Developing an Appropriate Model for Entrepreneurial Faculty of Agriculture in Iran

محورهای موضوعی : Education and training

نگین فلاح‌حقیقی ¹ , مسعود بیژنی ² , احمد رضوانفر ³ , ناصر ولی‌زاده ⁴

1 - استادیار آموزش کشاورزی و کارآفرینی، پژوهشکده مطالعات فناوری‌های نوین، سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
3 - استاد گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران
4 - دانشجوی دکتری ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/09/30 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/07/23 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/08/10

کلید واژه: Iran, Entrepreneurship Model, Entrepreneurial Faculty,

چکیده مقاله :

Nowadays, promoting entrepreneurship to train graduates endowed with entrepreneurial traits is considered as one of the new functions of the faculties of agriculture. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to design an appropriate model for entrepreneurial faculty of agriculture in Iran. This study was of descriptive-correlational research type in which a survey method was employed for data collection. The study population comprised all students (N1=19973) and faculty members (N2=713) of all faculties of agriculture in Iran's state-run (public) universities of whom 403 students and 344 faculty members were sampled by multi-staged (three-stage) method. The sample size was determined by Krejcie and Morgan's sample size table. The research instrument was a self-designed questionnaire whose face and content validity were confirmed by a panel of experts. The diagnostic validity of the questionnaire in the case of its latent variables was also confirmed using the average variance extracted method (0.76≤AVE≤0.87). Furthermore, its internal consistency (0.81≤α≤0.93) and composite reliability (0.80≤Pc≤0.91) were confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The collected data were also analyzed using SPSS22 and LISREL9.1. The results showed a significant relationship between structural, content, and contextual factors and entrepreneurship of faculties of agriculture. Meanwhile, content factors showed the greatest effect (path coefficient = 0.83) on the entrepreneurship of agricultural faculties. According to the findings, the final proposed model was developed with respect to the factors listed in three categories of education, research, and entrepreneurship for the establishment of entrepreneurial faculties of agriculture in Iran.

چکیده انگلیسی:

امروزه، توسعه کارآفرینی به‌منظور تربیت دانش‌آموختگانی که دارای ویژگی‌های کارآفرینانه باشند، یکی از کارکردهای نوین دانشکده‌های کشاورزی، قلمداد می‌شود. در این راستا، هدف پژوهش حاضر، طراحی مدل مناسب دانشکده کشاورزی کارآفرین در ایران بود. این پژوهش، از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی ـ همبستگی بود که در آن برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از فن پیمایش بهره‌گرفته شد. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانشجویان (19973N1=) و اعضای هیأت‌ علمی (713N2=) دانشکده‌های کشاورزی دانشگاه‌های دولتی ایران بودند که از میان آنها، 403 نفر از دانشجویان و 344 نفر از اعضای هیأت ‌علمی با استفاده از جدول نمونه‌گیری کرجسی و مورگان و روش نمونه‌گیری چند مرحله‌ای (سه مرحله) انتخاب شدند. ابزار اندازه‌گیری، پرسشنامه‌ای محقق‌ساخته بود که روایی ظاهری و محتوایی آن با استفاده از پانل متخصصان و روایی تشخیصی متغیرهای نهفته آن با بهره‌گیری از روش تعیین شاخص میانگین واریانس استخراج شده (87/0≥AVE≥76/0) مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. همچنین، پایایی دسته‌گویه‌های آن با استفاده از آزمون کرونباخ آلفا (93/0≥α≥81/0) و پایایی ترکیبی (91/0≥Pc ≥80/0) تأیید گردیدند. اطلاعات گردآوری‌شده، با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای SPSS22 و LISREL9.1  مورد تحلیل و آزمون قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که بین عوامل ساختاری، محتوایی و زمینه‌ای با کارآفرین شدن دانشکده‌های کشاورزی ایران رابطه معنی‌داری وجود دارد.  در این میان، عوامل محتوایی دارای بیشترین تأثیر (83/0= ضریب تأثیر) بر کارآفرینی دانشکده‌های کشاورزی بودند. در پایان، بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش، مدل پیشنهادی نهایی با توجه به عوامل ذکر شده در سه محور آموزش، پژوهش و کارآفرینی برای ایجاد دانشکده‌ کشاورزی کارآفرین در ایران ارائه گردیده است.

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