تبیین نقش نوآوری فن‌آورانه در موقعیت راهبردی سازمان (مورد مطالعه: شرکت فولاد مبارکه‌ی اصفهان)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بارزرگانی- استراتژیک
منظر سبحانی مهر
1
(دانشجوی دکترای گروه مدیریت، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)
محمد محمودی میمند
2
(دانشیار گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران (نويسنده مسئول) )
کلید واژه: موقعیت راهبردی, نوآوری فن‌آورانه, راهبردهای تمایز, تمرکز, هزینه,
چکیده مقاله :
با توجه به پیشرفت روزافزون فن‌آوری‌های متنوع و اهمیت آن‌ها برای بقا و رقابت بین‌المللی شرکت‌ها در صنایع مختلف، تدوین و اجرای راهبردهای صحیح و متناسب هر سازمان با توجه به ظرفیت‌ها و توانمندی‌های فن‌آورانه‌ی ویژه‌ی آن بسیار حایز اهمیت است. هدف این تحقیق نیز، شناسایی و اولویت بندی مولفه‌های نوآوری فن‌آورانه و بررسی نقش آن‌ها در موقعیت راهبردی سازمان ها با رویکرد کمّی است. برای مطالعه حاضر، از روش تحقیق کمی (پرسشنامه) و ابزار مصاحبه به منظور استخراج بخشی از اطلاعات مورد نیاز استفاده گردید. جامعه‌ی آماری تحقیق، شرکت فولاد مبارکه‌ی اصفهان است و داده های تجربی با استفاده از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری به وسیله نرم‌افزار لیزرل مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که بین مولفه‌های نوآوری فن‌آورانه و موقعیت راهبردی سازمان روابط مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. به عبارت دیگر، برای سیاست‌گذاری و بهبود عوامل نوآوری فن‌آورانه در سازمان‌ها می‌توان از راهبردهای متناسب با هریک از آن‌ها استفاده نمود. لذا، مجتمع فولاد مبارکه‌ی اصفهان به منظور کسب جایگاه رقابتی برتر باید عوامل نوآوری فن‌آورانه را به طورهمزمان با استفاده از راهبردهای درست و مناسب به کار گیرد و نوآور و پیشرو باشد. همچنین، مدلی برای بررسی رابطه بین مولفه ها ارایه گردید که با توجه به نتایج تحقیق تایید شد. براساس یافته-های این تحقیق، عوامل خروجی نوآوری فن‌آورانه نسبت به سایر مولفه‌ها کمترین اثرگذاری را بر راهبرد هزینه این شرکت دارد.
Considering the ever-increasing progress of various technologies and their importance for the survival and international competition of companies in various industries, it is very important to formulate and implement the correct and appropriate strategies of each organization according to its special technological capacities and capabilities. This study aims to identify the technological innovation components of the organization and examine their role in the strategic position of the organization. For the present study, quantitative research method (questionnaire) and interview tool were used in order to extract part of the required information. The statistical community of the research is the Esfahan's Mobarakeh Steel Company, and the experimental data were analyzed using structural equation modeling by Lisrel software. The results of this research show that there are positive and significant relationships between the components of technological innovation and the strategic position of the organization. In other words, for policymaking and improvement of technological innovation factors in organizations, appropriate strategies can be used for each of them. Therefore, in order to gain a superior competitive position, Esfahan's Mobarakeh Steel Complex must apply the factors of technological innovation at the same time using the right and appropriate strategies and be innovative and progressive. Also, a model was presented to investigate the relationship between the components, which was confirmed according to the research results. Based on the findings of this research, the output factors of technological innovation have the least effect on the cost strategy of this company compared to other components.
– Aghazadeh, H., Hasangholipour Yasori, T., Latifi, M., Mehrnosh, M. & Soleimani, S. (2019). Developing a Sales Model Based on Open Innovation in the Building Industry (Case Study: Iranian Atlas Construction Group). Journal of Business Management, 11(2), 221-240. (in Persian)
– Boronat, C. & Sempere, F. (2016). On process innovation capabilities in SMEs: a taxonomy of process-oriented innovative SMEs. Journal of Small Business Management, 54, 113-134. DOI:10.1111/jsbm.12293
– Bowen, F. E., Rostami, M., & Steel, P. (2010). Timing is everything: A meta-analysis of the relationships between organizational performance and innovation. Journal of Business Research, 63(11), 1179-1185.
