pathological

Open Access Article

1 - In vivo assessment of probioticated African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa)-based milk analogue
Esther Adurotoye Abiodun Victor Ikujenlola Hezekiah Adeniran

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2 - Histological alterations in Fenneropenaeus indicus fed diets containing different doses of Aflatoxin B1
B. Ghaednia, منصور Bayat, ایرج Sohrabi Haghdoost, A. Motallebi, A. Sepahdari,

In this study Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus, (11.79 ± 1.76 g) were fed with dietscontaining 0, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 ppb levels of AFB1 for 8 weeks.Histopathological alterations in the hepatopancreas, such as hepatopancreas tubules ste More

In this study Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus, (11.79 ± 1.76 g) were fed with dietscontaining 0, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 ppb levels of AFB1 for 8 weeks.Histopathological alterations in the hepatopancreas, such as hepatopancreas tubules stellar crosssection deformation, reduce degenerative changes and atrophy of epithelial cells and secretorycells lining the tubules, hepatopancreas tissue necrosis and infiltration of fibroblasts in the wallsof hepatopancreas tubules were observed. In Muscle tissue, muscle bundles separated from eachother and create a gap between them was observed, which confirms the weight loss in 800 ppbAFLB1 treatment. Intestinal mucosal necrosis and detachment were observed in midgut tissue atthe end of 4 and 8 weeks. Manuscript profile

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3 - Experimental study of histopathological lesions induced by ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection followed inoculation with H9N2 avian influenza virus
حسین گودرزی، آیدین عزیزپور، سعید چرخکار ، محمدحسن حبل‌الورید، رضا ممیز .

Avian influenza virus as a primary agent causes histopathologic lesions in infected chickens. Although, it was not any complete histopathologic study of ORT effects on chickens infected with avian influenza virus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate histopathologi More

Avian influenza virus as a primary agent causes histopathologic lesions in infected chickens. Although, it was not any complete histopathologic study of ORT effects on chickens infected with avian influenza virus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate histopathological lesions induced by secondary infection with Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale on infected specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens with H9N2 AI virus. Sixty, one-day-old SPF chicks were provided and divided randomly into three groups. At 21 days, the chicks in the group 1 were inoculated with H9N2 AI virus, group 2 was first infected by AI virus and 3 days later inoculated by ORT. Each bird in control group was inoculated with PBS. Then, the birds were euthanized and examined for histopathological lesions. The samples from various tissues were collected at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 days post-inoculation (DPI).  Histologic lesions in infected groups were observed as follow: congestion and hyperplasia of epithelium in trachea, pneumonia, hemorrhage and urinary tubules necrosis in kidneys, congestion of sinusoid spaces and portal vein in liver, lymphocyte depletion in the bursa of fabricius, hyperplasia of lymphoid Follicles in spleen, congestion and heterophil infiltration in thymus and increased of lymphoid Follicles in cecal tonsil. The results of this study showed that infected chickens by H9N2 AI virus under secondary infection with ORT cause increased histopathological lesions induced by virus. Manuscript profile

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4 - Slaughterhouse prevalence of Parabronema skrjabini associated with pathologic lesions in small ruminant
Kheirandish, R., Radfar, M.H., Azizi, SH., Masnavipoor, A. .

Gastrointestinal parasites (GIN) cause weight loss and reduced productions especially in small ruminant especially in subclinical parasitic infections. Severity of infection depends on geographical condition and climate area. Information about various parasites can be e More

Gastrointestinal parasites (GIN) cause weight loss and reduced productions especially in small ruminant especially in subclinical parasitic infections. Severity of infection depends on geographical condition and climate area. Information about various parasites can be effective in better diagnosis and treatment. Parabronema skrjabini is one of a common abomasal nematode. No study is present on the pathologic findings and hypobiotic larvae of this nematode in the veterinary literature. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the prevalence of parasite, pathologic lesions and arrested larval stage in sheep and goats in Kerman province. In the present study, the abomasums of 1189 slaughtered sheep and goats were selected randomly and examined grossly for detection of nematodes. 807 (67.87%) out of 1189 infected abomasums with different nematodes that 307 (32/12%) samples showed pure contamination with Parabronema skrjabini. 247out of 307 abomasums were randomly selected for tissue digestion with pepsin and histopathologic investigation. No larvae were found in digested tissues. In pathologic study, the mucosal erosions and ulcers, thickening of abomasum mucosal later and increasing mucus secretion were grossly observed. Histopathologic study showed hyperplasia of mucosal cells, decreasing of parietal cells, inflammatory reaction including lymphocytes and eosinophils infiltration associated with different sections of adult nematode in the abomasal glands. Also, granulomatous inflammation was found around some nematode sections.  Manuscript profile

