شناسایی، تعیین روابط و سطح‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر موفقیت یادگیری الکترونیکی در دانشگاه‌های پیام‌نور استان آذربایجان شرقی
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت آموزشی
مجید واحدی
1
1 - استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/02/19
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/06/14
تاریخ انتشار : 1395/08/01
کلید واژه:
عوامل کلیدی موفقیت,
یادگیری الکترونیکی,
مدل‌سازی ساختاری تفسیری,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر، با هدف شناسایی، تعیین روابط و سطح‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر موفقیت یادگیری الکترونیکی در دانشگاه انجام شده است. روش پژوهش، از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر گردآوری داده‌ها توصیفی- تحلیلی می‌باشد. جامعه آماری، شامل مدیران و استادان دانشگاه های پیام‌نور استان آذربایجان شرقی در حوزه علوم‌تربیتی و مدیریت آموزشی می‌باشد. تعداد افراد جامعه آماری 45 نفر می باشد که به علت کم بودن تعداد، کل جامعه مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. برای جمع آوری داده ها، از دو پرسشنامه محقق ساخته استفاده شده است. روایی محتوایی پرسشنامهها با استفاده از نظریات متخصصان این زمینه بررسی و تأیید شد. برای بررسی پایایی پرسشنامهها ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای پرسش نامه اول 0/96 و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون با آزمون مجدد برای پرسشنامه دوم 0/93 برآورد شده است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون t تک نمونه‌ای و برای تعیین روابط و سطح بندی عوامل مؤثر از مدل‌سازی ساختاری تفسیری (ISM) استفاده شده است. نتایج آزمون t برای 18 عامل شناسایی شده، بیانگر این است که همه عوامل بر موفقیت یادگیری الکترونیکی در دانشگاه تأثیرگذار و کلیدی می‌باشند و میانگین آنها بیش از حد متوسط می‌باشد. هم‌چنین، نتایج تحلیل ISM و قدرت نفوذ- میزان وابستگی بر روی عوامل مؤثر نشان می دهد که عوامل در چهار سطح وابسته، مستقل، پیوندی، نفوذ دسته‌بندی می‌شوند و در خوشه‌های ارتباط و وابسته قرار دارند. عوامل فنی و پشتیبانی، مدیریتی و راهبردی و عوامل آموزشی و محتوا، نسبت به سایر عوامل از تأثیرگذاری بیشتری بر موفقیت یادگیری الکترونیکی در دانشگاه‌های پیام‌نور استان آذربایجان شرقی دارند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The purpose of the present study was to identify and determine the relations and ranking factors affecting the success of e-learning at university. The research method based on aim was a practical and based on data gathering was descriptive-analytical. The statistical population included managers and professors of Payame Noor University of East Azerbaijan province in the field of educational science and management. The statistical population was 45 people who were all selected as sample due to low number of the total population. For data collection, two researcher made questionnaires were used. Content validity of the questionnaire were reviewed and approved. To verify the reliability of the first questionnaire Cronbach alpha was calculated 0.96 and for the second questionnaire the test-retest correlation coefficient was estimated 0.93. To analyze the data one sample t test was used. In order to determine the relations and ranking factors, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) were used. The results of the t test for identified 18 factors, indicated that all key factors influencing the success of e-learning in universities and their mean was above average. Also, the results of the ISM analysis and influence of power- dependence on factors showed that the factors are classified into four levels: Dependent, autonomous, linkage and intrusive which were located in connected and dependent clusters. Technical and support factors, management and strategic and educational factors and content, compared to other factors, exert more influence on the success of e-learning in universities.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Fresen, J. W. (2010). Factors influencing the lecturer uptake of e-learning. Teaching English with Technology, 11(1), 81-97.
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Ghaffari Majlaj, M., Pir Alidehi, A., & Farzi, F. (2015). Analysis of influential factors to application information and communication technology. Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences, 6(1(21)), 37-54. (in Persian).
Govindasamy, T. (2002). Successful implementation of e-learning pedagogical considerations. Internet and Higher Education, 4, 287-299.
Henderson, A. J. (2003). The e-learning question and answer book: A survival guide for trainers and business managers. Amacom Books.
Hodavand, S., & Kashanchi, A. (2013). The factors affecting e-learning. Strategiesfor Medical Education, 2(6), 90-93. (in Persian).
Kanuka, H., & Anderson, T. (2007). Ethical issues in qualitative elearning research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 6(2), 20-39.
Khan, B. H. (2000). A framework for web-based learning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.
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Lin, C. C., Ma, Z., & Lin, R. C. P. (2011). Re-examining the critical success factors of e-learning from the EU perspective. International Journal of Management in Education, 5(1), 44-62.
McNaught, C., Phillips, R., Rossiter, D., & Winn, J. (2000). Developing a framework for a useable and useful inventory of computer-facilitated learning and support materials in Australian universities. Canberra, ACT: Department of Employment Training, and Youth Affairs.
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Wang, Y. S., Wang, H. Y., & Shee, D. Y. (2007). Measuring e-learning systems success in an organizational context: Scale Development and Validation. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(1), 1792-1808.
Yaghoubi, J., Malek Mohammadi, A., Iravani, H., & Attaran, M. (2009). Desirable characteristics of students and faculty members of the e-learning in higher education, students view a virtual periods. Research and Planning in Higher Education, 47, 159-173. (in Persian).