– Bucherer, E., Eisert, U. & Gassmann, O. (2012). Towards systematic business model innovation: lessons from product innovation management. Creativity and Innovation Management, 21, 183–198. DOI: 10.11111/j.1467-8691.2012.00637.x
– Davelaar, E. J. & P. Nijkampt (1989). "Spatial Dispersion of Technological Innovation: A Case Study for the Netherlands by Means of Partial Least Squares." Journal of regional science. 23(03).
– Dehghanpouri, H., Sarlab, R., Chavoshi, S. R. & Donyapour, H. (2020). Investigating the Effect of Marketing Intelligence on the Competitiveness of Online Sports Stores with the Mediating Role of Innovative Performance. New Marketing Reserch Journal. 3 (38). PP 57-80. Doi: 10.22108/nmrj.2020.123233.2136. (in Persian)
– Dubuisson S., Kabla I., (1999). Innovations et compétences. Compte rendu d'une réflexion collective. In D. Foray et J. Mairesse (dir.), Innovations et pelformances - Approches interdisciplinaires. (pp.213-226). Paris: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales.
– Eskandari, M., Kidirkhaljani, J. & Arabi, S. M., (2019). Coordination model of product and process innovation strategies based on the framework of competing values. Management Improvement Quarterly, 5th year, vol. 2. (in Persian)
– Exposito, A. & Sanchis, J.A. (2019). The relationship between types of innovation and SMEs’ performance: a multi-dimensional empirical assessment. Eurasian Bus Rev, 9,115-135. DOI: 10.1007/s40821-018-00116-3
– Fartash, Kiarash & Habibi Ashtiani, Alireza (2022).Impact of Business Model Innovation on the
performance of Sharif S&T Park Tenants. Journal of Business Management,14(3),401-417.
https://doi.org/10.22059/JIBM.2022.328536.4180 (in Persian)
– Ferguson, G. (2008). Commercialisation Models-a review of the literature on existing commercialisation models. Rumour Control consultancy.
– Garosi Mokhtarzadeh, N. & Zamani, M., (2015). Examining the effects of market orientation and management innovation on firm performance: The mediating role of technological innovation. Journal of Business Management, 7 (2), p. 46-484. (in Persian)
– Guan, J. C. R.; Mok, N. Ma., & Yam, C. K. (2006). A study of the relationship between competitiveness and technological innovation capability based on DEA models, European Journal of Operational Research, 170.
– Hamidizadeh, M. & Tarhande, F. (2011). Explaining the positioning strategies of economic enterprises. Scientific Research Journal of Farda Management, 11(30), pp. 107-117. (in Persian)
– Hamidizadeh, M. R. Haji Karimi, A. A. & Latifi, M. M., (2012). Explanation and evaluation of strategic positioning of economic enterprises. Strategic Management Studies Journal, No. 9, pp. 35-54. (in Persian)
– Karampour, A., Asadollahi Dehkordi, E. & Ahmadi, H., (2014). Desiging a model of assessing the effects of competitive strategy and technological innovation on export performance based on competitive environment (Case study: Ceramic tile industry in Iran). Journal of Business Management. 6 (3), p. 6-646. (in Persian)
– Khayati, Lilia Hedfi, Koubaa, Manel Belghuith, Zouaoui, Mahmoud, (2014), Technological Innovation and Business Strategy: A Cognitive Mapping Approach, International Journal of Research in Management & Business Studies (IJRMBS 2014), p. 134.
– Lawson, B, Samson, D. (2001). Developing innovation capability in organisations: a dynamic capabilities approach. International Journal of Innovation Management. Vol.5, No.3, September.
– Le, H. A. (2019). Access to finance and innovation in small and medium enterprises. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3450916
– Mahdi, O. R., & Nassar, I. A. (2021). The Business Model of Sustainable Competitive
Advantage through Strategic Leadership Capabilities and Knowledge Management
Processes to Overcome COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability, 13(17), 9891.
– Mehraban, F., Arasti, M., Karamipour, A. & Moatar Hosseini S. M. (2014). Presentation of a model for measuring the capability of technological innovation and its impact on the innovation performance of the company. International Conference on Management, Economics and Industrial Engineering. P. 1-11. (in Persian)
– Michel, S., Brown, S. W., & Gallan, A. S. (2008). An expanded and strategic view
of discontinuous innovations: deploying a service-dominant logic. Journal of
the Academy of Marketing Science, 36(1), 54-66.