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5 - Histopathological study of the effect of pentoxifylline on experimental chronic non-bacterial prostatitis induced by carrageenan in rat
Hajighorbani, M., Ahmadi-hamedani, M. *, Shahab, E., Hayati, F., Kafshdoozan, K., Ghafari Kalili, S., Jebelli Javan, A. .

Determination of histopathological criteria of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis (CNP), as the most common type of prostatitis syndrome, is highly effective to better understanding of pathophysiology and finding therapeutic strategies of this disease. Interest in pentox More

Determination of histopathological criteria of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis (CNP), as the most common type of prostatitis syndrome, is highly effective to better understanding of pathophysiology and finding therapeutic strategies of this disease. Interest in pentoxifylline (PTX) has been renewed because of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of this drug. The aim of this study was to evaluate histopathological criteria of CNP in rat and to investigate the effectiveness of pentoxifylline on these criteria. Thirty male adult Wistar rats were divided into negative control, CNP control, standard and treatment groups. The negative control group received orally 1 ml saline normal for 21 consecutive days CNP was induced by single intraprostatic injection of 1% carrageenan (100 µl) in CNP control, standard and treatment groups. CNP control, standard and treatment groups received orally 1 ml saline normal, cernilton 100 mg/kg and PTX at 50 and 100 mg/kg 1 week after CNP induction for 21 consecutive days. Results showed that in the CNP control group, the PI was significantly increased as compared to negative control group (P<0.01). A significant reduction in the PI was observed in standard and treatment groups, especially PTX 50 mg/kg, in comparison with the CNP control group (P<0.05). Histopathological studies have shown a considerable improvement in the prostatic histoarchitecture in standard and treatment groups, especially PTX 50 mg/kg, in comparison with the CNP control group. Manuscript profile

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6 - An experimental study of histopathological lesions of secondary infection with H9N2 avian influenza virus following inoculation by Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in SPF chickens
آیدین Azizpour زهرا Amirajam راحم , khoshbakht نورالدین Hosseinpour Azad

10.30495/jcp.2023.22494

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the type, severity and extent of tissue lesions induced by secondary infection with avian influenza virus following inoculation by ORT in SPF chickens. Sixty, one-day-old SPF chicks were provided and divided randomly into three More

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the type, severity and extent of tissue lesions induced by secondary infection with avian influenza virus following inoculation by ORT in SPF chickens. Sixty, one-day-old SPF chicks were provided and divided randomly into three groups. At the age of 21 days, the chicks in the first group were inoculated only with ORT and second group inoculated first with ORT and three days later with H9N2 virus. Each bird in third group was received only with PBS as control. Tissue samples were taken from trachea, lungs, liver, kidneys, bursa of fabricius, thymus, spleen and cecal tonsils for histopathological studies and after preparation and tissue sections were stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) method. In chickens of the first group, ORT bacteria in addition to cause tissue lesions in organs of the respiratory system (loss of cilia with infiltration of mononuclear cells under the mucosa in the trachea, hyperemia and pneumonia in the lung), liver (congestion of sinusoids and central veins) and the kidneys (Hemorrhage and necrosis of urinary tubes) in  immune system organs also cause tissue lesions such as lymphocyte depletion in the bursa of fabricius, congestion and heterophil infiltration in thymus and increase in the of lymphoid follicles in the spleen and cecal tonsils. The histopathological lesions in chickens of the second group was more severe and longer than that of the first group. Tissue changes were not observed in control group. The results of this study showed that in chickens inoculated by ORT and under secondary infection with avian influenza virus cause exacerbate and prolongation histopathological lesions induced by ORT. Manuscript profile

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7 - Histological effects of feeding with different sources of zinc and iron (nano-particles and mineral form) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
hasan sahraei Seyyed Aliakbar Hedayati Sarallah Yarmohammadi Barbarestani Mohammad Fakhrian

10.22034/jest.2018.16561.2514

Background and Objective: With the development of nanotechnology and materials science, however, these materials also have been used increasingly with the potential toxic effects of many unknown substances and many nano-particles were built with new properties and new d More

