امپریالیسم زبانی و جهانی شدن در محتوی آموزشی زبان انگلیسی در ایران: تحلیل دیدگاه آموزگاران زبان و اسناد بالادستی نظام جمهوری اسلامی ایران در مواجهه با چالش ها و سلطه فرهنگی غرب
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی تحقیقات سیاسی و بین المللی
مصطفی رفیعی
1
,
حسن سلیمانی
2
,
حامد برجسته
3
1 - Ph.D. دانشجو، گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، واحد آیت الله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آمل، ایران.
2 - دانشیار، گروه زبان‌شناسی کاربردی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
3 - دانشیار، گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، واحد آیت الله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آمل، ایران
کلید واژه: جهانی شدن, امپریالیسم زبانی, برنامه درسی آموزش زبان, آموزش زبان انگلیسی, هژمونی زبان انگلیسی,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر به بررسی برداشت آموزگاران زبان انگلیسی ایرانی و همچنین سیاست گذاران نسبت به پدیده امپریالیسم زبانی و جهانی شدن در برنامه درسی آموزش زبان انگلیسی و ارتباط بین عوامل زمینه ای و نگرش امپریالیسم زبانی پرداخته است. برای انجام این پژوهش، 674 آموزگار زبان انگلیسی ایرانی و هشت نفر از مقامات عالی رتبه ایران که مسئول طراحی و تدوین اسناد ملی در مجمع تشخیص مصلحت نظام، شورای انقلاب فرهنگی و وزارت علوم و تحقیقات و فنّاوری اطلاعات هستند برای شرکت در پژوهش دعوت شدند. با استفاده از مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری ، داده های کمّی جمع آوری شده تجزیه و تحلیل شد و برای داده های کیفی از روش تحلیل محتوا استفاده شد. یافته ها تأثیر قابل توجه عوامل فرهنگی و زمینه ای را در شکل دادن به نگرش آموزگاران و سیاست گذاران نسبت به امپریالیسم زبانی نشان داد. به منظور حفظ هویّت فرهنگی و زبانی دانش‌آموزان همراه با یادگیری زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان جهانی، این رویکرد می‌تواند به دانش آموزان کمک کند تا به افزایش مهارت‌های زبانی خود بپردازند و همزمان ارتباطات بین‌المللی را تسهیل نماید. بنابراین اعضای جامعه و به طورخاص برنامه ریزان، آموزگاران، زبان آموزان و والدین باید به ماهیّت و پیامدهای فرهنگی، اجتماعی و سیاسی این زبان توجه داشته باشند و آن را ابزار ارتباطی بی طرف تلقی نکنند.
The study has investigated the perception of Iranian EFL teachers and policymakers towards the phenomenon of linguistic imperialism and globalization in the English language teaching curriculum and the relationship between contextual factors and the attitude toward linguistic imperialism. To conduct this research, 674 Iranian EFL teachers and eight high-ranking officials of Iran who are responsible for designing and compiling national documents in the Expediency Recognition Council, the Cultural Revolution Council, and the Ministry of Science, Research, and Information Technology were invited to participate in the research. Using structural equation modeling, the collected quantitative data was analyzed and the content analysis method was used for qualitative data. The findings showed the significant influence of cultural and contextual factors in shaping the attitude of educators and policymakers toward linguistic imperialism. To preserve the cultural and linguistic identity of students along with learning English as a global language, this approach can help students to increase their language skills and at the same time facilitate international communication. Therefore, the members of society specifically the planners, teachers, language learners, and parents should pay attention to the nature and cultural, social, and political consequences of this language and not consider it as a neutral communication tool.
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