Grammatical Competence Development of Nursery School Children Acquiring Persian
محورهای موضوعی : language teachingFarhad Tayebipour 1 , محمد جواد ریاستی 2
1 - Department of English, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
2 - Department of English, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
کلید واژه: First Language, child directed speech, mean length of utterance, grammatical competence development, grammatical judgment test,
چکیده مقاله :
This qualitative study is conducted to answer four questions: First, whether there is a difference between the grammatical competence development of a group of children aged 2.6 (two years and six months) and a group of children aged 3.6 (three years and six months). Second, whether there is a significant difference between the two age groups concerning their Mean Length of Utterance (MLU). Third, whether there is a relationship between the children’s MLU and that of the caretakers. Fourth, whether the normal limit proposed by Brown (1973) is observed in the acquisition of Persian. To this end, language samples of six children and their caretakers’ were recorded during a six-week period and studied afterwards. The results indicated neither an unequivocal yes nor a definitive no answer to the question of age difference and grammatical competence development, that is to say, in some cases there was a difference whereas in some other cases there was no difference at all. As for the difference between the two age groups concerning their MLU, there was a significant difference between the two. However, no significant relationship was found between the children’s MLU and their caretakers’. Finally, the limit proposed by Brown (1973) was observed in the acquisition of Persian.
هدف از انجام مطالعه کمی حاضر، پاسخگویی به چهار سوال است: نخست اینکه آیا تفاوتی بین توسعه دانش دستوری کودکان 2.6 ساله و کودکان 3.6 ساله وجود دارد. دوم اینکه آیا تفاوت معنی داری بین این دو گروه سنی از نظر میانگین طول پاره گفتار (MLU) وجود دارد. سوال سوم به رابطه بین میانگینطولپارهگفتار کودکان و مربیان آنها می پردازد. چهارم اینکه آیا محدوده طبیعی پیشنهادی براون (1973) در فراگیری زبان فارسی مشاهده می شود. به این منظور شش نمونه زبانی مربوط به کودکان و مربیان مهد کودک در طی یک دوره زمانی شش هفته ای جمع آوری و سپس مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج مطالعه از لحاظ تفاوتهای سنی و توسعه دانش دستوری نشان داد که هیچ پاسخ قطعی یا مثبتی برای این سوال وجود ندارد. یعنی در برخی موارد تفاوت هایی مشاهده شد و در برخی موارد دیگر هیچ تفاوتی مشاهده نشد. همچنین از لحاظ میانگینطولپارهگفتار، تفاوت معنی داری بین دو گروه سنی مشاهده شد. اما هیچ تفاوت معنی داری در میانگینطولپارهگفتار بین کودکان و مربیان مشاده نشد. در نهایت مشخص شد که محدوده طبیعی پیشنهادی براون (1973) در فراگیری زبان فارسی وجود دارد.
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