Background and Objective: With the development of nanotechnology and materials science, however, these materials also have been used increasingly with the potential toxic effects of many unknown substances and many nano-particles were built with new properties and new despite. Therefore, in this study the effects of feeding with different sources of iron and zinc in the tissue of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were measured. Material and Methodology: For this purpose, 420 common carp (with an average initial weight 45±4.7 g) was prepared, the fish sterilization and adapted to the laboratory conditions for 10 days. Then fish were randomly divided into seven groups, the first group was considered as control groups respectively and other fish received values of 10, 50 and 100 micrograms of iron and zinc nano-particles per gram of food for 60 days. Findings: Microscopic studies of organs (liver, kidney) study showed that increasing the concentration of nano-materials could have more evenly histopathological lesions in the liver tissue and cells. In the medium and low concentrations of both nano-particle and in high doses of iron nano-particles, by removing the inducer tissues could again resume their physiological activity, but in high doses, unlike the iron nano-particles, the repair tissue was not resumable. Discussion and Conclusion:  From the above results it can be concluded that increasing the concentration of the nano-particles could increase tissue damage and can be considerable factors. Manuscript profile

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8 - The Psychometric Properties of Generalized Pathological Unternet Use Scale(GPIUS) in Internet Users Students of Isfahan Universities
سید سلمان علوی فرشته جنتی فرد محمدرضا مرآثی حسین رضاپور

This study investigated reliability and validi-ty (psychomet- ric properties) of GPIUS. This is a descriptivea- nalytical research. For this pur-pose 400 Isfahan university students were sub-jected. Sampling method was quota sampling .samples completed demographic ques- More

This study investigated reliability and validi-ty (psychomet- ric properties) of GPIUS. This is a descriptivea- nalytical research. For this pur-pose 400 Isfahan university students were sub-jected. Sampling method was quota sampling .samples completed demographic ques-tionnaire, IAT, YDQ and GPIUS. finally clinical interview (based on DSM-IV-TR) was per-formed for all of the samples. For data analysis we have used factor analysis, internal consis-tency, split half, and Kronbach’ ROC Curve by SPSS Software. Factor analysis by principal component and Varimax rotation revealed seven factors for GPIUS .It has acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach =0/90), split half (r=0/81) relia- bility, discriminative validity (r=0/55) and concurrent validity (0/55 ,0/61).best cut of point for this questionnaire is 63 There-fore GPIUS has acceptable psychometric properties and this is a valid and reliable in-strument that may be used in research on inter-net addiction. Manuscript profile

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9 - The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Group Training on the Psychopathological Symptoms in Fat Women
asghar kamran Mehrdad havazadeh kamal moghtadaei Asieyeh Abrahiemi

10.30486/jsrp.2018.544565

This study intended to investigate the effectiveness of Mmindfulness group training on the psychopathological symptoms in fat women. The researcher employed a semi-experimental method-ology with pre-post-test using available sampling. The participants were 25 fat women More

This study intended to investigate the effectiveness of Mmindfulness group training on the psychopathological symptoms in fat women. The researcher employed a semi-experimental method-ology with pre-post-test using available sampling. The participants were 25 fat women from Isfahan provenience. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups.The researcher used(SCL-90)  questionnaire .The results of covariance analysis indicated that mindfulness group training of fat woman was effective on pathological symptoms. Moreover, dimensions on psychopathology showed that the effectiveness of group learning mindfulness on anxiety and obsession was not significantl in post-test. However, it was significant in follow up stage(p<0/05) The effectiveness of group learning on depression and somatization was also meaningful(p<0/05). Key words: group learning, mindfulness, psychopathological symptom, fat women Manuscript profile

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10 - Survey of Toxicity and Histopathological Impact of Phenol on the Gill, Liver and Kidney of the Prelarvae of the Iranian Sturgeon(Acipenser persicus
Alireza Soleimani ASgar Karim Abadi

Inroduction & Objective: Today, the new methods for evaluating the toxic effects of the chemical compounds on the living organisms in fresh and salt water ecosystems was presented. These techniques include molecular , biochemical and cytological methods to study the inf More

