تأثیر سنتز سبز کیتوزان با عصاره یولاف زراعی بر جوانه زنی تاج خروس (Amaranthus retroflexus)
الموضوعات :
علی عبادی
1
(استاد، فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه تولید و ژنتیک به نژادی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
فاطمه احدنیا
2
(دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل ، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: دگرآسیبی, رهایش, علف‌های هرز, گیاهان پوششی, نانوذره,
ملخص المقالة :
یولاف زراعی (Avena sativa L.) دارای خاصیت دگرآسیبی است و می¬تواند به عنوان گیاهان پوششی مؤثر برای مهار رشد علف¬های¬هرز عمل کند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر عصاره آبی و عصاره فرموله شده یولاف زراعی با نانوذرات کیتوزان بر جوانه¬زنی تاج خروس ریشه قرمز (Amaranthus retroflexus) در سال 1400 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل نوع عصاره (عصاره آبی یولاف زراعی و عصاره فرموله شده آن با نانوذرات کیتوزان) و شش غلظت شاهد (آب مقطر و کیتوزان بدون عصاره گیاهی)، 10، 50، 100، 150 و 200 گرم در لیتر بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل نوع عصاره و غلظت‌های مختلف به‌طور معنی‌داری بر صفات مورد ارزیابی در سطح احتمال یک درصد تأثیرگذار بود. درصد جوانه¬زنی در عصاره آبی یولاف زراعی و عصاره فرموله شده آن با نانوذرات کیتوزان در غلظت¬های 100، 150 و 200 به ترتیب صفر، 66/16، 33/15 و 33/5 درصد بود. همچنین افزایش غلظت عصاره فرموله شده با کیتوزان باعث کاهش در سرعت جوانه¬زنی (46/85، 95/87 و 10/96 درصد)، میانگین درصد جوانه¬زنی روزانه (75/82، 20/84 و 49/94 درصد)، شاخص بنیه گیاهچه (53/85، 60/87 و 71/97 درصد) و شاخص همگام¬سازی (76/45، 90/47 و 14/75 درصد) تاج خروس ریشه قرمز در مقایسه با کیتوزان بدون عصاره گیاهی شد. این یافته¬ها نشان می¬دهد که عصاره آبی یولاف زراعی بازدارندگی بیشتری بر جوانه¬زنی علف¬هرز تاج خروس ریشه قرمز داشت.
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