Babakhani, B., Hoseini Baldachi, A., Rahdari, P., Poorshamsian, K. and Jafari, R. 2012. Investigating the effect of height on the amount of medicinal compounds of the nettle (Urtica dioica L.) in Ramsar area. Plant and Ecosystem, 32: 31-40.
    25.
  25. Salehi, B., Valussi, M., Jugran, A.K., Martorell, M., Ramírez-Alarcón, K., Stojanović-Radić, Z.Z., Antolak, H., Kręgiel, D., Mileski, K.S., Sharifi-Rad, M., Setzer, W.N., Cádiz-Gurrea, M.d.l.L., Segura-Carretero, A., Şener, B. and Sharifi-Rad, J. 2018. Nepeta species: From farm to food applications and phytotherapy. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 80: 104-122.
    26.
  26.  Salehi, P., Abedini, N., Sonboli, A., Aliahmadi, A. and Ayyari, M. 2015. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Ajania semnanensis essential oil in two growing stages. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 27 (2): 96-100.
    27.
  27. Sarikurkcu, C., Eskici, M., Karanfil, A. and Tepe, B. 2019. Phenolic profile,   and antioxidant activities of two endemic Nepeta species: Nepeta nuda subsp. glandulifera and N. cadmea. South African Journal of Botany, 120: 298-301.‏
    28.
  28. Sefidkon, F., Jamzad, Z. and Mirza, M. 2006. Chemical composition of the essential oil of five Iranian Nepeta species (N. crispa, N. mahanensis, N. ispahanica, N. eremophila and N. rivularis). Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 21: 764-767.
    29.
  29. Sharifi-Rad, M., Epifano, F., Fiorito, S. and Álvarez-Suarez, J.M. 2020. Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts. Plants, 9: 646.
    30.
  30. Sonboli, A., Salehi, P. and Yousefzadi, M. 2004. Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of the essential oil of Nepeta crispa Willd. From Iran. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 59(9-10): 653-656.
    31.
  31. Talebi, S.M., Nohooji, M.G., Yarmohammadi, M., Khani, M. and Matsyura, A. 2019. Effect of altitude on essential oil composition and on glandular trichome density in three Nepeta species (N. sessilifolia,
    N. heliotropifolia and N. fissa). Mediterranean Botany, 40(1): 81-93.‏
    32.
  32. Talebi, S.M., Nohooji, M.G. and Yarmohammadi, M. 2020. Essential oil analysis of eight Nepeta taxa in Iran. Mediterranean Botany, 41(1): 43-53.‏
    33.

سکوی نشر دانش

سند یا سکوی نشر دانش ،سامانه ای جهت مدیریت حوزه علمی و پژوهشی نشریات دانشگاه آزاد می باشد

پیوندهای سایت

مراکز مرتبط

پشتیبانی

صفحات رسمی

حقوق این وب‌سایت متعلق به سامانه مدیریت نشریات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی است.
حق نشر © 1403-1400

صفحه اصلی| عضویت/ ورود| درباره سند| تماس با ما|
[English] [العربية] [en] [ar]