Inroduction & Objective: Today, the new methods for evaluating the toxic effects of the chemical compounds on the living organisms in fresh and salt water ecosystems was presented. These techniques include molecular , biochemical and cytological methods to study the influence of pollutants were usedas biological markers. Survey of the critical toxicof phenol in the embryonic phase of the Persian sturgeon (Acipenserpersicus) is necessary, because of the ecological and economic importance of this fish as an endangered native species on the Caspian sea , the extent of water pollution dispersion and increasing oil derivatives such as phenolic compoundsin this sea.Material and Methods:In present study , effects of phenol on Acipenserpersicus on the embryonic 38 phase (3dph) was evaluated . The acute toxicity test for 96h is performed in fully static water condition with aeration .According to OECD standard for evaluating theacutetoxicityofphenol , seven concentrations of phenol (140,115,90,65,40,25,10 mg/l) and control in three replications were used in the static condition .Meanwhile , three concentrations of phenol (40,25,10 mg/l) and control in three replications were used in the semi-static conditionfor surveying the effects of the sublethal concentration's phenol on the gill ,liver and kidney as cytological biomarkers during prelarvae period to the beginning activity of feeding .The deformities and mortalities of prelarvaewere collected every day and fixed by immersion in Bouin fluid for 24h and then transferred to ethanol 70% .Fish were dehydrated in an ethanol series of ascending concentrations , embedded in paraffin , and serially sectioned at 7 μm thickness on a microtome . The sections weredried for 24h and stained with H&E .Results: Maximum Allowable Toxicant Concentration of phenol forprelarvae'sAcipenserpersicus was 1.95 mg/l . Histopathological changes in the gill , liver, kidney werenoticed . The histological alterations were found in the sections including blood congestion and hyperplasia in the gills , cellular atrophy , nuclear degeneration and melanine aggregates in the liver , tubular degeneration , dilation glomerular capillaries and interstitial spaces degeneration in the kidney .Conclusion:In conclusion , the present study was showed that the concentration of pollutants like phenol compounds in the aquatic ecosystems effects on the development of the prelarvae's Persian sturgeon , thus it is essential to enhance our knowledge on toxic effects of the pollutants on the endangered species like Persian sturgeon. Manuscript profile

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11 - Comparison of the Efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy with integrated therapy based on emotional adjustment and adolescents defense echanisms in reducing pathological of the Internet and mobile
Maedeh Moeinoddini Farah lotfi kashani Abdollah Shafieabadi

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dialectical behavior therapy on emotion regulation and defense mechanisms in reducing the pathologic usage of the internet. This research was quasi - experimental with pre - test - post test design with control grou More

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dialectical behavior therapy on emotion regulation and defense mechanisms in reducing the pathologic usage of the internet. This research was quasi - experimental with pre - test - post test design with control group. The statistical population consisted of all high school students in district 1 of Tehran who were studying in 2011 - 2012. Among them, students who gained high scores in internet addiction test were randomly divided into three groups (experimental and control). The data were analyzed using chi - square, fisher “s exact test, t - test, chi - square and fisher “s exact test. Then both experimental groups received one - minute sessions (one session per week) therapy and dialectical behavior therapy but the control group was on the waiting list. The results of statistical analysis show that both dialectic and cognitive therapy are effective in reducing internet addiction to the control group but there is no significant difference between two treatments. Manuscript profile

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12 - Association between biochemical parameters and pathological findings in the diagnosis of fatty liver in dairy cows
Mehran Shojaei shahin Nejat maryam karimi dehkordi Abdolrasool Namjoo

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of some serum parameters in the diagnosis of fatty liver in cattle with special attention to its degree and to determine the best cut point of these parameters in order to predict the occurrence of fatty liver. Blood More

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of some serum parameters in the diagnosis of fatty liver in cattle with special attention to its degree and to determine the best cut point of these parameters in order to predict the occurrence of fatty liver. Blood and liver samples of 28 cows were taken at the time of slaughter. Serum concentrations of liver enzymes, bilirubin, protein, and lipid profile were determined and the ratio of blood lipids to HDL was calculated. BCS and age of the cows were also recorded. ROC statistical model was used to determine critical thresholds for fatty liver prediction. As the severity of fatty liver increases, AST, GGT, cholesterol and HDL increases, and these can be used as a biomarker to identify severe and mild fatty liver. Also, the severity of the disease increases as the BCS decreases and age increases. ROC analysis showed that AST, GGT, protein, cholesterol to HDL, BCS and age are suitable for predicting the disease. The best cut-off point for predicting fatty liver was suggested as 55.05 IU/L for AST, 14 U/L for GGT, 6.55 mg/dl for total protein and 3.18 for cholesterol to HDL ratio. The best cut point for BCS and age was 4.25 and 6.5 years, respectively. The result showed that measurement of liver enzymes and lipid profile is of acceptable diagnostic importance in determining the degree of fatty liver in cows in field conditions and can be a suitable method to replace liver biopsy. Manuscript profile

