مطالعة تطبیقی برنامه‌درسی کارشناسی رشته آموزش ابتدایی در ایران و کشورهای منتخب آسیایی- اقیانوسیه
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
فروغ تصدیقی
1
(
دانش‌آموخته دکتری برنامه‌ریزی درسی دانشگاه اصفهان، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، اصفهان، ایران.
)
محمدجواد لیاقت دار
2
(
استاد گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه اصفهان، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، اصفهان، ایران.
)
لطفعلی عابدی
3
(
دانشیار دانشگاه امام حسین، اصفهان، ایران.
)
کلید واژه: برنامه‌درسی, رشته آموزش ابتدایی, کارشناسی, بررسی تطبیقی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی برنامه‌درسی کارشناسی رشته آموزش ابتدایی در کشورهای آسیایی- اقیانوسیه و مقایسة آن با ایران بود. به این منظور از الگوی بردی و شیوه توصیفی-تحلیلی، استفاده شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش، دانشگاه‌های مجری این رشته در دو قاره آسیا و اقیانوسیه و اسناد مربوط به برنامه‌های درسی آن‌ها بود که پس از یک مطالعه مقدماتی، با توجه به تنوع صور ارائه این رشته در کشورهای مختلف، روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند استفاده شد و 6 دانشگاه مجری این رشته از چهار کشور انتخاب شدند. سپس برنامه‌درسی آن‌ها به‌وسیلة جداول و چک‌لیست‌های تحلیل محتوا استخراج گردید. به‌این‌ترتیب داده‌های خام توصیف، کدگذاری، مقایسه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده گویای تشابهات و تفاوت‌هایی در برنامه‌های درسی کشورهای موردمطالعه بود. ازجمله مهم‌ترین شباهت‌ها، ارائه دوره حضوری و تمام‌وقت، تأکید بر رشد صلاحیت‌های حرفه‌ای، تأکید بر دانش محتوای ابتدائی و ارائه دروس الزامی و کارآموزی بود؛ اما در مواردی مانند ضرورت فناوری اطلاعات، نحوه اجرا و تعداد واحد دوره‌های کارآموزی، ارائه واحدهای پژوهشی، توجه به دانش‌محتوا و ارائه فرصت‌های تکمیلی تفاوت‌هایی قابل‌مشاهده بود. بر همین اساس پیشنهاد‌هایی از قبیل اهمیت بیشتر قائل‌شدن برای برخی دروس، افزایش انعطاف‌پذیری برنامه، تحول در نحوه ارائه واحدهای پایان‌نامه، سمینار و کارآموزی برای برنامه‌درسی ایران ارائه شد.
The purpose of the current study was to investigate Bachelor Curriculumfor elementary education in selected Asia-Pacific and to compare it with Iran. So, Brady pattern and descriptive-analytic method were used. The study population comprised presenter universities of this major in Asia and Pacific and documents related to its curriculum. Due to variety forms of curriculums offered for this degree in different countries, after preliminary review, purposeful sampling method was used and 6 presenter universities of this major were selected from 4 countries. Then, their curriculum was extracted by some tables and content analysis checklists. Thus, raw data were described, coded, compared and analyzed. The obtained results indicated similarity and differences in study program of the investigated countries. Among the most significant was - such as in-person and full-time curriculums, emphasis on promoting professional competencies, and elementary schools content knowledge, and offering required and practicum courses. But, they were different in other aspects, such as: Necessity of IT, manner of presentation and number of credits of practicum courses, offered research credits, and attention to content knowledge and offered additional opportunities. Accordingly, some recommendations were given the course program in Iran, such as: giving more importance to some courses, promoting flexibility of the curriculum, evolution in the manner of presentation of dissertation, seminar and practicum courses.
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