تحلیل فضایی نظام شهری منطقة شمال ایران (سال های 1335 تا 1395)

محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای

عامر نیک پور ¹ (دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران)
میلاد حسنعلی زاده ² (دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/10/11 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/02/03 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/12/01

کلید واژه: تمرکز, نخست شهری, نظام شهری, تعادل, منطقه شمال,

چکیده مقاله :

با مطالعه سیستم های شهری نحوه پخشایش و میزان تعادل در توزیع جمعیّت مشخص تر می شود. این مقاله با هدف بررسی تحوّلات نظام شهری منطقه شمال کشور جهت مشخص کردن وضعیّت تعادل آن تدوین شده است. روش تحقیق از نوع توصیفی - تحلیلی بوده و مبنای آماری داده ها، نتایج سرشماری های عمومی نفوس و مسکن کشور در 8 دوره گذشته است. در این مقاله ضمن طبقه بندی شهرهای منطقه طی 60 سال گذشته، از شاخص های نخست شهری شامل نخست شهر، دو شهر، کینزبرگ، مهتا، موماو و الوصابی، تسلّط موسوی و شاخص های تمرکز شامل هرفیندال، هندرسون و شاخص های تعادل شامل آنتروپی، ضریب تغییرات و رتبه - اندازه جهت بررسی نظام شهری منطقه استفاده شده است. نتایج حاصل از شاخص های نخست شهری و تمرکز نشان می دهد که میزان نخست شهری و تمرکز از سال 1335 تا 1365 روندی کاهشی داشته امّا از سال 1365 تا 1390 روند صعودی یافته است تا اینکه در سال 1395 مجدداً روند نزولی در پیش می گیرد. نتایج شاخص های تعادل نیز نشان می دهد که عدم تعادل و توازن در توزیع فضایی جمعیّت در نظام شهری منطقه از سال 1335 تا سال 1395 همواره افزایش یافته است. نتایج شاخص رتبه - اندازه نیز بیانگر وجود اختلاف نسبتاً زیاد بین جمعیت واقعی و جمعیّت مطلوب شهرهای منطقه طی سال های مورد مطالعه و همچنین اهمیت نسبی شهرهای میانی از سال 1335تا سال 1355 و تسلط نخست شهری از سال 1355 تا سال 1395 می باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

By studying urban systems, it becomes more specific the condition distribution and measure balance of population distribution. This article is being Compilation by aim the study changes in the urban system of the northern region to determine its equilibrium situation. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the basis of statistical data is the results of general census of population and housing in the past 8 years. In this paper, classifying the cities of the region over the past 60 years, used of indexes urban primacy includes primate city, tow city, Ginsberg, Mehta, moomaw and alwosabi, dominance mosavi and indexes centralization includes herfindahl, Henderson and indexes Balance includes entropy, coefficient of variation, rank-size to study the urban system of the region. The results perquisite from urban primary indexes and centralization it shows the measure urban primacy and centralization from 1335 to 1365 the trend has been decreasing but from 1365 to 1390 the trend has been on the upside until it in 1395 rebounds Slightly trend has been declines. The results of the indexes Balance also show the imbalance in the spatial distribution of the population in the urban system of the region from 1335 to 1395 has always increased. The results of the rank-size index also is indicate a relatively large difference between the actual population and the desirable population of the cities of region during the studied years and also, the relative importance of middle cities from 1335 to 1355 and domination of urban primary from 1355 to 1395.

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