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13 - A Meta-analysis of the Pathological Perspective in Regional Documentary Studies Based on the Area Level
maryam Sejodi keramatollah ziari majid yasoori ahmad Pourahmad

Pathological view of controversial issues such as the regional sphere in which different sciences and attitudes are involved in its conceptual, functional, and executive foundations is very important. For this purpose, the present study aims to have a meta-analysis of t More

Pathological view of controversial issues such as the regional sphere in which different sciences and attitudes are involved in its conceptual, functional, and executive foundations is very important. For this purpose, the present study aims to have a meta-analysis of the pathological view in internal documentary studies based on the level of the region. Work process at the level of documents such as upstream documents and reports, some published and unpublished drafts, provincial cover projects, among doctoral dissertations and master theses and articles (scientific research, extension science, and journal conference) relied on two phases; The first stage is based on the method of documentary methods and collection of primary and secondary sources and documents (categorized damages) and the second stage is based on meta-analysis methods, content analysis, and grounded theory (obvious and hidden case damages). The obtained results show that in the first stage, the most important results of categorized damages have an emphasis on document approach, method and procedure, area management, economic issues, concepts and ideas, practical field and implementation, and in the second stage among the 54 types of research in the field of the nature of research with the highest frequency with 42 cases with applied research, in the field of research method with the highest frequency with 25 cases with survey-field, in the field of data collection techniques with the highest frequency equal to 27 cases were resulted based on a questionnaire. Also, 31 cases had the reliability of measuring instruments, of which 27 cases had an average between 0.7 and 0.9. Also, 43 of them had research hypotheses or questions, and finally, considering the use of the majority of research from an analytical framework, the application of the nature of research in the use of theories shows that most research studies, or 48 of them, are only based on theory testing and the rest of them have been a kind of theory testing supported by providing models and suggestions. Thus they can be included in the theory-based research; however, they did not fully have the policy and principles of fundamental and theoretical research. Manuscript profile

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14 - Histopathological study on acute toxicity of nanochelating based silver nanoparticles in mouse model
Seyedeh Mahsan Hoseinialfatemi Abdollah Karimi Fatemeh Fallah Shahnaz Armin Maryam Hafizi Somaye Kalanaki

10.22034/jna.2019.1865722.1137

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15 - Histopathological study on acute toxicity of nanochelating based silver nanoparticles in mouse model
Seyedeh Mahsan Hoseini-Alfatemi Fatemeh Fallah Abdollah Karimi Maryam Hafizi Shahnaz Armin Somaye Kalanaki

10.22034/jna.2019.668025

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16 - Anatomo-Pathological Consequences of Mycotoxins Contamination in Rabbits Feed
آ. تینلی جی. پسانتینو آ. پریلو ن. زیزو

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17 - ارزیابی شیمیایی و هیستوپاتولوژیکی در کبد جنین جوجه‌های تیمار شده با یک فرمولاسیون دلتامترین تجاری
ن. بهاسکر ل. شاهانی

در این مطالعه اثرات هپاتوتوکسیک دلتامترین با فرمولاسیون Decis® بر تکامل جنین Gallus domesticus بررسی شده است. تخمهای منجمد شده به مدت 60 دقیقه در دمای 37 درجه سلسیوس در سه غلظت مختلف دلتامترین (5/12، 25 و 50 میلیگرم در لیتر) در زمانهای پیش از انکوباسی More

