A Case Study of the Bam Earthquake to Establish a Pattern for Earthquake Management in Iran
محورهای موضوعی : Space Ontology International Journal
Keramatollah Ziari
1
,
Reza Ziari
2
,
Somayeh Ziari
3
1 - Professor of Town and Regional Planning, Faculty of Geography, Department of Geography and Town Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 - Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 - Alborz International Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
کلید واژه: Iran, Earthquake, Management Pattern, disaster, infrastructure, City of Bam,
چکیده مقاله :
The field of crisis management knowledge and expertise is associated with a wide range of fields. Knowledge-based crisis management is a combination of science, art and practice. Iran is an earthquake-prone country. Through years several earthquakes have happened in the country resulting in many human and financial losses. According to scientific standards, the first 24 hours following an earthquake is the most valuable time for saving victims. Yet in the case of Bam only 5% of the victims were rescued within the first 48 hours. The success of disaster management is evaluated in terms of programming, raising public participation, organizing and hiring manpower, and supervising the management process. In this study disaster management is divided into three stages in which different actions are required. The stages and actions are explained in detail. Moreover, features, effects, and losses of the earthquake are described.
1) Amini Hosseini, K., Mahdavifar, M. R., Bakhshayesh, M. K. and Rakhshandeh, M., 2004. Engineering geology and geotechnical aspects of Bam earthquake (preliminary report), IIEES, Tehran (in Persian).
2) Assadian, A., 2005. Components of Virtual Power Plants and its role in decentralized energy market, B.S thesis, Khaje Nasir Tossi University of Technology (in Persian).
3) Atmanand, M., 2003. Insurance and disaster management: the Indian context, Disaster Prevention and Management, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 286-304.
4) Borbely, A. M., Kreider, J. F., 2001. Distributed Generation-The Power Paradigm for the New Millennium, CRC Press LLC.
5) Disaster Risk management, working concept, 2002.
6) Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI), 2004. Preliminary Observation on the Bam, Iran, Earthquake of December 26, 2003, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Oakland, CA.
7) Greenspan, A., 2007. Age of Turbulence, the Penguin Press, New York.
8) Gunn, S.W.A., 1995. Health effects of earthquakes, Disaster Prevention and Management, vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 6-10.
9) Mehrabian, A., Haldar, A., 2005. Some lessons learned from post-earthquake damage survey of structures in Bam, Iran earthquake of 2003. Structural Survey, vol. 23, no.3, pp. 180-192 (in Persian).
10) Mobaraki, O., Kashaniasl, A., 2014. The Role of Urban Planning In Crisis Management with an Emphasis on Earthquakes (A Case Study of Ahar City), International Journal of Basic Sciences & Applied Research. Vol., 3 (SP), 256-263.
11) Nateghi, F., Isadkhan, Y., 2004. Earthquake disaster management planning in health care facilities. Disaster Prevention and Management, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 130-135 (in Persian).
12) Nateghi, F., 2000. Disaster mitigation strategies in Tehran, Iran. Disaster Prevention and Management, Vol. 9, no.3, pp. 205-211 (in Persian).
13) Thywissen, K., 2006. Components of risk- A Comparative Glossary, Publication series of UNU-EHS, No. 2.
14) Ziari, K., 2002. Urban Land Use Planning, Yazd University Publication, Yazd (in Persian).
15) Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action for a Safer World (1994)
Websites
