Journal of Information Systems and Services: 4 (4)

Open Access Article

برای هر فعالیت انسانی غایت و هدفی متصور است و فرایند اجرای هرفعالیت، عبارت از طی طریق برای رسیدن به هدف نهایی یا نتیجه‌ای است که از ابتدا تجسم یافته است؛ اما فرایند، خود جریانی تعیین‌کننده است که چگونگی روند آن، دستیابی به نتیجه مطلوب را کاملاً تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. بد More

برای هر فعالیت انسانی غایت و هدفی متصور است و فرایند اجرای هرفعالیت، عبارت از طی طریق برای رسیدن به هدف نهایی یا نتیجه‌ای است که از ابتدا تجسم یافته است؛ اما فرایند، خود جریانی تعیین‌کننده است که چگونگی روند آن، دستیابی به نتیجه مطلوب را کاملاً تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. بدیهی است نتیجه‌ای که از اجرای هر اقدامی حاصل خواهد شد انگیزه شروع فعالیت را تشکیل می‌دهد، با این حال، آیا همه مسأله در کسب نتیجه خلاصه می‌شود؟ این سوال ممکن است بر حسب دیدگاه‌های گوناگون پاسخ‌های متفاوتی دریافت کند. حال اگر سوال را اختصاصی‌تر مطرح کنیم و بپرسیم در آموزش عالی آیا تمرکز بر نتیجه مهم‌تر است یا تمرکز بر فرایند، پاسخ چیست؟ انگیزه طرح این سوال از سوی نگارنده، مشاهداتی است که در طی سال‌ها در کلاس‌های درس دوره‌های تحصیلات تکمیلی دانشگاه داشته است. شواهد زیادی وجود دارد که نشانگر تمرکز مطلق دانشجویان به نتیجه فعالیت درسی یعنی امتحان پایان نیمسال و اخذ نمره در این آزمون‌هاست. این دغدغه که البته تا حدی می‌تواند بجا تلقی شود، آن چنان بر فرایند تحصیل و آموزش غلبه می‌کند که دانشجویان معمولاً در اولین جلسات شروع ترم، پیش از آن که از محتوای کلاس و مباحث علمی سوال کنند، در مورد چگونگی امتحان و دشواری و آسانی آن سوال می‌کنند. واقعیت این است که تمرکز بیش از حد لازم بر نتیجه، سبب می‌شود که فرایند، ارزش و اهمیت خود را از دست می‌دهد و دانشجو تمام سعی خود را معطوف به گرفتن‌نتیجه یعنی گذراندن دروس می‌کند. لطمه‌ای که این نوع اندیشه بر کل جریان تحصیل و در مجموع بر آموزش عالی وارد می‌کند، قابل مقایسه با مغبونیت کوهنوردی است که بدون دیدن مناظر اطراف و با شتاب تنها چشم به قله دارد و در مسیر حرکت به سمت قله چشم و گوش خود را به مناظر و آواهای پیرامون خود بسته است. تجربۀ اینگونه سفر به قله و به بیان کلی‌تر حرکت به سمت خواسته‌ها و آرزوها، به کلی عاری از لطافت‌ها و ظرایفی خواهد بود که به زندگی و طی طریق‌های گوناگون آن معنا می‌بخشد. تمرکز صِرف بر روی نتیجه، تمامی مسیرهای حرکت ما را به تونلی تاریک تبدیل می‌کند که نتیجه و انتهای کار، تنها نقطۀ روشن آن خواهد بود. به نظر می‌رسد بتوان بخشی از سرخوردگی‌ها و فقدان انگیزه در بین دانشجویان را به همین طرز فکر نسبت داد. شاید شما هم این داستان کوتاه را شنیده باشید که مردی برای تلمذ در محضر استاد فرزانه‌ای بار سفر بست و پس از رسیدن، استاد از وی پرسید: از من چه می‌خواهی؟ مرد گفت: می‌خواهم مرا به شاگردی بپذیرید و بهترین دست‌پرورده شما در این سرزمین باشم. برای این کار چقدر باید تلمذ کنم؟ استاد پاسخ داد: ده سال. مرد گفت: ده سال خیلی طولانی است. اگر من دو برابر شاگردان شما تلاش کنم چه؟ استاد جواب داد: در این صورت حداقل بیست سال طول خواهد کشید. مرد گفت: بیست سال؟ اگر من شب و روز تمام تلاش خود را بکنم چه؟ این بار استاد پاسخ داد: متوجه شدت اشتیاق شما برای رسیدن به درجه بهترین شاگرد در کوتاه ترین زمان نبودم، حال دیگر در کمتر از سی سال ممکن نخواهد بود. مرد پرسید: چگونه است که هر بار که می‌گویم سخت‌تر تلاش خواهم کرد، زمان را طولانی‌تر می‌کنید؟ استاد جواب داد: پاسخ روشن است. وقتی یک چشم را به مقصد دوخته‌ای، تنها یک چشم برای پیدا‌کردن راه برایت باقی می‌ماند. حکایت یادشده، داستان دانشجویان در محیط های دانشگاهی ماست. به نظر می‌رسد شوق یادگیری و هیجانِ آموختن معنای خود را تا حد زیادی برای دانشجویان از دست داده است. چه خوب بود دانشجویان به جای تمرکز صِرف به نمره و کسب مدرک، نیم نگاهی نیز به فرایند تحصیل و یادگیری و لذت نهفته در بطن این فعالیتِ جهت‌دار و مثبت داشتند که در اینصورت فعالیت‌های آموزشی آنان به جای وظیفه‌ای ناپسند و طاقت‌فرسا، به تجربه‌ای دلپذیر و خاطره‌ساز تبدیل می‌شد.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - ‌ Evaluation and comparing the reviewers‌ facilities of‌ national and international conferences management systems
Maryam Ghafori Asefeh Asemi