در این مطالعه اثرات هپاتوتوکسیک دلتامترین با فرمولاسیون Decis® بر تکامل جنین Gallus domesticus بررسی شده است. تخمهای منجمد شده به مدت 60 دقیقه در دمای 37 درجه سلسیوس در سه غلظت مختلف دلتامترین (5/12، 25 و 50 میلیگرم در لیتر) در زمانهای پیش از انکوباسیون (0=ED) و روز چهارم انکوباسیون (4=ED) غوطهور شده و تا روز جنینی (16=ED) انکوباسیون گردیدند. تیمار 50 میلیگرم دلتامترین در 0 =ED و 4 =ED به ترتیب کاهش معنی داری در محتوای پروتئین کل و گلیکوژن کل کبد نشان دادند. ولی محتوای گلوتاتیون در هر دو ED در همه غلظتها کاهش یافت. در بین آنزیمها، فعالیت آلکالین فسفاتاز کبدی به طور معنی داری در 25 و 50 میلیگرم در لیتر دلتامترین در زمانهای 0 =ED و 4 =ED به طور معنی داری افزایش یافته ولی فعالیت گلوتامات پیرووات ترانس آمیناز تنها در غلظت 50 میلیگرم در لیتر دلتامترین و و 4 =ED افزایش معنی داری نشان داد. در ارزیابی هیستوپاتولوژیکی، ضایعات سلولی متوسط تا زیاد در بخش‌هایی از کبد جنینهای تیمار شده با حشرهکش دیده شد. این نتایج نشان داد با افزایش بیشتر غلظت دلتامترین مورد استفاده، میزان اغلب این تغییرات نیز شدیدتر بود. تغییرات پاتولوژیکی مشاهده شده شامل دژنره شدن و نکروز سلولهای کبدی، واکوئله شدن سیتوپلاسمی، توسعه و پرخونی فضاهای سینوزوئید عدم فیلتراسیون لوکوسیتها و گشادی و پرخونی سیاهرگ میانی بودند. Manuscript profile

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18 - Presenting a Model of the Urban Facade's Visual Pathology Process (Case Study: Pathological Process of Façade's Components on Visual Clutter)
Mercedeh Tahmasbifard Farah Habib Zahra Sadat Saeideh Zarabadi

One of the most important problems of urban planners today is the disorder and visual clutter of the urban landscape. Various factors effectively shape the city's image, one of the most important of which is the urban facades. One of the goals of creating a beautif More

One of the most important problems of urban planners today is the disorder and visual clutter of the urban landscape. Various factors effectively shape the city's image, one of the most important of which is the urban facades. One of the goals of creating a beautiful facade is that it will make the building more attractive and ultimately increase its visual weight and will have a better effect on the mood of the residents and visitors of the building. Dissatisfaction with the current state of facades has led to the efforts of city planners and architects to organize urban facades. One of the ways to help this issue is pathology and providing a model for visual pathology. For this reason, this research seeks to provide a model of the visual pathology process of the urban facade and to achieve this model, it has examined the pathology process of the facade components in creating visual clutter. Finally, this research presents a new pathologic method and process that can be used to examine single-facade and urban facade damage and prepare supporting documents in urban design and development, and provide a checklist to subordinate organizations to assess facade damage (specified codes). Manuscript profile

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19 - Marital conflict and the role of child temperament
Fatemeh Gharehbaghy Maria A.Vafaie

This study examined the mediating and moderating role of child temperament in the relationship between marital conflict and the child's affective-behaviorals symptoms, physical and psychosocial health. 220 female and 193 male elementary school students (fifth grade) wer More

This study examined the mediating and moderating role of child temperament in the relationship between marital conflict and the child's affective-behaviorals symptoms, physical and psychosocial health. 220 female and 193 male elementary school students (fifth grade) were selected using stratified random sampling. Their mother were administered the O'Leary-Porter Overt Hostitility Scale (Porter & O'Leary, 1980), the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised (Putnam, Ellis & Rothbart, 2001), and the Child Health Questionnaire-Parent Form (Landgraf & Abetz, 1996). In addition, mothers and teachers of the students completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (Goodman, 1997). Regression analysis of data indicated that marital conflict and child temperment were predictors of child psychopathological symptoms and health. Marital conflict was positively correlated with negative temperament, and negatively correlated with positive temperament. The moderating role of child's positive temperaament and effortful control in marital conflict and child health was posited, as well as the mediating effect of child temperament in the relation between marital confict and child behavioral symptoms. The implications based on the research findings are discussed.      Manuscript profile

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20 - Neurofeedback therapy"an effective treatment for addiction
Fatemeh Dehghani Arani Reza Rostami Abbas Rahiminejad

The efficacy of neurofeedback treatment on psychopathological symptoms in addicted male patients was assessed. Participants were 20 opiate dependent patients who was seeking medication treatment. After completing the Symptom ChekcList-90-Revised (Derogatis, 1975), parti More