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Alizadeh, M., Faghih Aram, B., Mahdizadeh, A. (2015). Determining the main factors causing the tendency to e-learning among the professors of Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch. Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences, 5(3(19)), 83-99. (in Persian).
Aminpour, F. (2007). E-learning in universities and higher education institutions. National Studies on Librarianship and Information Organization, 69, 217-228. (in Persian).
Baghersad, V., Alizadeh, M., Saied, B. S. (2013). Identify key success factors for
e-learning entrepreneurship in universities in Tehran. Entrepreneurship Development, 5(3), 85-104. (in Persian).
Bordbar, A., Naghizadeh, M., Zegardi, B., & Laghayi, T. (2010). Investigating and prioritizing the factors affecting the successful implementation of e-learning from the point of view of faculty members in Fasa University of Medical Sciences. TheHorizons of Medical Education Expansion, 1(4), 48-54. (in Persian).
Eghbal, M., Yaghobi, A., Hossei Tabaghdehi, L. (2015). Factors affecting
e-learning success at universities. Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences, 6(1(21)), 71-85. (in Persian).
Elahi, S., Kanani, F., & Shayan, A. (2011). Designing a framework for factors affecting virtual students’ tendency to e-learning and its measurement. Researchand Planning in Higher Education, 60, 59-80. (in Persian).
Emami, H. (2010). Key success factors in e-learning and preparation exact departments in medical education. Hospital, 3(4), 57-67. (in Persian).
Faisal, M., Banwet, D. K., & Shankar, R. (2006). Supply chain risk mitigation: Modelling the enablers. Business Process Management, 12(4), 535-552.
Feizi, K., & Rahmani, M. (2004). Electronic learning in Iran; problems and solutions with emphasis on higher education. Research and Planning in Higher Education, 10(3), 99-120 (in Persian).
Fresen, J. W. (2010). Factors influencing the lecturer uptake of e-learning. Teaching English with Technology, 11(1), 81-97.
Frimpon, M. F. (2012). A re-structuring of the critical success factors for e-learning deployment. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 2(3), 115-127.
Ghaffari Majlaj, M., Pir Alidehi, A., & Farzi, F. (2015). Analysis of influential factors to application information and communication technology. Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences, 6(1(21)), 37-54. (in Persian).
Govindasamy, T. (2002). Successful implementation of e-learning pedagogical considerations. Internet and Higher Education, 4, 287-299.
Henderson, A. J. (2003). The e-learning question and answer book: A survival guide for trainers and business managers. Amacom Books.
Hodavand, S., & Kashanchi, A. (2013). The factors affecting e-learning. Strategiesfor Medical Education, 2(6), 90-93. (in Persian).
Kanuka, H., & Anderson, T. (2007). Ethical issues in qualitative elearning research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 6(2), 20-39.
Khan, B. H. (2000). A framework for web-based learning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.
Khan, B. H. (2005). Learning features in an open, flexible and distributed environmrnt. AACE Journal, 13(2), 137-153. (in Persian).
Liaw, S. S. (2008). Investigating students’ perceived satisfaction, behavioral intention, and effectiveness of e-learning: A case study of the blackboard system. Computers & Education, 51, 864-873.
Lin, C. C., Ma, Z., & Lin, R. C. P. (2011). Re-examining the critical success factors of e-learning from the EU perspective. International Journal of Management in Education, 5(1), 44-62.
McNaught, C., Phillips, R., Rossiter, D., & Winn, J. (2000). Developing a framework for a useable and useful inventory of computer-facilitated learning and support materials in Australian universities. Canberra, ACT: Department of Employment Training, and Youth Affairs.
Mcpherson, M. (2002). Organisational critical success factors for managing elearning implementation. Paper presented at the International Conference on Computers in Education.
Mohammadkhani, K., Mohammad Davoudi, A. H., Jalali, A. (2014). Evaluating factors influencing success of virtual education in research institute of Petroleum Industry. Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences, 5(1(17)), 143-162. (in Persian).
Monahan, T., McArdle, G., & Bertolotto, M. (2008). Virtual reality for collaborative e-learning. Computers & Education, 50, 1339-1353.
Papp, R. (2000). Critical success factors for distance learning. AMCIS 2000 Proceedings, 104.
Puri, G. (2012). Critical success factors in e-learning- An empirical study. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(1), 149-161.
Samadi, V. (2010). Factors affecting the quality of students' e-learning. Fifth National Conference and Second International Conference on E-Learning & Education. Tehran, Iran on December 10 and 11. (in Persian).
Sun, P. C., Tsai, R. J., Finger, G., Chen, Y. Y., & Yeh, D. (2008). What drives a successful e-learning? An empirical investigation of the critical factors influencing learner satisfaction. Computers &Education, 50, 1183-1202.
Testa, M. G., & Freitas, H. M. R. (2003). Critical success factors of e-learning programs: An exploratory study in the Brazilian context. Retrieved from http:// www.ufrgs.br/gianti/files/artigos/2003/2003_132_AIM.pdf
Wang, Y. S., Wang, H. Y., & Shee, D. Y. (2007). Measuring e-learning systems success in an organizational context: Scale Development and Validation. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(1), 1792-1808.
Yaghoubi, J., Malek Mohammadi, A., Iravani, H., & Attaran, M. (2009). Desirable characteristics of students and faculty members of the e-learning in higher education, students view a virtual periods. Research and Planning in Higher Education, 47, 159-173. (in Persian).
