بهینه‌سازی فرایند Soil washing در حضور ترکیبات Tween 80 و EDTA در حذف آلاینده‌های PAHs و کادمیوم از خاک‌های آلوده با روش BBD

محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی خاک

مطهره هراتی ¹ , روشنک رضایی کلانتری ²

1 - دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشگاه ایران، تهران، ایران.
2 - استاد تمام دانشکده بهداشت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/01/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/07/03 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/11/01

کلید واژه: کادمیوم, فرایند شستشوی‌خاک, EDTA, فنانترن, Tween 80,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: آلودگی ناشی از ترکیبات نفتی (PAHs) و فلزات سنگین به دلیل خاصیت تجمعی و سمیت بالا، باعث مشکلات عمده زیست محیطی می شود. این ترکیبات با آن که در هوا و آب ردیابی شده اند، اما خاک پذیرنده نهایی و اصلی به شمار می رود. شستشوى خاک با استفاده از سورفکتانت ها یک فن آورى فیزیکوشیمیایی با کارایی بالا جهت خروج فنانترن و کادمیوم از محیط خاکی و انتقال آن ها به فاز آبى می باشد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه که در سال 1396 انجام شده است، کارایی فرایند با روش طراحی باکس بنکن به همراه روش پاسخ سطح برای طراحی آزمایش و بهینه سازی پارامترهایی چون غلظت سورفکتانت در محدوده mg/L 1000، 1500 و 2000، زمان شستشو برابر 2، 12 و 24 ساعت با نسبت حجم محلول سورفاکتانت به خاک (ml/g) (v/w) 10، 20 و 30 بررسی شد. به نمونه های خاک آلوده با غلظت های بالایی از فنانترن (mg/kg 500) و کادمیوم (mg/kg 80)، سورفکتانت Tween 80 و EDTA اضافه شد. غلظت نهایی فنانترن و کادمیوم توسط دستگاه HPLC و دستگاه طیف سنج جذب اتمی (ASS) سنجش شد. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد کارایی فرایند در شرایط بهینه برای جداسازی 76% فنانترن و 81% کادمیوم در غلظت های جداگانه Tween 80 و EDTA به مقدار mg/L 2000 ، نسبت محلول سورفکتانت به خاک L/S (v/w) 30، زمان شستشو 2 ساعت به دست آمد. غلظت سورفکتانت (0001/0P<) تاثیرگزارترین متغیر است. بحث و نتیجه گیری: جداسازی فنانترن و کادمیوم از خاک از طریق فرایند شستشوی خاک به کمک سورفکتانت، روشی موثر در پاک سازی خاک های آلوده می باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Pollution caused by petroleum compounds (PAHs) and heavy metals due to their properties Cumulative and High toxicity Causing major environmental problems. These compounds, although detected in air and water, are the final and main receptive soil. Soil washing process using surfactants is a high-performance physicochemical technology for the removal of phenanthrene and cadmium from the soil environment and transferring them to the aqueous phase. Method: In this study, the efficiency of the process with the BBD method, with RSM, was designed to optimizing parameters such as surfactant concentration in the range 1000,1500 and 2000 mg/L, washing Time 2,12, 24 hours with L/S 10, 20 and 30 ml/g. To contaminated soil samples were added high concentrations Phenanthrene (500 mg/kg) and Cadmium (80 mg/kg), surfactant Tween 80 and EDTA. Findings: The final concentration of Phenanthrene and Cadmium was measured by HPLC and atomic absorption spectrometry (ASS). The results showed that the efficiency of the process under optimal conditions for the separation of 76% Phenanthrene and 81% Cadmium in separate concentrations of Tween 80 and EDTA was reached in 2000 mg/L, L/S 30 ml/g (v/w), washing time 2 hours. Surfactant concentration was the most influential variable in this regard (p< 0.0001). Discussion & Conclusion: The separation of phenanthrene and Cadmium from the soil through the help of surfactants is an effective technique for remediation of contaminated soil.  

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