اثر روغن فرار میخک (Syzygium aromaticum) و ویتامین ‌C بر بازده رشد، مورفولوژی پرزهای روده و پاسخ ایمنی به واکسن زنده نیوکاسل به‌دنبال مصرف کادمیوم در آب آشامیدنی بلدرچین ژاپنی

محورهای موضوعی : آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی

شهاب بهادران ¹ , میلاد بابااحمدی میلانی ² , حسین حسن پور ³ , عزیزالله فلاح مهرجردی ⁴

1 - دانشیار گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
2 - دانش‌آموخته دکترای تخصصی بهداشت و بیماری‌های طیور، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
3 - استاد گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
4 - دانشیار گروه بهداشت و کنترل کیفی مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/08/14 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/02/23 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/05/01

کلید واژه: ویتامین C, کادمیوم, بلدرچین, مورفولوژی روده, میخک,

چکیده مقاله :

آلودگی محیط زیست و مواجهه شغلی با فلزات سمی مانند جیوه، کادمیوم و سرب موجب ایجاد بیماری های مزمن و بدخیمبا عوارض قابل ملاحظه ای در اکثر بافت های بدن می شود. افزایش تولید رادیکال های آزاد و کاهش توان آنتی‌اکسیدانی به عنوان اصلی ترین عامل بروز ضایعات ناشی از مسمومیت با کادمیوم مطرح است. هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر روغن فرار میخک و ویتامین C بر بازده رشد، مورفولوژی پرزهای روده و پاسخ ایمنی به واکسن زنده نیوکاسل در بلدرچین های مواجهه داده شده با کادمیوم بود. تعداد 240 قطعه جوجه بلدرچین ژاپنی یک‌روزه به 8 گروه 30 قطعه‌ای با 3 تکرار 10 قطعه ای تقسیم‌بندی گردید. گروه های 1 و 8 جیره پایه، گروه های 2 و 7 جیره پایه به علاوه ppm 500 ویتامین C در جیره، گروه‌های 3 و 5 جیره پایه به علاوه 150 میلی‌گرم روغن فرار میخک به ازای هر کیلوگرم جیره، گروه های4 و 6 جیره پایه به علاوه450 میلی‌گرم روغن فرار میخک به ازای هر کیلوگرم جیره دریافت کردند. به آب آشامیدنی گروه های 1، 2، 3 و 4 در کل دوره آزمایش (35-7 روزگی) ppm 40 کلریدکادمیوم اضافه شد. در سن 21 روزگی از هر گروه، تعداد 9 نمونه خون گرفته شده و در سن 35 روزگی هم، از سه قسمت روده (دئودنوم، ژژونوم و ایلئوم) تعداد 9 قطعه جوجه از هر گروه، نمونه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که جوجه های گروه های 6 و 7 وزن بدنی، اندازه پرز و سطح جذب بیشتری نسبت به گروه کنترل داشتند (05/0p <). همچنین جوجه های گروه های 2، 4 و 8 نسبت به گروه 1، دارای اندازه و سطح جذب پرز بیشتری در قسمت‌های مختلف روده بودند (05/0p <). به‌طور کلی نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که افزودن ویتامین C و روغن فرار میخک به جیره غذایی بلدرچین ژاپنی، بر شاخص‌های رشد و سطح جذب پرزهای روده تاثیر مثبت داشته و سبب کاهش اثرات منفی کادمیوم بر وزن بدن و سطح جذب پرزهای روده در پرندگان مذکور می شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Environmental pollution and occupational exposure to toxic metals, such as mercury, cadmium and lead, causes chronic and malignant diseases with significant complications in the majority of body tissues. Increased production of free radicals and reduced antioxidant activity is considered as the main factor for the incidence of lesions resulting from cadmium poisoning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of clove essential oil and vitamin C on growth performance, intestinal villi morphology and immune response to Newcastle live vaccine of Japanese quails challenged with cadmium. A total of 240 one-day old quails were divided into 8 groups with 30 quails in each group (3 replicates with 10 birds). Groups 1 and 8 received basal diet; groups 2 and 7 basal diet + 500 ppm vitamin C in the diet; groups 3 and 5 received basal diet + 150 mg/kg of the diet clove essential oil; and groups 4 and 6 received basal diet + 450 mg/kg of the diet clove essential oil. Cadmium chloride (40 ppm) was added to the drinking water of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 during the experimental period (days 7-35). On day 21, 9 blood samples were collected from each group and segments of duodenum, jejunum and ileum of 9 quails from each group were isolated and sampled on day 35. The results indicated that groups 6 and 7 had significantly (p < /em><0.05) greater body weight, villi dimensions and absorptive surface than the control group. Also groups 2, 4 and 8 had a significant increase of the intestinal villi dimensions and absorptive surface in different segments of the intestine compared to group 1 (p < /em><0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that adding vitamin C and clove essential oil to the diet of Japanese quails had positive effects on growth parameters and intestinal villi absorptive surface and also alleviated the negative effects of cadmium on body weight and intestinal villi absorptive surface in these birds.

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