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to identify and compare the features of content management systems of conferences, at the national and international level. Methodology: In this research, a description of analysing system (web-based survey), Suehas: ora More

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to identify and compare the features of content management systems of conferences, at the national and international level. Methodology: In this research, a description of analysing system (web-based survey), Suehas: oral interview, seeing the conference website and various parts of the system, an available movies and slides, documentary and library studies methods including study guides, educational menus and all existing evidence, empirical and practical study were conducted. Finally, for measurig the available facilities in the selected samples and comparing them the descriptive method was used (Descriptive statistics, frequency tables, bar and radar charts  using SPSS and Excel software). The population of the study was conferences management system in the national and international level. The samples of the study consisted of three national conference management systems (Yekta Web, Afzare Shargh, Negar and Adak) and three international systems (ASME, Conftool and OCS(PKP). Findings: The findings showed that among the international system, Conftool system in terms of what the Juror has reached the highest score. In the national systems, Negar system of Fraznt corporate in the part of the Juror of the Congress was the highest score in terms of facilities. Conclusion: Finally, researchers concluded that the investigated systems had a little difference, they all had the capabilities of the standard systems. Also, Negar conference management system, had little difference with those of conferences of international management systems. These findings can help in the design,development, purchase, or use the new conference management systems. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Indexing of articles on librarianship and information science in Namaye and Namamatn databases
Fatemeh Nooshinfard Sharifeh Sharifzadeh

Purpose: This project aims at considering the representation of articles on librarianship and information science in Namaye and Namamatn databases. Methodology: The survey method is researching and the means of collecting information have been the survey lists as well More

Purpose: This project aims at considering the representation of articles on librarianship and information science in Namaye and Namamatn databases. Methodology: The survey method is researching and the means of collecting information have been the survey lists as well as the researchers’ questionnaire. The research body consists of all the articles on librarianship in Namaye and Namamatn databases which include 802 and 500 articles in Namaye and Namamatn databases respectively. Findings: Findings of the research indicated that most of the articles (%65.7) in Namaye database have only one keywords.  On the contrary, (%77.4) of the articles in Namamatn database have two keywords explainers in Namaye database are of the prepositions combination type while %86.8 of these explainers in Namamatn database are one-word types. Conclusion: The findings of the research theories revealed that there is a significant difference between the number of titular keywords. Results of the findings suggested that the process of namaye database development, by far, is longer than that those in namamatn database. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - A model for inter-agency cooperations to provide services for the blind and low-sighted people: Requirements and functions
Sakineh Ghasempour Ayoob Nazi

