Genetically modified foods: Pros and cons for human health
محورهای موضوعی : Food and HealthFatemeh Karami 1 , Peyman Mahasti Shotorbani 2
1 - Applied Biophotonic Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
کلید واژه: Genetically modified foods, Agriculture, Human health,
چکیده مقاله :
Genetically modified foods (GM foods) have revolutionized the agricultural industry towards more proficient farming in every geographical region of the world. The major tasks of this GM food technology could be summarized in four points including increase in food products, more convenient food processing, disease prevention and treatment and avoiding of using pesticides through the generation of pest-resistant crops. Although the GM foods technology had great advantages for human health, there are some concerns regarding biodiversity induced by modified plants, which can indirectly affect human being, as well. Further studies are warranted to define precisely the status of this technology in ecosystem in which human is living.
- Reed AJ, Magin KM, Anderson JS, Austin GD, Rangwala T, Linde DC, et al. Delayed ripening tomato plants expressing the enzyme 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid Deaminase. 1. Molecular characterization, enzyme expression, and Fruit Ripening Traits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 1995;43(7):1954-62.
- Jackson DA, Symons RH, Berg P. Biochemical method for inserting new genetic information into DNA of Simian Virus 40: circular SV40 DNA molecules containing lambda phage genes and the galactose operon of Escherichia coli. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1972;69(10):2904-9.
- Christou P, Twyman RM. The potential of genetically enhanced plants to address food insecurity. Nutrition Research Reviews. 2004;17(1):23-42.
- Byrnes BH, Bumb BL. Population growth, food production and nutrient requirements. Journal of Crop Production. 1998;1(2):1-27.
- Cho SW, Lee S, Shin W. The X-ray structure of Aspergillus aculeatus polygalacturonase and a modeled structure of the polygalacturonase-octagalacturonate complex. Journal of Molecular Biology. 2001;311(4):863-78.
- Murtaza MA, Ur-Rehman S, Anjum FM, Huma N, Hafiz I. Cheddar cheese ripening and flavor characterization: a review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2014;54(10):1309-21.
- Hafsa AB, Nabi N, Zellama MS, Said K, Chaouachi M. A new specific reference gene based on growth hormone gene (GH1) used for detection and relative quantification of Aquadvantage(R) GM salmon (Salmo salar L.) in food products. Food Chemistry. 2016;190:1040-5.
- Gibbon BC, Larkins BA. Molecular genetic approaches to developing quality protein maize. Trends in Genetics. 2005;21(4):227-33.
- Lyons GH, Stangoulis JC, Graham RD. Exploiting micronutrient interaction to optimize biofortification programs: the case for inclusion of selenium and iodine in the Harvest Plus program. Nutrition Reviews. 2004;62(6 Pt 1):247-52.
- White PJ, Broadley MR. Biofortifying crops with essential mineral elements. Trends in Plant Science. 2005;10(12):586-93.
- Dai JL, Zhu YG, Zhang M, Huang YZ. Selecting iodine-enriched vegetables and the residual effect of iodate application to soil. Biological Trace Element Research. 2004;101(3):265-76.
- Hartikainen H. Biogeochemistry of selenium and its impact on food chain quality and human health. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. 2005;18(4):309-18.
- Frossard E, Bucher M, Mächler F, Mozafar A, Hurrell R. Potential for increasing the content and bioavailability of Fe, Zn and Ca in plants for human nutrition. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2000;80(7):861-79.
- Bouis HE. Micronutrient fortification of plants through plant breeding: can it improve nutrition in man at low cost? The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2003;62(2):403-11.
- Bouis HE, Hotz C, McClafferty B, Meenakshi JV, Pfeiffer WH. Biofortification: a new tool to reduce micronutrient malnutrition. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. 2011;32(1 Suppl):S31-40.
- Gregorio GB. Progress in breeding for trace minerals in staple crops. The Journal of Nutrition. 2002;132(3):500S-2S.
- Sainz M, Calvo-Begueria L, Perez-Rontome C, Wienkoop S, Abian J, Staudinger C, et al. Leghemoglobin is nitrated in functional legume nodules in a tyrosine residue within the heme cavity by a nitrite/peroxide-dependent mechanism. The Plant Journal. 2015;81(5):723-35.
- Navascues J, Perez-Rontome C, Gay M, Marcos M, Yang F, Walker FA, et al. Leghemoglobin green derivatives with nitrated hemes evidence production of highly reactive nitrogen species during aging of legume nodules. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2012;109(7):2660-5.
- Cong L, Ran FA, Cox D, Lin S, Barretto R, Habib N, et al. Multiplex genome engineering using CRISPR/Cas systems. Science. 2013;339(6121):819-23.
- Barampuram S, Zhang ZJ. Recent advances in plant transformation. Methods in Molecular Biology. 2011;701:1-35.
- DeMayo FJ, Spencer TE. CRISPR bacon: a sizzling technique to generate genetically engineered pigs. Biology of Reproduction. 2014;91(3):79.
