تأثیر سنتز سبز کیتوزان با عصاره یولاف زراعی بر جوانه زنی تاج خروس (Amaranthus retroflexus)
محورهای موضوعی : تکنولوژی بذر
علی عبادی
1
(
استاد، فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه تولید و ژنتیک به نژادی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
)
فاطمه احدنیا
2
(
دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل ، ایران
)
کلید واژه: دگرآسیبی, رهایش, علف‌های هرز, گیاهان پوششی, نانوذره,
چکیده مقاله :
یولاف زراعی (Avena sativa L.) دارای خاصیت دگرآسیبی است و می¬تواند به عنوان گیاهان پوششی مؤثر برای مهار رشد علف¬های¬هرز عمل کند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر عصاره آبی و عصاره فرموله شده یولاف زراعی با نانوذرات کیتوزان بر جوانه¬زنی تاج خروس ریشه قرمز (Amaranthus retroflexus) در سال 1400 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل نوع عصاره (عصاره آبی یولاف زراعی و عصاره فرموله شده آن با نانوذرات کیتوزان) و شش غلظت شاهد (آب مقطر و کیتوزان بدون عصاره گیاهی)، 10، 50، 100، 150 و 200 گرم در لیتر بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل نوع عصاره و غلظت‌های مختلف به‌طور معنی‌داری بر صفات مورد ارزیابی در سطح احتمال یک درصد تأثیرگذار بود. درصد جوانه¬زنی در عصاره آبی یولاف زراعی و عصاره فرموله شده آن با نانوذرات کیتوزان در غلظت¬های 100، 150 و 200 به ترتیب صفر، 66/16، 33/15 و 33/5 درصد بود. همچنین افزایش غلظت عصاره فرموله شده با کیتوزان باعث کاهش در سرعت جوانه¬زنی (46/85، 95/87 و 10/96 درصد)، میانگین درصد جوانه¬زنی روزانه (75/82، 20/84 و 49/94 درصد)، شاخص بنیه گیاهچه (53/85، 60/87 و 71/97 درصد) و شاخص همگام¬سازی (76/45، 90/47 و 14/75 درصد) تاج خروس ریشه قرمز در مقایسه با کیتوزان بدون عصاره گیاهی شد. این یافته¬ها نشان می¬دهد که عصاره آبی یولاف زراعی بازدارندگی بیشتری بر جوانه¬زنی علف¬هرز تاج خروس ریشه قرمز داشت.
Oats (Avena sativa L.) possess allelopathic properties and can serve as effective cover crops to inhibit weed growth. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the aqueous extract and formulated extract of oats with chitosan nanoparticles on the germination of red root pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) in the year 2021. The experiment was designed using a factorial based on a completely randomized design, with three repetitions. The experimental treatments included the type of extract (aqueous extract of oats and formulated extract of oats with chitosan nanoparticles) and six control concentrations (distilled water and chitosan without plant extract), 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/L. The results of the study demonstrated that the interaction between the type of extract and different concentrations significantly affected the evaluated traits at the probability level of 1%. The percentage of germination in the aqueous extract of oats and its formulated extract with chitosan nanoparticles in concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 were zero, 16.66, 15.33, and 5.33%, respectively. Also, increasing the concentration of the extract formulated with chitosan caused a decrease in germination rate (85.46, 87.95, and 96.10%), mean daily germination percentage (82.75, 84.20, and 94.49%), seedling vigor index (85.53, 87.60 and 97.71%) and synchronization index (45.76, 47.90 and 14.75%) of the red root pigweed compared to chitosan without plant extract. These findings suggest that of the aqueous extract of oats had a greater inhibition on the germination the red root pigweed weed.
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