– Moldner, A.K., Garza-Reyes, J. A. & Kumar, V. (2018). Exploring lean manufacturing practices' inflence on process innovation performance. Journal of Business Research, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.09.002
– Nazemi, S.; Vesal, H. (2016). Determining the competitive position of a product using decision-making models with multiple criteria, Daneshwar Behavat, 14 (23). (in Persian)
– Nhung Do, H., Chi Do, L., Dung Tran, M., Tuan Dao, A. & Dung Tran, T. T. (2022). The Impact of Technological Innovation on the Performance of Vietnamese Firms. Iranian Journal of Management Studies, 16(1): 299-321. (in Persian)
– Norouzi, Hossein; Nosrat Panah, Rasoul & Barani, Samad (2022). The Influence of Digital Leadership on Firm Performance in Dynamic Environments: The Role of Dynamic Capabilities, Business Model Innovation, and Sustainable Competitive Advantage. Journal of Business Management, 14(3), 445- 474. https://doi.org/10.22059/JIBM.2022.333405.4290 (in Persian)
– Pornpitakpan, C., Yuan, Y. and Han, J.H., (2017), “The effect of salespersons' retail service quality and consumers' mood on impulse buying”. Australas. Mark. J. Vol. 25, pp. 2–11.
– Porter (1980), L’avantage concurrentiel. Paris: Dunod.
– Razavi, S. M. H., Ramezanpoor Nargesi, G., Hajihoseini H & Akbari M., (2016). The impact of technological innovation capabilities on competitive performance of Iranian ICT firms, Iranian Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 855-882. (in Persian)
– Thi Canh, N., Liem, N. T., Anh Thu, P. & Khuong N. V. (2019). The Impact of Innovation on the Firm Performance and Corporate Social Responsibility of Vietnamese Manufacturing Firms. Journal of sustainability, 11, 3666. www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability
– Thornhill, S., (2006). Knowledge, innovation and firm performance in high- and low-technology regimes, Business Venturing, vol. 21, 687 - 703.
– Tidd, J. (1989). Flexible atumation, Frances Pinter, London.
– Tidd, J. and Bessant, J. (2009). Managing Innovation: Integra ting Technological, Market and Organizational change. John Wiley & Sons lnc.
– Tremblay, D.G. (2003), “Innovation, management stratégique et économie: comment la théorie économique rend elle compte de l’innovation de l’entreprise”, Note de recherche 2003-21 de la chaire de recherche du canada.
– Turker, M. V. (2012). A model proposal oriented to measure technological innovation capabilities of business firms – a research on automotive industry. International Conference on Leadership, Technology and Innovation Management, Turkey, p. 3.
– Urabe, K. (1988). Innovation and the Japanese management system. In K. Urabe, J. Child, & T. Kagono (Eds.), Innovation and management international comparisons. P 3-25. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
– Vares, H., Heidari, A., & Akbari, M. (2018). Investigating the Relationship between
Strategic Sensemaking and Business Model Innovation. Journal of Business Management, 10(2),
487 – 507. (in Persian)
– Walker, Orville C. Boyd, Harper W. Mullins, John. Claude Lersh, Jean (2013), Marketing strategy with a decision-oriented approach, translated by S. M. Arabi & D. Ezadi, first edition, Tehran: Cultural Research Office, pp. 315-342.
– Wan, D.; Lee, F. & Ong, C.H. (2005). Determinants of firm innovation in Singapore, Technovation, 25 (3), 261-268.
– Wesly, J., Kristiana, V., Bong, T., & Saputra, N. (2021). Pengaruh Digital Leadership, Total Quality Management, dan Knowledge Management terhadap Sustainability Management pada Perusahaan di DKI Jakarta. Studi Ilmu Manajemen dan Organisasi, 2(2), 97-124.
– Westkamper, E. (2014). Towards the re-industrialization of Europe: A concept for manufacturing for 2030. Berlin, Germany: Springer.
– Yam, R., J. C. Guan, K. F. Pun and E. P. Tang (2004). "An audit of technological innovation capabilities in Chinese firms: some empirical findings in Beijing China", Research policy 33 (8), 1123–1140.
