بررسی و مقایسه فیتوشیمیایی و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی جمعیت های مختلف بومی شیرین‌بیان ( Glycyrrhiza glabra L) در ایران

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

قاسم اقلیما ¹ ( گروه علوم باغبانی - دانشکده کشاورزی - دانشگاه زنجان )
محسن ثانی خانی ² ( گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان. زنجان ایران )
عزیزاله خیری ³ ( عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه زنجان )
جواد هادیان ⁴ ( عضو هیئت علمی پژوهشکده گیاهان و مواد اولیه دارویی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی )
میترا اعلائی ⁵ ( گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان ، ایران )

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/09/12 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/05/13 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/06/01

کلید واژه: تجزیه کلاستر, ترکیبات فنلی, فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی, شیرین‌بیان,

چکیده مقاله :

شیرین بیان (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) گیاهی است از تیره پروانه‌آساها، علفی، چند ساله و ایران یکی از کشورهای صادر کننده ریشه آن محسوب می شود. این گیاه در مناطق مختلف ایران رویش دارد از این رو بررسیتنوع فیتوشیمیایی مناطق مختلف حائز اهمیت است. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی محتوای ترکیبات فنلی و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی ریشه های به قطر 2 سانتی‌متر از جمعیت‌های شیرین‌بیان در 15 استان و 30 منطقه ایران در سال 1396مهرماه برداشت و جهت آنالیز به آزمایشگاه‌های گروه باغبانی دانشگاه زنجان منتقل شد. صفات فنل کل (روش فولین سیکالتو)، فلاونوئید کل (روش آلومینیوم کلراید)، آنتوسیانین (روش اختلاف pH) و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی (روشDPPH) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس داده ها نشان داد که در بین 30 جمعیت از نظر تمامی صفات در سطح یک درصد اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود دارد. صفات فنل کل بین 05/456 تا 826 میلی‌گرم گالیک اسید بر 100 گرم، فلاونوئید کل بین 25/1019 تا 62/2291میلی‌گرم کوئرسیتن بر 100 گرم، میزان آنتوسیانین بین 89/6 تا 24/26 میلی گرم سیانیدین- 3- گلوکوزید در لیتر، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی بین 07/62 تا 14/87 درصد متنوع بود. همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری بین صفت فنل کل با فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی در سطح یک درصد مشاهده شد، ولی با صفات فلاونوئید کل، آنتوسیانین و ارتفاع همبستگی معنی‌داری وجود نداشت. براساس نتایج حاصل از تجزیه کلاستر، 30 جمعیت شیرین‌بیان در دو گروه اصلی قرار گرفتند. ارزیابی جمعیت‌های از نظر صفات فیتوشیمیایی تنوع بالایی را نشان داد که جمعیت‌های N، KA، BA، T، E، Y، M، MR و SB را می‌توان به

چکیده انگلیسی:

Glycyrrhiza glabra L. is a family of Legominos, herbaceous, perennial and Iran is one of the countries exporting its root. This plant grows in different regions of Iran, hence the study of phytochemical diversity in different regions is important. This study was carried out to evaluate the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of 2 cm diameter roots of licorice populations in 15 provinces and 30 regions of Iran in 2017 in October and were transferred to the laboratories of the Department of Horticulture of Zanjan University. Total phenol (Folin–Ciocalteu method), total flavonoid (Aluminum Chloride method), anthocyanin (pH difference method) and antioxidant activity (DPPH method) were studied. The results of analysis of variance of data showed that among 30 populations, for all traits, there was a significant difference in the level of one percent. Total phenol traits ranging from 456.05 to 826 mg gallic acid per 100 g, total flavonoid between 1909.25 to 292.62 mg of quercetin per 100 g, anthocyanin levels ranging from 6.89 to 26.24 mg cyanidine-3-glucoside in Liter, the antioxidant activity varied between 62.07% and 87.14%. There was a significant and positive correlation between phenol total phenotype and antioxidant activity at 1% level, but there was no significant correlation with total flavonoid, anthocyanin and height. Based on the results of cluster analysis, 30 G. glabra were divided into two main groups. The evaluation of populations in terms of phytochemical traits showed a high variation that N, KA, BA, T, E, Y, M, MR, and SB populations

منابع و مأخذ:

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