The efficacy of neurofeedback treatment on psychopathological symptoms in addicted male patients was assessed. Participants were 20 opiate dependent patients who was seeking medication treatment. After completing the Symptom ChekcList-90-Revised (Derogatis, 1975), participants were randomly assigned to an experimental or a witness group. The experimental group received 30 sessions of neurofeedback therapy and medication. The witness group received only medication. The results of MANCOVA showed a significant reduction in the experimental group of symptoms of hypochondria, obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, aggression, and psychosis. The neurofeddback treatment with medication more effecitvely relieved psychopathological symptoms in opiate dependent patients, than medication treatment alone.        Manuscript profile

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21 - Pathological Study of the Kidney and Histopathologic Alteration Index in Yellow Fin Sea Bream (Achantopagrus latus) as a Bioindicator of the Contaminant Effects in the Persian Gulf
Z. Soleimani N. Salamat A. Safahieh A. Savari M.T. Ronagh

Marine pollution is one of the main concerns of countries surrounding the Persian Gulf, which receives a great deal of contaminations. In this study, the histological alterations of kidney in Achanthopagrus latus collected from Musa creek were used to evaluate the effec More

Marine pollution is one of the main concerns of countries surrounding the Persian Gulf, which receives a great deal of contaminations. In this study, the histological alterations of kidney in Achanthopagrus latus collected from Musa creek were used to evaluate the effects of pollution on the aquatic organisms. In the present study, 50 A. latus were collected from five sampling stations in Musa creek including 1. Petrochemical, 2. Jaafari, 3. Majidieh, 4. Ghazaleh, and 5. Zangi. The kidneys of the fishes were separated and fixed in Bouin‘s solution for 12 h. The samples were then studied based on the routine histological methods. The histopathological changes in the kidneys of A. latus included glomerular dilatation, reduction of urinary space, melanomacrophages aggregations, occlusion of tubular lumen, tubular degeneration and necrosis. Histopathological Alteration Index (HAI) was determined based on the frequency of pathological changes in kidney of the fishes. The highest level of HAI for kidney of A. latus was observed at the Petrochemical station. The lowest level of HAI was related to Zangi station. The results of present study showed that the histopathological alternations of kidney in Achantopagrus latus are caused by the Musa creek contamination and there is close relation between the amount of these alterations and the environmental pollution. Manuscript profile

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22 - Histopathological survey on Salinomycin toxicity in broiler chickens infected by experimental coccidiosis
F. Moayer Sh Shojaei, H. Hosseini مطهر Esfandyari,

Coccidiosis is a signifcant problem in the industrial poultry raising systems and several drugs are being used in order to prevent and treat this problem. Ionophores are the most common anticoccidials drug. Salinomycin has an extreme use in Iran poultry industry as a More

Coccidiosis is a signifcant problem in the industrial poultry raising systems and several drugs are being used in order to prevent and treat this problem. Ionophores are the most common anticoccidials drug. Salinomycin has an extreme use in Iran poultry industry as a coccidiostat drug, this study has been performed to evaluate toxicity effects of its overdoses in broiler chickens infected by experimental coccidiosis on the basis of histopathological fndings. 50 female Cobb-500 day-old chicks randomly divided in 5 groups (control positive, control negative and treatment 1, 2 and 3). All chickens were infected by Eimeria strains included 25% E.tenella, 40% E.maxima, 20% E.acervulina and 15% E.necatrix in oral administration of 100 (equal to 10000 Oocysts). Control positive group was received preventing dose of Salinomycin (75 ppm). Chickens in treatment groups 1, 2 and 3 received 150, 300 and 600 ppm of drug respectively and in negative control group no drug was added after contamination. During the study, external symptoms and necropsy fndings were exactly evaluated. The tissue samples were fxed in neutral buffered 10% formalin, routinely embedded in paraffn and stained with H&E. Results indicated that higher doses (up to 75 ppm) of Salinomycin increase depression and paralysis. Toxicated chickens were depressed and muscles atrophy, falling down of wings and neck and also green diarrhea were observed obviously. Macroscopic examination confrmed that enhancement the dose of Salinomycin signifcantly prevent intestinal villi and mucous destruction due to Eimeria invasion, but inﬂuence growing performance considerably. Acute Cell Swelling (ACS) in proximal tubules and Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) were obvious pathologic fndings in kidneys. Microscopic fndings indicate congestion and hemorrhage in the majority of tissues with necrosis and accumulation of inﬂammatory cells. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Pathological Findings in Aborted Fetuses of Dairy Herds of Tehran
فریبرز Moayer, اورنگ Ataee, F. Mosakhani, A. Bahonar

