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Open Access Article
1 - Purification of Host- Specific Toxin from Iranian Isolates of Alternaria alternata, Causal Agent of Brown Spot Disease of Tangerine
N. Mohamad Amini1 H. Zamanizadeh K. Larijani S. H. Hajmansoor -
Open Access Article
2 - The Effect of Magnetic Nanoparticles along with Magnetic Experimental Modeling for the Desalination of the Caspian Sea Water
Kamran Lari nikoo ostovar -
Open Access Article
3 - Purification and Characterization of Milk Clotting Enzyme Produced by Rhizomucor Rmiehei
Sh. Khalil Moghaddam M. Khaleghian F. Naderi M. Azin M. Monajjemi -
Open Access Article
4 - Purification and Determination of some Characters of Dominant Isoform of GP96 Molecules from Mice Fibrosarcoma Cell Line (WEHI164)
عقیل Tabar Molla Hassan زهیر Hassan علی Mostafaie سعید Hesaraki علی TaravatiGP96 protein is a heat shock protein (HSP) with an important role in cellular immunity. Tumorderived gp96 has entered clinical trials for cancer immunotherapy. For purification of dominantisoform of gp96 molecules from mice fibrosarcoma cell line, Cultured WEHI164 cell MoreGP96 protein is a heat shock protein (HSP) with an important role in cellular immunity. Tumorderived gp96 has entered clinical trials for cancer immunotherapy. For purification of dominantisoform of gp96 molecules from mice fibrosarcoma cell line, Cultured WEHI164 cell line werelysed and supernatants of cell extract were precipitated by Amoniume sulfate , In the next stage,purification was done through affinity and ione exchange chromatography. Molecular Weight ofpurified protein was estimated by SDS-PAGE and its nature was confirmed by western blot. Theresult of this study shows that, purified molecule has molecular weight between 66-68 kd whichindicates another different isoform of this molecule; a result confirmed by western blot. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The Development of the Concept of Purification in Hinduism
Nasrin Bani AssadiIn the Vedic period, the act of purification was treated as a rite performed through the ritual ceremonies. Gradually, with the emergence and development of introversion attitude in Hindu culture, the concept of purity in Hindu thought entered the realm of mind and foun MoreIn the Vedic period, the act of purification was treated as a rite performed through the ritual ceremonies. Gradually, with the emergence and development of introversion attitude in Hindu culture, the concept of purity in Hindu thought entered the realm of mind and found a new dimension as a moral virtue. As seen in the Upanishads, within this new phase, the necessity of performing rituals for purification stood as a second-rated priority, while the concepts of inner purity and self-refinement occupied the first place among Hindu concerns. With the emergence of negative attitude towards human body as observed in later Upanishads, the concept of purification, which had now taken also a sanitary dimension, became less and less important. Nevertheless, in The Laws of Manu, one can observe anew emphasis on the ritualistic and bodily aspects of purification. Therefore, the concept of purity in Hinduism eventually became regarded as an existential state of being, related to both body and spirit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Life and the Mystical Thoughts of St. Bonaventure
Hamid MahmoudianSt. Bonaventure is undoubtedly one of the most distinguished andeffective figures in Christian mysticism. As the second founder ofFranciscan order, he gives an account of St. Francis' biography andworks; beside that, he deals with the Christian mysticism in his works.Al MoreSt. Bonaventure is undoubtedly one of the most distinguished andeffective figures in Christian mysticism. As the second founder ofFranciscan order, he gives an account of St. Francis' biography andworks; beside that, he deals with the Christian mysticism in his works.Although his place among the Franciscans is similar to the place ofThomas Aquinas among the Dominicans, the account of his life is notas clear as Aquinas' biography. However, his works could help us tounderstand his character and thought. For example, his book entitledThe Journey of the Mind to God (1259 C. E.) is one of the mostimportant works on Christian mysticism. This article tries to survey hisbiography and his works as well as his ideology and his mystical pointof view. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The Effects of Different Methods of Date Syrup Purification on the Physicochemical Properties of Produced Date Syrup Powder
s. Shafiee A. Sharifan M. Hojjatoleslami -
Open Access Article
8 - Providing Practical Instruction for Solving Environmental Problems from Residue (cake) of Cold Purification Process in Zinc Production Process
