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        1 - Analyzing the shortcomings of the modern bureaucratic system in Iran with a periodic comparative approach and designing a comprehensive model of bureaucratic leadership
        Enayat Allah Aghaei Alireza Shirvani Ali Rashidpour Farzad Karimi
        Context: cultural, social and political differences of the countries have been the source of additional problems in the application of the bureaucratic model. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze the inadequacies of the modern bureaucratic system in Iran More
        Context: cultural, social and political differences of the countries have been the source of additional problems in the application of the bureaucratic model. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze the inadequacies of the modern bureaucratic system in Iran with a periodic comparative approach and to design a comprehensive model of bureaucratic leadership based on the leadership teachings of Cyrus the Great. Methods: Among the related concepts, 128 lessons were obtained by using the comparative content analysis method in the field of three common components of leadership. In the community of experts, the snowball method was used and 13 people participated in the implementation of the three-step Delphi technique. The verification of extracted variables in the form of three components was done by using the opinion of experts and its validity was confirmed by professors and management, cultural and historical experts. Findings: show that in the design of a comprehensive leadership model, "correctness of leadership", "honesty in leadership", "the existence of strategic thinking", respectively, have the highest rank among outstanding leadership traits, principles and skills. Conclusion: model, Cyrus the Great had what today's thinkers consider as leadership traits, principles and skills, and this is a source of pride. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Identifying the strategies for implementing the cooperative learning approach in order to develop the leadership skills of elementary school students through meta- synthesis and focus group.
        Fahima Ansarizadeh Keramati Mohammad Reza seyfollah fazlollahi
        Although previous studies have highlighted the challenges of implementing the cooperative learning approach, they have not addressed the implementation strategies of this approach in order to develop students' leadership skills. On the other hand, studies have shown tha More
        Although previous studies have highlighted the challenges of implementing the cooperative learning approach, they have not addressed the implementation strategies of this approach in order to develop students' leadership skills. On the other hand, studies have shown that leadership skills can be taught to children, but they have not clearly revealed how this happens. The aim of this study is to combine the results of national and international studies in order to fill this research gap. Sandelowski and barroso method was used in this study. Data were coded through Atlas T software. In order to complete, modify and validate the data, the method of focus groups was also used. Based on the results of the present study, improving curriculum elements such as facilities, subjects, learning environment, teacher and student, and improving the attitude of stakeholders and stakeholders can provide the basis for the development of leadership skills in students. The results indicated the prominence of some skills such as creativity, problem solving, self-confidence, adaptability, empathy, criticism, and responsibility. Some skills, such as adaptability, acceptability of criticism, revealed new dimensions of leadership skills and were able to contribute to the development of knowledge in this field. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that developing leadership skills through cooperative learning approach in educational activities in the classroom environment is feasible. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Construction a leadership Skills’ Self - Rating Scale for Management’ students
        ali khalkhali
        Management students are future leaders at any country. Management Universities convey managerial knowledge to their students adequately, but creating, improving and strengthening their leadership skills are not ensured. The present article investigates a self-assessment More
        Management students are future leaders at any country. Management Universities convey managerial knowledge to their students adequately, but creating, improving and strengthening their leadership skills are not ensured. The present article investigates a self-assessment tool for management students whereby they can evaluate their leadership potentials at any time. The research type was a survey. The population included all students from different fields of management at the Mazandaran province. The sample size 331 (169 males and 162 females) were selected by cluster method. To prepare a draft of questionnaire first the basic layout of the questionnaire was developed based on the literature and current tools about leadership skills. To develop the tool were used the principal component analysis, correlation coefficient and Cronbach's alpha methods. The results show that the leadership skills for management students can be divided into seven comprehensive factors. Based on the factors, each student can check his/her leadership skills and prepare an action plan for improving the skills. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Identify and prioritize the skrills of school leaders
        Hamed Ranjbar nader ُSoleimani Hamid Shafizadeh
        The aim of this research was to identify the most important skills of educational leaders and with a mixed exploratory method. The statistical population in the qualitative section included professors and experts with scientific achievements in the field of leadership a More
        The aim of this research was to identify the most important skills of educational leaders and with a mixed exploratory method. The statistical population in the qualitative section included professors and experts with scientific achievements in the field of leadership and educational management at home and abroad, and in the quantitative section, 200 principals with a history of secondary schools in Garmsar in the academic year of 2019-2020 . The sampling method in the qualitative part was snowball and the sample size was determined with a theoretical saturation of 5 people. The data collection tool in the qualitative part was a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative part was a structured questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.82. In order to analyze the data, in the qualitative part, open, axial and selective coding methods preformed and in the quantitative part, the Friedman test was performed. The results of this study showed that among the skills of educational leaders, interpersonal skills with the highest priority and mental-behavioral skills, organizational skills and professional-professional skills are classified in the next ranks, respectively. Manuscript profile