Number 1 Volume 1

Open Access Article

1 - Cyanobacteria are a rich source of anticancer drugs
bahareh Nowruzi

The increase in cancer mortality as a result of excessive use of chemical drugs has made it one of the deadliest diseases worldwide. For this reason, most of the research today is focused on natural medicinal products. As a result, the aim of this article is to review t More

The increase in cancer mortality as a result of excessive use of chemical drugs has made it one of the deadliest diseases worldwide. For this reason, most of the research today is focused on natural medicinal products. As a result, the aim of this article is to review the anticancer properties of cyanobacteria in the pharmaceutical and medical industry. To write this article, both the experiences and articles of the authors of the article and the latest articles available in the Web of Science, Pub Med, Google Scholar, Scopus and ScienceDirect databases have been used. Natural products are an important source of new medicinal compounds that not only have medicinal value, but are also used as building models for creating synthetic analogs. In the meantime, secondary marine metabolites extracted from cyanobacteria as a desirable source of potential new medicinal active compounds have structural diversity and diverse biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial and anti-tumor properties. This review article examines the potential of compounds and metabolites of cyanobacteria as anticancer drugs and examines their chemical structure and mechanisms of actionof action. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Contamination of brucellosis in milk and cheese by Real time PCR
fatemeh Khodaverdipour Nazila Arbab Soleimani Yasaman Boroun

Brucella spp are small, immobile, gram-negative bacteria that are lacking capsules and formed like cocobacillus. Brucellosis is a zoonosis infection between humans and animals that can lead to miscarriages, fertility disorders, genital infections, reduction in milk pro More

Brucella spp are small, immobile, gram-negative bacteria that are lacking capsules and formed like cocobacillus. Brucellosis is a zoonosis infection between humans and animals that can lead to miscarriages, fertility disorders, genital infections, reduction in milk production, urethritis, and epididymitis in the original host, resulting in many medical disorders in patients and unnecessary treatment expenses. Moreover, farmers would end up facing significant economic losses. Despite advances in blood culture techniques and serological tests to detect specific antibiotics, there are still significant difficulties in the diagnosis of brucellosis; therefore, a new laboratory test is needed for a better examination. One of the most recent quantitative methods that have already caught the attention of many researchers is the detection of bacteria by Real Time PCR method. The aim of this study is to identify bacteria of the genus Brucella, both in milk and cheese samples, by the method of Real Time PCR. 25 samples of cow's milk and twenty-five samples of cheese were collected from different parts of Shahrekord city. DNA extraction was performed using the DNA extraction kit (Cinnagen company) for the molecular diagnosis. Then, by the use of Real Time PCR reaction (Corbett Rotor-Gene Model, manufactured in Australia), samples were studied. In this study, fifty samples were examined, and only two samples (4%) were diagnosed with Brucella abortus, meanwhile, there were no reports on infections by Brucella in the cheese samples. Conclusion: This study shows that molecular techniques such as Real Time PCR can be used as a complementary method for the detection of Brucella, alongside all the other common methods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Antibiotic resistance in patients with diabetic foot ulcers
Shima Shantiaee

Diabetes mellitus is a growing problem in today's modern societies. It is difficult to estimate the total number of people suffering from the disease. Approximately 20% of diabetic patients develop wound infections during their life Which in the absence of effective tre More

Diabetes mellitus is a growing problem in today's modern societies. It is difficult to estimate the total number of people suffering from the disease. Approximately 20% of diabetic patients develop wound infections during their life Which in the absence of effective treatment can disrupt the quality of life of these people. On the other hand, treatment of this complication is very costly. DFIs diabetic foot infections are one of the most important public health issues and the identification of microorganisms that cause microbial infections An antibiotic is good for finding an appropriate treatment. Meanwhile, many reports have shown that antibiotic resistance is rising dramatically. Therefore, early diagnosis of lesions and the rapid onset of antimicrobial treatment are essential for controlling infection and preventing complications and improving the quality of life. An antibiotic susceptibility test is needed to manage infection, which can help in choosing the best treatment options. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Determination of phenotypic and genotypic pattern of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates isolated from diabetic patients in Shahrekord
fatemeh Khodaverdipour Amin Roozbehi

Introduction: Preventing the spread of drug resistance is one of the most important issues in society. Escherichia coli is one of the most common bacterial agents isolated from the urinary tract and nosocomial infections. Treatment of infections due to it is difficult d More

Introduction: Preventing the spread of drug resistance is one of the most important issues in society. Escherichia coli is one of the most common bacterial agents isolated from the urinary tract and nosocomial infections. Treatment of infections due to it is difficult due to the acquisition of resistance genes. This study aimed to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic pattern of antibiotic resistance in clinical uropathogenic strains isolated from diabetic patients. Materials and methods: A total of 51 E. coli isolates from urinary tract infection in diabetic patients obtained from clinical, were used in this study. Isolates were confirmed by chemical tests and molecular techniques based on tracking of the 16srRNA gene. Antimicrobial resistance assessment of isolates was done using molecular methods base on (qnrA, tet A, tet B, aac (3)IIa, sul1) and disk diffusion. Results: Most resistance r to ampicillin (66.66%) and the lowest resistance to Nitrofurantoin (1.96%) were reported. The frequency of tet A, tet B, qnr A, sul 1 and aac (3) IIa genes reported 68.62%, 64.7%, 29.41%, 39.21%, and 29.41% respectively. The statistical analysis shows a significant relationship between resistance to the antibiotic tetracycline and the gene tet A, tet B statistically. Conclusion: Early detection of resistant strains to select the most appropriate treatment options is essential to prevent the spread of resistance. It is suggested, as treatment for urinary tract infections is important, so to prevent drug resistance and treatment failure, it should be done according to the resistance pattern in the region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Investigating the antibacterial effects of methanolic extract of Myristica fragrans against broad-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Streptococcus pyogenes isolates
Elham Nikouie اشرف کریمی نیک

