اصول و روش های مدیریت خشم در بوستان سعدی: دلالت هایی برای مدیران آموزشی

محورهای موضوعی : آموزش و پرورش

لیلا خواجه پور ¹ , علی رضا یوسفی ² , نرگس کشتی آرای ³

1 - دانشجوی دکترای فلسفه تعلیم و تربیت ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان( خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران
2 - استاد گروه آموزش پزشکی،مرکز تحقیقات آموزش پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان،ایران
3 - دانشیار ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، واحد اصفهان ( خوراسگان)اصفهان ، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/06/14 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/02/30 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/02/01

کلید واژه: مدیران آموزشی, مدیریت خشم, اخلاق, عاطفه, بوستان سعدی, تحلیل مفهوم,

چکیده مقاله :

خشم با عواقب مخرب همراه است و بدین ‌‌دلیل مورد توجه روان‌شناسان، اندیشمندان اخلاق و تعلیم‌ و‌تربیت‌ است و هر یک از آنان به نحوی راهکارهای مدیریتی آن را مورد مطالعه قرارداده‌اند. سعدی از بزرگ‌ترین ادیبان جهان است که عنایت ویژه‌ای به مسائل اخلاقی، عاطفی و تربیتی داشته است و استخراج نکات نهفته آثار او رسالتی بالقوه است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش شناسایی، استخراج اصول و روش‌های«مدیریت خشم» در بوستان سعدی و کاربرد آن برای مدیران آموزشی  است.پژوهش حاضر با روش تحلیل مفهوم انجام گرفت است. حوزه پژوهش در این مطالعه بوستان سعدی است و نمونه با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری نظری انتخاب شد. فهرست کدگذاری مفاهیم به‌دست‌آمده از مدیریت‌خشم در دیدگاه سعدی نشان‌ داد که 1-مدیریت خشم شامل چهار اصل نیک‌نگرانه، فروتنانه، جوانمردانه و آسان‌گیری است 2- روش‌های نیک‌نگرانه شامل: تعقل‌در‌عمل، رعایت آداب‌سخن، مصلحت‌‌‌‌‌‌‌اندیشی، عاقبت‌اندیشی، روش‌های فروتنانه شامل: تواضع‌داشتن و انتقاد‌ پذیربودن، روش‌های جوانمردانه شامل: نکویی‌بابدان، ایثار وگذشت، داشتن انصاف، همدلی‌کردن، روش‌های آسان‌گیری شامل: تحمل و بردباری، نوع‌‌‌‌دوستی، بخشش، مدارا، صلح‌طلبی و نرم‌‌‌خویی است. خشم و مدیریت آن از منظر سعدی ضمن آموزش مفاهیم اخلاقی و عواطف عالیه بشری به‌کاربرده شده و مقوله‌های به‌دست‌آمده این پژوهش می تواند الگوی عمل مدیران‌آموزشی و برنامه‌ریزان درسی باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Anger is associated with destructive consequences; therefore, it is of great interest to psychologists, ethical and education scholars and thinkers each of which has somehow studied its management solutions. Sa’adi is one of the world's greatest literary scholars who has a particular interest in ethical, emotional and education issues, and the extraction of hidden implications from his works is a potential mission. The main aim of the present research is to identify the principles and methods of "anger management” in Sa'adi’s Būstān and its application to education administrators. The present study was conducted using the theme analysis method. The research area in this study is Sa'adi’s Būstān and the sample was selected using theoretical sampling method. The coding list of themes derived from anger management in Sa’adi's view revealed that: 1. Anger management includes four principles of goodness, humility, fairness, and easygoingness. 2- goodness methods include contemplation in action, formality of speech, pragmatism, and farseeing; humility methods include self-criticism; fairness methods include goodness with the bad, self-sacrifice, fairness, empathy; and easygoingness methods consist of tolerance, altruism, forgiveness, peace seeking, and pacifism. Anger and its management from Sa’adi’ perspective have been used in teaching moral concepts and high human emotions, and the categories achieved by this research can be a model for the practice of education administrators and curriculum planners.

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