Keivan Shayesteh Pourya Abbasi Vahid Vahid fard Mehdi HosseiniBackground and Objective: In the waste from the cold treatment process in zinc production plants, there is about 40 to 50% of zinc and other harmful heavy metals such as cadmium and nickel. Cadmium and nickel are among the heavy metals that are harmful to human health i MoreBackground and Objective: In the waste from the cold treatment process in zinc production plants, there is about 40 to 50% of zinc and other harmful heavy metals such as cadmium and nickel. Cadmium and nickel are among the heavy metals that are harmful to human health in high concentrations. Removal of bio-pollutants from these wastes is one of the concerns of the zinc industry. The purpose of this study is to remove nickel and cadmium as impurities in the zinc production process by cementation method.Methodology:The procedure consists of three steps: cold purification cake leaching, impurity purification and electrolysis. The cake is first liquefied with sulfuric acid and the resulting solution contains zinc ions along with nickel and cadmium impurities. Optimal conditions for the removal of impurities were obtained by the surface response method (RSM), then the filtration process was performed by the cementation method and the impurities were removed and finally the solution was electrolyzed to produce zinc. Using Design Expert (DOE) test design software, the parameters affecting the filtration process such as temperature, zinc powder concentration, retention time and additive concentration were investigated.Findings: It was found that most influences related to contact time, temperature, zinc powder amount and additive concentration, respectively. So, optimum conditions for removal of nickel and cadmium containing temperature of 85 centigrade, concentration of 6.63 mg L-1 of zinc powder, contact time of 100 min and concentration of 10.29 mg L-1 for additive were obtained. At these conditions, impurities amounts were reached to the allowed limit for electrolysis and zinc in the cake was recovery.Conclusions: Using cementation method by removing impurities and then recovering zinc, in addition to solving some of the environmental problems caused by the cake, the recovery of these metals is of great economic importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Roadmap of nuclear technology application in the environment
Zahra Soltani AmirMohammad BeigzadehBackground and Objective: Today, the use of advanced environmental pollutants based on nuclear technology in processes associated with the production of gaseous, liquid and solid pollutants is highly recommended. Developing a strategy and planning for the development of MoreBackground and Objective: Today, the use of advanced environmental pollutants based on nuclear technology in processes associated with the production of gaseous, liquid and solid pollutants is highly recommended. Developing a strategy and planning for the development of the application of nuclear technology in the environment is necessary because this technology is advanced, complex and in the growth stage and requires high investment, highly specialized forces and cooperation and coordination of a series of projects. Material and Methodology: In order to develop a roadmap for the application of nuclear technology in the environment, first, by reviewing research in the field of applications of nuclear technology in the environment, potentials and key technologies in this field were identified. Then, by performing process steps through reviewing scientific articles and texts, the market was identified and then the types of products were determined. Findings: The most important markets for nuclear technology-based treatment systems are power plants, chemical and petrochemical industries, and waste industries. Gaseous decontamination facilities, sludge and wastewater treatment and industrial waste facilities are classified in the product category. According to the roadmap, the acquisition of accelerator technology and gamma-rayirradiator systems is possible through technology transfer and equipment purchase. Since all stages of research and development of solid-state purification systems can be done with the existing facilities in the country and also the simplicity of the process, during the first three years, the focus on solid state purification systems was determined and in parallel by gaining the necessary experience, it is possible to transfer technology to liquid and gas purification systems. Discussion and Conclusion: Purification systems based on advanced nuclear technology are cost-effective, more efficient and environmentally friendly. In this regard, the use of roadmap as one of the most important management tools for planning the development of this technology is essential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The Study of Qual2kw Model Efficacy on River Self-purification (A Case Study of Karun River at Interval of Zargan to Kute Amir)
