دست‌یابی به پایداری زیست‌محیطی در مسکن امروزی به‌واسطه طبیعت

محورهای موضوعی : معماری و شهرسازی

نفیسه یاری بروجنی ¹ , مهدی سعدوندی ² , آرمین بهرامیان ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری معماری اسلامی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
2 - دکترای معماری، استادیار، عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران. *( مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دکترای معماری منظر، استادیار، عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/01/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/03/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/05/01

کلید واژه: پایداری زیست‌محیطی, مسکن, طبیعت, معماری,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: در خانه های امروزی ارتباط با طبیعت کم رنگ شده و ساکنان در حال حرکت به‌سوی تخریب محیط‌زیست پیرامون خود هستند. مساله این پژوهش، چگونگی ارتباط با طبیعت به‌عنوان یکی از اصول توسعه پایدار زیست‌محیطی در مسکن است و درصدد پاسخ به این پرسش است که ویژگی‌های مسکن سازگار با طبیعت در راستای تحقق اهداف پایداری زیست‌محیطی کدام‌اند؟ روش بررسی: جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از طریق متون کتابخانه‌ای صورت گرفته، سپس با تجزیه‌وتحلیل کیفی و روش توصیفی تحلیلی به تجزیه‌وتحلیل محتوای آن‌ها پرداخته است. در این راستا مؤلفه‌ها، اصول و جملات کلیدی پیرامون 3حوزه پایداری، طبیعت و مسکن استخراج گردید. بعدازآن مؤلفه‌ها و نکات به‌دست‌آمده دسته‌بندی شد. در ادامه نگارندگان به‌منظور دست‌یابی به ویژگی‌های مسکن موردنظر، به تحلیل و تطبیق این مؤلفه‌ها نسبت به یکدیگر پرداختند. درنهایت فهرستی شامل اقداماتی جهت تحقق این ویژگی ها حاصل گردید. یافته‌ها: نتایج حاکی از لزوم توجه به اقداماتی در راستای ارتباط بی‌واسطه با طبیعت، احیای محیط‌های طبیعی و همچنین حفظ منابع طبیعی، کاهش مصرف انرژی و افزایش دریافت نور خورشید، کاهش آلودگی‌های زیست‌محیطی، هم گونی فرم و شکل ساختمان با محیط‌زیست و نحوه انتخاب و استفاده از مصالح در پروسه طراحی خانه هستند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: به نظر می رسد با مدنظر قرار دادن حضور مستمر طبیعت در سازمان‌دهی فضاهای مسکن، حفظ پوشش گیاهی وضع موجود، احترام به شکل طبیعی سایت و ... بتوان مسکنی طراحی نمود که در جهت تقویت ارتباط ساکنان با طبیعت و در راستای اصول پایداری زیست‌محیطی مؤثر افتد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: In modern houses connection to nature is faded out and their habitats are approaching towards degrading their surrounding environment. This research investigates the ways by which we connect to nature as one of the principles of environmentally sustainable development in housing and also seeks to answer the questions that what the characteristics of nature-compatible housing are in order to fulfill the objectives of environmental sustainability. Method: Data collection was conducted through library resources, the analysis of qualitative and descriptive study was conducted to analyze their content. In this regard the components, principles and key sentences bases of the three spheres of sustainability, nature and housing were extracted. After that components and points obtained were classified. Then, in order to achieve the aimed housing characteristics, the components correlation to each other and their implementation was analyzed by authors. Eventually a list of measures necessary to achieve these characteristics was finalized. Findings: the results indicate that it is necessary to considering measures to communicate directly with nature, restoring the natural environment and conserving natural resources, reducing energy consumption and increasing exposure to sunlight, reducing environmental pollution, harmonizing form-shape of the building with the environment and appropriate materials selection and their implementation in the home design process one. Discussion and Conclusion: It seems by considering the constant presence of nature in the organization of housing spaces, preservation of existing vegetation, respecting the natural shape of the site and so on is able to design housing which maintains and strengthens the relationship between people and nature. This in turn falls in line with the principles of environmental sustainability.

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