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to offer a model of Inter-agency cooperations to provide services for the blind and low-sighted people in Iran. Methodology: This research was conducted as Quantitative (Descriptive Survey) and qualitative (Content Analysis). Requir More

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to offer a model of Inter-agency cooperations to provide services for the blind and low-sighted people in Iran. Methodology: This research was conducted as Quantitative (Descriptive Survey) and qualitative (Content Analysis). Required data were collected in two parts: First via questionnaire consisted of 3 open questions, asked through telephone interviews, with 12 non/expert respondents. The second part of the required data was obtained from the observation of libraries environment and search in the libraries websites, documents, news etc. Findings: The results showed that despite a large number of blinds and low-sighted people in Iran, information services and facilities had been scattered. There were no national plan for resource sharing and exchange associated with this particular groups. Conclusion: In order to achieve the desired level of services in both level of internal and inter-organizational, new measures including  the  more use of technology should be taken from organizations such as: the National Library for the Blind and Low-sighted people (apart from the current existing libraries, including the Blind Department of National Library), as a dynamic institution that have moral and material support from the government and the public. Finally, this new implemented organizations have to coordinate resource-sharing plans at the national level. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The relationship between resistance to change and the productivity of the librarians at Tehran Islamic Azad University branches
Farnoosh Azimi Khabazan Mina Afshari

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between resistance to change and the productivity of the librarians at Tehran branches of the Islamic Azad University. Methodology: The methodology of this study was descriptive and correlation. Participant More

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between resistance to change and the productivity of the librarians at Tehran branches of the Islamic Azad University. Methodology: The methodology of this study was descriptive and correlation. Participants included 145 librarians at 44 library locations of Islamic Azad University. The instrument used in data gathering was a questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and analytical methods plus the SPSS 22 had been used. 145 questionnaires were handed out but only 135 of them were received and examined. Findings: “Ability” as one of the dimensions of “librarians’ productivity” was higher than the other elements (with a mean of 3.6) and motivation was the lowest of all (with the mean of 2.1). Moreover, organizational level with the mean of 2.9 had the highest percentage of librarians’ resistance to change and individual level with the mean of 2.6 was the lowest of such resistance. The findings showed that at the Islamic Azad University libraries of Tehran, the individual and group level of resistance to change tended towards the average point and the organizational level of resistance had a tendency to move above the average point. Conclusion: At the libraries of Tehran’s Islamic Azad University branches, the ability of the librarians was at a high level but they had little motivation to enhance their productivity. The high level of organizational resistance to change showed the lack of acceptance of organizational changes by the librarians. Overall, the findings indicated there was tendency to move above the average. In other words, an increase in librarians’ resistance to change lead to reduction in their productivity and vice-versa. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - A Survey of the usefulness of referencing training techniques according to Vancouver referencing style: A case study of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Mitra Zarei

purpose: The research aim is to find out the usefulness of three training methods for preparing thesis references and select the best ones of the library educational policy. This will save time and money in library user education process. Methodology: Referencing error More

purpose: The research aim is to find out the usefulness of three training methods for preparing thesis references and select the best ones of the library educational policy. This will save time and money in library user education process. Methodology: Referencing errors were categorized from two points of view. First, according to writing and content errors. Second, according to the fields that referencing errors occurred (author, title, publication). Errors were tabulated from each points. Twenty error codes were identified and 207 theses were included in the survey. In fact, references of thesis prepared from September 2009 to November 2010 were selected as the research community.  Findings: Results showed that about half of references contained less than 20 errors and the other half, more than 20 errors. Field error survey showed that the most several occurred errors were 10 in each field. In other words, more than half of the references contained less than 10 writing errors. 53% of the references contained less than 10 content errors. Both writing and content errors in author and publication fields were observed more than those of the titles. There were too many inconsiderable writing errors in references. Repetition errors were observed in less than 10 references in 67% of theses.  Conclusion: Faculty staffs should be aware of the significance of reference lists as an important part of the research practices and remind this to the students. Libraries' duty is to prepare educational workshops and facilities proportionate to the student population and needs. Overcoming the problem of population and high demand for workshops is also the other libraries' duties. In order to meet this aim, presenting online courses are recommended.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Evaluation of acquaintance of members of Tabriz Central Library with Library Management Software and the concepts of its searching systems
Adeleh Asadi