Pegah Hossieni Ali Reza Ildoromi Yasser HosseiniBackground and Objective: Karun River is one of the largest rivers in the country and the present paper has studied Qual2kw model efficacy on self-purification of Karun River at interval of Zargan to Kute Amir. Method: For this purpose changes in quality parameter MoreBackground and Objective: Karun River is one of the largest rivers in the country and the present paper has studied Qual2kw model efficacy on self-purification of Karun River at interval of Zargan to Kute Amir. Method: For this purpose changes in quality parameters of the river including: EC, NO3, TSS, BOD, DO, pH, and temperature in the year 2008-2009, for two months of August (dehydration) and January (high water) simulated and calibrated within 30 days by aforementioned model and was compared with observed data in months of September and February of the same year in the stations of Zargan, Pole Panjom, and Kute Amir. In addition, for the determination of the validity of Qual2kw model and comparing of observed data with computational data, square of correlation coefficient (R2) and Standard Error of Measurement (SEr) were used, while for their significant test, T-test and F-test have done. Findings: In general, the output model represented the non-assimilation of pH and BODu parameters for two months, NO3 in months of August, TSS in months of January and low assimilation in other parameters in accordance with the input pollution in the defined interval of Karun River. Discussion and Counclusion: It aslo showed that the Qual2kw model has good efficacy for the investigation of river self-purification and the Karun River, this model was able to simulate well. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - An approach towards designing a new sanitary landfill system for treatment of emissions from decomposition in urban gas network
mohammad javad zoqi Mohammad Reza DoostiBackground and Objective: The main components of landfill biogas are methane and carbon dioxide, both of which are greenhouse gases. Methane is a greenhouse gas with global warming potential of 21 times greater compared to CO2. In this paper, a new method is proposed fo MoreBackground and Objective: The main components of landfill biogas are methane and carbon dioxide, both of which are greenhouse gases. Methane is a greenhouse gas with global warming potential of 21 times greater compared to CO2. In this paper, a new method is proposed for landfilling to reduce landfill gas emissions and to prevent entry of air into the landfill. Method: This paper presents a new landfill design and system for air ingress prevention and landfill gas containment. In addition, in this paper Aspen Hysyssoftware was used for the dynamic simulation of separation of CO2 from landfill gas by adsorption process in the ethanolamine solution. Findings: The new system proffers more control over the biogas extraction and processes of anaerobic digestion than conventional landfills. In the new system, the landfill gas purification process becomes cheaper due to reduction of air ingress. Conclusion: The new system can be applied on tipycal landfills. Using this new system, biogas purification and exploitation will become economical in more landfills, and the increased use of biogas will result in greater use of renewable energy sources and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The Indications of Reaching Fallah in Holy Qur'an
Karim Parchebaf Dowlati Fereshteh Motamed langroudiThe term of “Fallah” is of fundamental position in moral Islamic teachings culture and Holy Qur’an; because most of people are doing decent acts and Ethical behaviors to reach to Fallah. In Holy Quran conception, Fallah means ”achievement” MoreThe term of “Fallah” is of fundamental position in moral Islamic teachings culture and Holy Qur’an; because most of people are doing decent acts and Ethical behaviors to reach to Fallah. In Holy Quran conception, Fallah means ”achievement” ”triumph”, ”success” and “salivation. Also happiness achievement is called Fallah. Or when an individual overcomes the barriers and faces ideal goal. Based on the ingrained capacities of Human, he can rely on factors such as: faith, good deeds, virtue, self-purification, repentance, enjoining good and forbidding wrong and mentioning God’s blessings in order to find salvation. Virtue and piety amongst all is the main principle to salvation and happiness. The present article studies the most famous indications to reach Fallah from Quran point of view. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Pontificate, the intellectuals and Quran’s point of view
Mahdi MomtahenPontificate is one the God’s mercies which has been considered for human; God has elaborated Pontificate frequently in the Holy Quran and mentions that the people of science would understand and perceive it. Ahl-e Beit were common people who have reached MorePontificate is one the God’s mercies which has been considered for human; God has elaborated Pontificate frequently in the Holy Quran and mentions that the people of science would understand and perceive it. Ahl-e Beit were common people who have reached such positions. They did not have the same degree and were not in the same position. He has shown the path to the human by Ahl- Beit in order to prevent perversion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - A Study on Al-Ḥakīm al-Tirmidhī, in Small Differences in Preventing Small Discrepancies