The increasing development of antibiotic resistance of bacteria has provided the basis for replacing antimicrobial agents with plant origin and with less side effects. This research is a type of laboratory study that was conducted with the aim of determining the antibac More

The increasing development of antibiotic resistance of bacteria has provided the basis for replacing antimicrobial agents with plant origin and with less side effects. This research is a type of laboratory study that was conducted with the aim of determining the antibacterial effect of Myristica fragrans on Streptococcus isolates beta lactamase producing antibiotics. The methanol extract of the plant was prepared by maceration method. The extract was filtered with Whatman No.1 paper and concentrated by rotary evaporator system. Different concentrations of 80, 40, 20, 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625 of the extract were prepared in DMSO: Methanol (1:1v/v) solvent. Identification of beta-lactamase producing isolates was done by phenotypic method with cefotaxime antibiotic discs and cefotaxime / clavulanic acid combined disc. Antibacterial activity against 40 isolates of beta-lactamase-producing isolates was investigated by agar wells diffusion method. After incubation for 24 hours at 37°C, the sensitivity of bacteria was determined by measuring the diameter of the growth inhibition zone. Based on the results, out of 40 Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria, 50% of isolates were beta-lactamase producers, respectively. All isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes showed sensitivity to Myristica fragrans extract, and the average of minimum growth inhibition concentration to beta-lactamase-producing Streptococcus pyogenes was 10 mg/ml. Due to increasing antibiotic resistance, it seems that Myristica fragrans extract can be used against beta-lactam-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes strains in controlling infections, and in this regard, isolation and identification of the effective substances of the plant extract it is suggested. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Investigating the prevalence of resistance genes in Listeria monocytogenes isolated from food samples
Mohammad Reza Saebi Fahimeh nourbakhsh Hossein Khodabandeh shahraki

Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a type of pathogenic bacteria that causes listeriosis infection. This facultative anaerobic bacterium is able to survive in the presence and absence of oxygen and is the cause of a wide range of diseases in humans and animals More

Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a type of pathogenic bacteria that causes listeriosis infection. This facultative anaerobic bacterium is able to survive in the presence and absence of oxygen and is the cause of a wide range of diseases in humans and animals. Consumption of contaminated dairy products, meat and vegetables is the most important source of contamination. There are limited studies of the antibiotic resistance of Listeria monocytogenes species. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the frequency and level of resistance in the evaluated samples. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 150 different samples were randomly collected from different regions of Isfahan province. The samples included 60 samples of meat, 40 samples of dairy products (including milk, cheese, etc.) and 50 samples of vegetables (including leek, watercress, radish and basil). The serotyping of the isolated strains was done using the commercial O and H antisera of Listeria monocytogenes and according to the manufacturer's instructions, using slide agglutination method and antibiotic resistance evaluation. Standard PCR method was used to detect ermA, ermB, strA, tetS, tetA and ermC genes in the strains. Based on the serological reaction, somatic antigens O and flagella H of Listeria monocytogenes with the corresponding antisera, most Listeria species (70%) belong to serotype 1.2a and the rest from serotype 1.2b (19%) and 4b (11 %) They were. The results of the microbial investigation showed that the highest drug resistance was related to streptomycin (89%) and the lowest drug resistance in the evaluated isolates was related to ampicillin (14%) and chloramphenicol (13%). The most evaluated genes were related to strA gene and ermA gene, with frequencies of 79.8% and 65.4%, respectively. The prevalence of other Listeria monocytogenes genes evaluated in this study included tetA (17%), tetS (2.5%), ermB (10.7%) and ermC (2.1%). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Contamination of brucellosis in blood samples of seropositive patients for Brucella in the Shahr-e Kord and Isfahan city by Real Time PCR method
Hossein Khodabandeh shahraki nazila Arbab Soleimani

Brucellosis is one of the most common bacterial diseases in both humans and animals.It causes human to suffer from Malta fever and has highly economic losses in livestock. Bacteriological culture and serological tests for the diagnosis of chronic cases are insensitive. More

Brucellosis is one of the most common bacterial diseases in both humans and animals.It causes human to suffer from Malta fever and has highly economic losses in livestock. Bacteriological culture and serological tests for the diagnosis of chronic cases are insensitive. Therefore, the use of Real Time PCR is a great help to evaluate the frequency of types of brucella abortus and brucella melitensis in serum of people with positive serology. Serum samples of 30 cases with right positive test (over 1/160) were collected from DNA clinical laboratories in the cities of Shahrekord and Esfahan and they were extracted with the use of signagen DNA extraction kit. In order to identify the genus and the types of brucella abortus and brucella melitensis Real Time PCR reaction was carried out on the samples. In this study, all 30 samples were confirmed with the use of Real Time PCR. Brucella abortus was detected in all samples in the cities of Esfahan and Shahrekord. After Real Time PCR test was run on females, brucella abortus was just detected, While in males, 22 (%73/33) cases suffered from brucella abortus and 3 (%10) suffered from brucella melitensis. From the total of 7 cases with brucellosis infection in the age group below 30 years old, 6 (%85/7) cases suffered from brucella abortus and 1 (%14/3) suffered from brucella melitensis, While from the 23 cases with brucellosis in the age group over 30 years old, 21 (% 91/3) had brucella abortus and 2 (%8/7) had brucella melitensis. In recent years many molecular methods have been used for the detection of this bacteria. Real Time PCR method in the sense that it requires less time and has high sensitivity and specificity is very useful in the diagnosis of the disease Manuscript profile

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