Purpose: This research evaluates the level of acquaintance of members of Tabriz Central Library with its facilities and services for needs assessment of library users training course. Methodology: It is an analytical descriptive research. For gathering the data, 6 open More

Purpose: This research evaluates the level of acquaintance of members of Tabriz Central Library with its facilities and services for needs assessment of library users training course. Methodology: It is an analytical descriptive research. For gathering the data, 6 open questions and 33 close questions had been asked in a form of a questionnaire. A sample of 361 active member of Tabriz Central Library answered the questionnaire. Findings: The first hypothesis is evaluation of hypotheses about the existence of significant differences between the levels of familiarity with the library software on the members, with  95 percent confidence were confirmed. The second hypothesis that is about having significant difference between the users with high and low range referring to the library and level of familiarity with the library software with  95 percent confidence was confirmed. The third hypothesis that is about having significant difference between the users with high and low range of book check in the level of familiarity with the library software with  95 percent confidence was confirmed. Conclusion: Results showed that half of the library users are familiar with the library software concepts and facilities. According to these results it is needed to train the users for appropriate use of the library software. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - A survey on knowledge of post- graduate students of Shaheed Chamran University of Ahwaz of plagiarism and its influencing factors
Giti Jamshidi Borojeni Maryam Saeedi Gholamreza Haidari

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge of post graduate students of Shaheed Chamran University of Ahwaz of instances of plagiarism and its influencing factors in order to present solutions to avoid plagiarism in universities. Methodology:This res More

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge of post graduate students of Shaheed Chamran University of Ahwaz of instances of plagiarism and its influencing factors in order to present solutions to avoid plagiarism in universities. Methodology:This research was a descriptive-analytic type and the data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was measured through content validity technique, and its reliability was measured by calulating Cronbach’s Alpha which rendered an alpha of 0.8 ( The research population included all the post graduate students of Shaheed Chamran University. Applying the Morgan table, the sample size was chosen as 354 cases from the statistical population (N= 4765 ). Findings: Findings of the research indicated that knowledge of students of instances of plagiarism is normal. Also, in view of students under study, effective factors on plagiarism are in order of priority: upbringing, economic &, technological , social, cultural, and educational. Conclusion: Inadequate proficiency of students on all aspects of the research subject, financial capability and giving money to the person in order to do research or project, document-oriented, delinquency in doing homework and delay in those and not learning the correct way of writing a scientific paper in universityies to students were identified as the most important reasons to plagiarism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - A survey on the status of the use of information technology in the academic libraries of Ardebil Province
Hamideh Aliakbari

Purpose: The world is rapidly going towards modernization and areas of application of information technology in the contemporary world and expanding rapidly. Libraries are not exempt from these changes and now we are living in a period of great transformation that refle More

Purpose: The world is rapidly going towards modernization and areas of application of information technology in the contemporary world and expanding rapidly. Libraries are not exempt from these changes and now we are living in a period of great transformation that reflects the changes in university libraries which can be observed. The aim of this research is to study the status quo of use and application of information technology in the academic libraries of the Ardebil province . Methodology: A survey research method was used and the data was collected by a researcher - made questionnaire. The survey consists of 54 academic libraries. Ninety eight personnel  participated in this research. Findings: The results showed that, the most important IT-based information services  offer users online access to databases (53/7%). The training courses were held for users ICDL (53/76 percent). Other results indicated that the most important factor in the application of information technology is training librarians in the use of information technology (By means of 4/95) and the most important difficult barrier is taking advantage of the shortage of IT technicians of libraries (By means of 4/97). Conclusion: The results revealed that the amount of IT & hardware and software equipments of libraries were not satisfactory, and the most difficult barrier was lack of major technical experts in the use of information technology. Manuscript profile

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