Shamseddin AzizPour Darounkala Hamed Khani Ibrahim FallahThe present article studies the written and compiled works in rich Iranian Islamic culture in«الفروق الصغیر فی منع الترادف» “small Differences in Preventing Small Discrepancies” by citing Quran’s Verses. Today all around the Islamic w MoreThe present article studies the written and compiled works in rich Iranian Islamic culture in«الفروق الصغیر فی منع الترادف» “small Differences in Preventing Small Discrepancies” by citing Quran’s Verses. Today all around the Islamic world – especially in Iran – valuable and important attempts have done to revive, correct and accomplish this precious heritage. The article studies and surveys various aspects of small Differences in Preventing Small Discrepancies book as well as Ḥakīm al-Tirmidhī’s character and his ancient and famous heritage. The other aim of the research is to recognize his critical and educational methods. The applied method is researching – analytical by citing rich and valid scientific sources specifically Holy Quran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Isolation and identification of a tellurite resistance bacteria from industry's wastewater at Bioremediation and study optimal conditions increasing the Elimination and bioreduction of tellurite
Mahboubeh Soleimani Sasani Mohammad Reza Zolfaghary Mohammad SoleimaniThe extensive use of tellurium oxyanions, such as Tellurite,in various industries such as textile, tanning and plating ,which are highly toxic to microorganisms and eukaryotes , has increased environmental pollution. Potential application of Tellurite oxyanions bioreduc MoreThe extensive use of tellurium oxyanions, such as Tellurite,in various industries such as textile, tanning and plating ,which are highly toxic to microorganisms and eukaryotes , has increased environmental pollution. Potential application of Tellurite oxyanions bioreduction in resistant bacteria in surroundings can be a valuable tool in biotechnology for Biological removing of tellurite from contaminated areas by microorganisms.84 strains of resistant bacteria to tellurite was separated from industry's wastewater. Tellurite resistance activity was evaluated using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)method, concentration 0/1 to26mM potassium tellurite at 34°C for 7 days by the agar dilution method and QWTmb9 was isolated which able to tolerate and reduction very high concentration of 22 mM. This tolerance to tellurite compared with the threshold concentration of other isolated bacteria is remarkable. In order to evaluate strain's Tellurite removal, colorimetric method using a spectrophotometer and DDTC reagent (sodium-diethyldithiocarbamatetri-hydrate, A340 nm) was used.The effects of various factors on the optimal growth and tellurite removal were investigated conditions Tellurite concentration, pH, temperature, aeration rate and different concentrations of NaCl. Due to the direct connection to oxyanions resistance and resistance to antibiotics, Antibiogram test was conducted.QWTmb9 isolated from wastewater of blanket textile, which maximum removal rates in 24h is in 0.4 concentrations of Tellurite, temperature 35°C, pH7.5 , 100RPM aeration and 170mM NaCl concentration. This strain is resistant to antibiotics penicillin, ampicillin, rifampin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, neomycin, kanamycin and erythromycin.Gram-negative strains QWTmb9 can be a good candidate for elimination of toxic tellurite in industrial biotechnology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Woman in Christian Monasticism
Hamideh HHamedi porIn Christianity, the women who fear of God and live ascetic and typically cloistered lives that are dedicated to God worship are known as "monk". Such women after passing from worldly belongings such as marriage and keeping aloof from family, by authority of church bish MoreIn Christianity, the women who fear of God and live ascetic and typically cloistered lives that are dedicated to God worship are known as "monk". Such women after passing from worldly belongings such as marriage and keeping aloof from family, by authority of church bishop became a member of monastery and they have to perform rigid and special regulations. In this paper it was discussed that eastern monastic life was according to secluded traditional regulations. But in western monastic life the condition was not so; but nuns were sent to different areas as religious teacher and missionaries and have the responsibility of church regulations. The middle ages was the excellent period for monks which could dehiscent honor characteristics in themselves and cause elevation and development in mystical topics .in this period dehiscence of different groups such as Franciscans, Dominicans and Beguines came into existence that females had a strong role in them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - ارزیابی ماندگاری آنتیبیوتیکهای بیمارستانی تخلیه شده به رودخانه کارون در بازه اهواز (مطالعه موردی: دو بیمارستان امام خمینی و سینا)