Abortion and fetal loss are the most important problems in industrial dairy cattle, which causing a lot of economiclosses to dairy herds. Abortion causes are classifed into two major classes. Infectious and non-infectious classes,Bacterial, viral, fungal and protozoal a More

Abortion and fetal loss are the most important problems in industrial dairy cattle, which causing a lot of economiclosses to dairy herds. Abortion causes are classifed into two major classes. Infectious and non-infectious classes,Bacterial, viral, fungal and protozoal agents are in infectious causes of abortion and nutritional factors, chemicals,drugs, poisons, are in non-infectious class, poisonous plants and hormonal factors are in non-infectious causes ofabortion. Many infectious agents cause changes in fetus and placenta which some of them are specifc and someare shared with other agents. Many aborted fetuses can be detected by careful review of pathological fndingsand can be solved in order to be tried in the herd. Pathological changes in aborted fetuses can be investigatedby macroscopic and microscopic survey. On the basis of existing studies, some of the pathological lesions arecompletely specifc and can be detected by microscopic observation. To determine the causes of abortion inTehran province dairy herds and their macroscopic and microscopic lesions, 200 aborted fetuses were collectedin four consecutive seasons. After necropsy, the macroscopic lesions in their various organs were observed andtissue samples obtained from the brain, cerebellum, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, lung and skeletal muscle werefxed in neutral buffered 10% formalin, routinely embedded in paraffn and stained with H&E. The results ofthis study showed that most abortions in dairy herds of the west region of Tehran province are due to 4 diseases:Neosporosis, BVD, Leptospirosis and IBR. On the basis of these results, each one had its specifc histopathologicalcharacteristics which can be used for the purpose of diagnosis. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Pathological Study of articles on Ferdowsi and Shahnameh from 1380 to 1385.
Zahra Saadatifar Aboalghasem Ghavam mohammadjafar yahaghi

AbstractResearches conducted on Shahnameh in the 1380s in comparison with the earlier years had proliferated and numerous articles employing novel approaches had been published in the journals of this period.  Recognizing the shortcomings of certain articles in ter More

AbstractResearches conducted on Shahnameh in the 1380s in comparison with the earlier years had proliferated and numerous articles employing novel approaches had been published in the journals of this period.  Recognizing the shortcomings of certain articles in terms of structure and content are quite important in view of the abundance of materials found in the domain of Shahnameh studies from 1380 to 1385, hence the criticism and pathology of such works is an essential task.  The purpose of this article is to criticize and evaluate a number of such articles using the pathological approach.  The research method is descriptive analytic one and the data collection method is library based. Defects such as incompatibility of title with the content, reference to inauthentic Shahnameh editions, inattention to main sources and prior researches, shallow interpretation and concentration on description, repetition of themes, unsystematic and unscientific manner of writing critical essays, employing inappropriate language, imposing meaning to the text, and structural flaws are examined in this study.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - The Role of Pathological Personality Dimensions in Predicting Dark Te trad Personality
rahim yousefi Golamreza Chalbianloo arezoo ahmadpour

The dark personality traits have expanded as a new and integrated model of combining existing personality theories and in the last decade, it has attracted a lot of attention in the field of personality pathology models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the More

The dark personality traits have expanded as a new and integrated model of combining existing personality theories and in the last decade, it has attracted a lot of attention in the field of personality pathology models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of pathological personality dimensions in predicting dark tetrad personality traits. For this purpose, 400 people (226 women and 174 men) were selected from the students of Tabriz universities by convenience sampling and were evaluated in terms of dark tetrad personality traits and the pathological personality dimensions. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the five dimensions of pathological personality including negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition and psychoticism are related to the Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, Sadism. The results showed that Machiavellianism predicted by antagonism; psychopathy predicted by antagonism and detachment; narcissism predicted by antagonism, detachment and negative affectivity; Sadism predicted by antagonism. It is noteworthy that antagonism as one of the pathological personality dimensions predicted all four dark personality traits. It can be concluded that the dark personality traits can be rooted in maladaptive personality dimensions and aspects. Manuscript profile

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