- Schultz JC, Appel HM, Ferrieri AP, Arnold TM. Flexible resource allocation during plant defense responses. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2013;4:324.
- Bikker P, Jongbloed AW, Thissen JT. Meta-analysis of effects of microbial phytase on digestibility and bioavailability of copper and zinc in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 2012;90(4):134-6.
- Al-Babili S, Hoa TT, Schaub P. Exploring the potential of the bacterial carotene desaturase CrtI to increase the beta-carotene content in Golden rice. Journal of Experimental Botany. 2006;57(4):1007-14.
- Hsieh HM, Liu WK, Huang PC. A novel stress-inducible metallothionein-like gene from rice. Plant Molecular Biology. 1995;28(3):381-9.
- Zhang J, Zhang M, Tian S, Lu L, Shohag MJ, Yang X. Metallothionein 2 (SaMT2) from Sedum alfredii Hance confers increased Cd tolerance and accumulation in yeast and tobacco. PLOS One. 2014;9(7):e102750.
- Frey J. Biological safety concepts of genetically modified live bacterial vaccines. Vaccine. 2007;25(30):5598-605.
- Clarke JL, Waheed MT, Lossl AG, Martinussen I, Daniell H. How can plant genetic engineering contribute to cost-effective fish vaccine development for promoting sustainable aquaculture? Plant Molecular Biology. 2013;83(1-2):33-40.
- Pelosi A, Shepherd R, Guzman GD, Hamill JD, Meeusen E, Sanson G, et al. The release and induced immune responses of a plant-made and delivered antigen in the mouse gut. Current Drug Delivery. 2011;8(6):612-21.
- Reboldi A, Arnon TI, Rodda LB, Atakilit A, Sheppard D, Cyster JG. IgA production requires B cell interaction with subepithelial dendritic cells in Peyer's patches. Science. 2016;352(6287):aaf4822.
- Concha C, Canas R, Macuer J, Torres MJ, Herrada AA, Jamett F, et al. Disease prevention: An opportunity to expand edible plant-based vaccines? Vaccines. 2017;5(2).
- Lamichhane A, Azegamia T, Kiyonoa H. The mucosal immune system for vaccine development. Vaccine. 2014;32(49):6711-23.
- Clarke JL, Paruch L, Dobrica MO, Caras I, Tucureanu C, Onu A, et al. Lettuce-produced hepatitis C virus E1E2 heterodimer triggers immune responses in mice and antibody production after oral vaccination. Plant Biotechnology Journal. 2017.
- Gregory JA, Mayfield SP. Developing inexpensive malaria vaccines from plants and algae. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2014;98(5):1983-90.
- Tacket CO. Plant-based vaccines against diarrheal diseases. Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association. 2007;118:79-87.
- Tacket CO. Plant-based oral vaccines: results of human trials. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. 2009;332:103-17.
- Mason HS, Ball JM, Shi JJ, Jiang X, Estes MK, Arntzen CJ. Expression of Norwalk virus capsid protein in transgenic tobacco and potato and its oral immunogenicity in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1996;93(11):5335-40.
- Herbst-Kralovetz M, Mason HS, Chen Q. Norwalk virus-like particles as vaccines. Expert Review of Vaccines. 2010;9(3):299-307.
- Joung YH, Park SH, Moon KB, Jeon JH, Cho HS, Kim HS. The Last Ten Years of Advancements in Plant-Derived Recombinant Vaccines against Hepatitis B. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016;17(10).
- Santi L, Huang Z, Mason H. Virus-like particles production in green plants. Methods. 2006;40(1):66-76.
- Rademacher T, Sack M, Arcalis E, Stadlmann J, Balzer S, Altmann F, et al. Recombinant antibody 2G12 produced in maize endosperm efficiently neutralizes HIV-1 and contains predominantly single-GlcNAc N-glycans. Plant Biotechnology Journal. 2008;6(2):189-201.
- Rubio-Infante N, Govea-Alonso DO, Romero-Maldonado A, Garcia-Hernandez AL, Ilhuicatzi-Alvarado D, Salazar-Gonzalez JA, et al. A plant-derived multi-hiv antigen induces broad immune responses in orally immunized mice. Molecular Biotechnology. 2015;57(7):662-74.
- Biemelt S, Sonnewald U, Galmbacher P, Willmitzer L, Muller M. Production of human papillomavirus type 16 virus-like particles in transgenic plants. Journal of Virology. 2003;77(17):9211-20.
- Greco R, Michel M, Guetard D, Cervantes-Gonzalez M, Pelucchi N, Wain-Hobson S, et al. Production of recombinant HIV-1/HBV virus-like particles in Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis thaliana plants for a bivalent plant-based vaccine. Vaccine. 2007;25(49):8228-40.