بیتا باهری ابراهیم رجب زاده قطر میبا توجه به خطرات گسترش مقاومت آنتی­بیوتیک­ها در محیط زیست، هدف از پژوهش حاضر محاسبه میزان ماندگاری آنتی­بیوتیک­های ورودی دو بیمارستان امام خمینی و سینا به رودخانه کارون و تعیین خطرناکترین نوع آنتی بیوتیک در فواصل خروجی فاضلاب، 500، 1000، 1500، 2000 و 300 Moreبا توجه به خطرات گسترش مقاومت آنتی­بیوتیک­ها در محیط زیست، هدف از پژوهش حاضر محاسبه میزان ماندگاری آنتی­بیوتیک­های ورودی دو بیمارستان امام خمینی و سینا به رودخانه کارون و تعیین خطرناکترین نوع آنتی بیوتیک در فواصل خروجی فاضلاب، 500، 1000، 1500، 2000 و 3000 متری از خروجی بیمارستان­ها در تابستان و زمستان 1398 بود. نمونه­برداری در بطری­های تیره­ درب سمباده­ای انجام شد و غلظت ۵ آنتی بیوتیک (پنی­سیلین­جی، سفتریاکسون، سفیکسیم، اریترومایسین و آموکسی­سیلین) که از جدول فراوانی پر مصرف­ترین آنها از مقالات مختلف در بیمارستان­ها انتخاب شده بودند با استفاده از دستگاه HPLC سنجش شد. نتایج نشان داد غلظت کلی ۵ آنتی­بیوتیک در مجموع در خروجی بیمارستان امام خمینی و سینا بین 27/80- 68/0 نانوگرم در لیتر در تابستان و 49/84-3/6 نانوگرم در لیتر زمستان بود. در تابستان و زمستان ایستگاه خروجی هر دو بیمارستان بالاترین غلظت آنتی­بیوتیک را داشتند و با فاصله گرفتن از محل خروجی بیمارستان و در فاصله 2000 متری، 32/10-56/0 درصد آنتی­بیوتیک همچنان در آب باقی مانده بود. آموکسی سیلین و پنی­سیلین جی به ترتیب در محل تخلیه­ فاضلاب، 1000 و 2000 متری بیشترین و کمترین غلظت آنتی­بیوتیک­ را در آب رودخانه­ی کارون داشتند. در هر دو بیمارستان، درصد بازماندگی آنتی­بیوتیک­ها در دو فصل تابستان و زمستان به جز در مورد پنی­سیلین جی، در سایر آنتی­بیوتیک­ها اختلاف معنی­داری نداشت (05/0<P ). در فاصله­ی 2500 متری فقط بازماندگی آنتی بیوتیک­های سفیکسیم (زمستان هر دو بیمارستان)، سفتریاکسون (زمستان و تابستان هر دو بیمارستان) و پنی سیلین جی (تابستان در بیمارستان امام خمینی) صفر درصد بود که نشان دهنده­ی ماندگاری و خطر زیست محیطی و انسانی بالاتر این دو آنتی­بیوتیک در مقایسه با سه آنتی­بیوتیک دیگر است. مقایسه مقادیر آنتی­بیوتیک­های رودخانه­ی کارون با استانداردهای PNEC و Lowest MIC، نشان داد که مقادیر تمامی انتی­بیوتیک­ها از استانداردهای در نظر گرفته شده، بالاتر بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Extraction, purification and characterization of a Guaianolide from Artemisia absinthium L. extract collected from Ardabil
Fatemeh ghadami محبوبه طاهرخانیThe use of medicinal and aromatic herbs in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, sanitary and food industries is related to the quantitative and qualitative identification of the compounds in them. Identification and investigation of botanical and phytochemical of the plants is MoreThe use of medicinal and aromatic herbs in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, sanitary and food industries is related to the quantitative and qualitative identification of the compounds in them. Identification and investigation of botanical and phytochemical of the plants is the first step in order to use them. Artemisia absinthium L. belongs to the Asteraceae family and has been used as customary herbal medicine for the treatment of gastric and cardiac stimulation, improvement of memory and for restoration of mental function. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical analysis of an extract of a species of Iranian Artemisia called Afsantin from Ardabil province, from for the purpose of natural compound combinations. For this purpose, the aerial part of the plant was collected at the flowering stage from Namin area in Ardebil province, northwest of Iran in July 1394, and by extracted by maceration method in a mixture of three solvents: methanol : diethyl ether : hexane with a 1:1:1 ratio. Then, in order to separate the long chain hydrocarbons, the defatting procedure was performed, the obtained extract was loaded on the chromatographic column and evaluated for compound composition. After phytochemical investigations, a sesquiterpene from guaianolides family was identified and determined by using 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR and DEPT spectroscopy techniques. A crystalline solid with a molecular formula C15H18O2 was detected as a kind of guaianolide from A. absinthium. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Theoretical Study of Relation among Structural Parameter and Water Decontamination Behaviors of some Drugs in Presence of Carbon Nanotube
Vahhab Fattahimehr Farhad Khamchin Moghadam Hadi Khatami Mashhadi -
Open Access Article
20 - Investigation of the Ways of Purification of Apatite Stone and Its using in the Ceramic Glazes
Davoud Ghahremani صاحبعلی منافی E. فرح بخش Fariborz ForohandehIn the current research, within purification of apatite stone of Bafg investigated its using in the formulation of white glaze of Single firing of fast fired Wall Tile (Monoporosa Tile). The results of the investigations done on the purificated apatite of Bafg determine MoreIn the current research, within purification of apatite stone of Bafg investigated its using in the formulation of white glaze of Single firing of fast fired Wall Tile (Monoporosa Tile). The results of the investigations done on the purificated apatite of Bafg determined that this matter showing good thermal stability under the temperature of 1400 degress centigerate and isn’t any unfavorabale element in its compositon for using in ceramic glaze formulations exception of iron. Nevereless the problem of low Thermal Expansion Coefficient of the white glazes of Monoporosa, The Dilatometry results of the glaze containing Apatite dictated higher Thermal Expansion Coefficient. The images of SEM showed both the safe adhering of glaze to engobe and increment of amount of insoluble fine particles of zircon in the base phase of glaze that with the safe results of colourimetry was the explanatory of increment of the whitness of current glaze. Also by considering the low price of this matter, it wills reduce the final price of glaze. Manuscript profile
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