برساخت زنانگی در گفتمان تشکلهای اصولگرا زنان، تاکتیک ها و سازوکارهای گفتمانی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
محمد تقی کرمی قهی
1
(دانشیار گروه مطالعات زن و خانواده، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.)
طاهره خزائی
2
(دانش‌آموخته‌ی دکتری جامعه شناسی، دانشکده جامعه‌شناسی، دانشگاه بوردو، بوردو، فرانسه.)
کلید واژه: ایران, جنسیت, تحلیل گفتمان, برساخت زنانگی, گفتمان اصولگرا,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف مطالعهی چگونگی برساخت سوژهی زنانگی در تشکلهای اصولگرای زنانه به تحلیل گفتمان متنهای منتشر شده توسط مرکز تحقیقات زن و خانواده وابسته به حوزهی علمیهی خواهران قم و شورای فرهنگی- اجتماعی زنان وابسته به شورای عالی انقلاب فرهنگی، در بازهی زمانی سالهای ۱۳۸۱ تا ۱۳۸۹ پرداخته است. یافتهها نشان می‌دهد این گفتمان از سه منظر بدن، میل جنسی و نقش های جنسیتی به زنانگی نگریسته و سه تاکتیک گفتمانی محرک خواندن بدن زنانه، به رسمیت نشناختن میل جنسی زن و قداست خانواده و زن در مقام مادر و همسر را در برساخت زنانگی بهکار میگیرد. این گفتمان با برساخت دوگانهی خود و دیگری نظام سرمایهداری غرب، سوژهی زنانگی را در قالب دو دسته ابژه مطیع و سرکش بازنمایی کرده به‌طوری‌که ابژههای مطیع، را به عنوان الگوهای مطلوب تکثیر کرده و ابژههای مقاوم را با هدف اعمال هرچه بیشتر قدرت و انقیاد سوژهی زنانه طرد کرده و به حاشیه میراند تا در نهایت، با بازتولید ساختارهای امتیاز دهندهی سنتی و قانونی برای مردان سرپرستی ایشان بر زنان را در سطوح خرد و کلان تداوم بخشد.
In this article, we examined how femininity is constructed in some Osoolgara (conservative) discourses in Iran. Hence, we tried to study two main conservative organizations such as the Women's Studies & Research Center, which is affiliate to Hozeye Elmiye (Seminary), and Social and Cultural Council for Women. In doing so, based on discourse analysis, we focused on these two association’s statements and legislations in which we traced the process of feminine subjectivity formation. So, we paid attention to discursive mechanisms and tactics which are implicitly used in these materials. All in all, the results show that, women’s representation centered on four axes: body, sexual desire, gender roles and cultural invasion. In addition, women are the subject of four discursive tactics namely considering female body as hysteric body, degradation or disrespect of women sexual desire, sanctifying the family and women’s roles in family as a mother or wife, and rejection of the idea of western instrumental approach to the women. Accordingly, by identifying discursive tactics, we contend that, the dominant discourse of these two associations prioritize women’s traditional roles which reinforce masculine domination.
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