- Phoolcharoen W, Dye JM, Kilbourne J, Piensook K, Pratt WD, Arntzen CJ, et al. A nonreplicating subunit vaccine protects mice against lethal Ebola virus challenge. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2011;108(51):20695-700.
- Nemchinov LG, Liang TJ, Rifaat MM, Mazyad HM, Hadidi A, Keith JM. Development of a plant-derived subunit vaccine candidate against hepatitis C virus. Archives of Virology. 2000;145(12):2557-73.
- Aboul-Ata AA, Vitti A, Nuzzaci M, El-Attar AK, Piazzolla G, Tortorella C, et al. Plant-based vaccines: novel and low-cost possible route for Mediterranean innovative vaccination strategies. Advances in Virus Research. 2014;89:1-37.
- Chichester JA, Manceva SD, Rhee A, Coffin MV, Musiychuk K, Mett V, et al. A plant-produced protective antigen vaccine confers protection in rabbits against a lethal aerosolized challenge with Bacillus anthracis Ames spores. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. 2013;9(3):544-52.
- Rosales-Mendoza S, Tello-Olea MA. Carrot cells: a pioneering platform for biopharmaceuticals production. Molecular Biotechnology. 2015;57(3):219-32.
- Yao J, Weng Y, Dickey A, Wang KY. Plants as Factories for Human Pharmaceuticals: Applications and Challenges. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015;16(12):28549-65.
- Kytidou K, Beenakker TJM, Westerhof LB, Hokke CH, Moolenaar GF, Goosen N, et al. Human alpha galactosidases transiently produced in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves: New insights in substrate specificities with relevance for fabry disease. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2017;8:1026.
- Jobsri J, Allen A, Rajagopal D, Shipton M, Kanyuka K, Lomonossoff GP, et al. Plant virus particles carrying tumour antigen activate TLR7 and Induce high levels of protective antibody. PLOS One. 2015;10(2):e0118096.
- Hefferon K. Reconceptualizing cancer immunotherapy based on plant production systems. Future Science OA. 2017;3(3):FSO217.
- Hilder VA, Gatehouse AMR, Sheerman SE, Barker RF, Boulter D. A novel mechanism of insect resistance engineered into tobacco. Nature. 1987;330(6144):160-3.
- Green JM, Owen MD. Herbicide-resistant crops: utilities and limitations for herbicide-resistant weed management. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2011;59(11):5819-29.
- Iquebal MA, Soren KR, Gangwar P, Shanmugavadivel PS, Aravind K, Singla D, et al. Discovery of putative herbicide resistance genes and its regulatory network in chickpea using transcriptome sequencing. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2017;8:958.
- Shoba D, Raveendran M, Manonmani S, Utharasu S, Dhivyapriya D, Subhasini G, et al. Development and Genetic Characterization of a novel herbicide (imazethapyr) tolerant mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Rice. 2017;10(1):10.
- Yu XD, Liu ZC, Huang SL, Chen ZQ, Sun YW, Duan PF, et al. RNAi-mediated plant protection against aphids. Pest Management Science. 2016;72(6):1090-8.
- Saumet A, Lecellier CH. Anti-viral RNA silencing: do we look like plants? Retrovirology. 2006;3:3.
- Yang H, Peng Y, Tian J, Wang J, Hu J, Song Q, et al. Review: biosafety assessment of Bt rice and other Bt crops using spiders as example for non-target arthropods in China. Plant Cell Reports. 2017;36(4):505-17.
- Baktavachalam GB, Delaney B, Fisher TL, Ladics GS, Layton RJ, Locke ME, et al. Transgenic maize event TC1507: Global status of food, feed, and environmental safety. GM Crops & Food. 2015;6(2):80-102.
- Szenasi A, Palinkas Z, Zalai M, Schmitz OJ, Balog A. Short-term effects of different genetically modified maize varieties on arthropod food web properties: an experimental field assessment. Scientific Reports. 2014;4:5315.
- Cook-Patton SC, McArt SH, Parachnowitsch AL, Thaler JS, Agrawal AA. A direct comparison of the consequences of plant genotypic and species diversity on communities and ecosystem function. Ecology. 2011;92(4):915-23.
- Romeis J, Meissle M, Bigler F. Transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins and biological control. Nature Biotechnology. 2006;24(1):63-71.
- Warwick SI, Beckie HJ, Hall LM. Gene flow, invasiveness, and ecological impact of genetically modified crops. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2009;1168:72-99.
- Chapman MA, Burke JM. Letting the gene out of the bottle: the population genetics of genetically modified crops. The New Phytologist. 2006;170(3):429-43.
- Liu N, Zhu P, Peng C, Kang L, Gao H, Clarke NJ, et al. Effect on soil chemistry of genetically modified (GM) vs. non-GM maize. GM Crops. 2010;1(3):157-61.
- Report of the EFSA GMO Panel Working Group on Animal Feeding Trials. Safety and nutritional assessment of GM plants and derived food and feed: the role of animal feeding trials. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2008;46(1):S2-70.