durum wheat

Open Access Article

1 - Efficacy of drought stress on growth stages in advanced durum wheat lines
Varahram Rashidi

To study of efficacy of drought stress on the growth stages of durum wheat, a research split plot experiment based on randomized complete design with 3 replications was conducted at Islamic Azad University Tabriz branch, Agriculture Research Station in 2007. Main facto More

To study of efficacy of drought stress on the growth stages of durum wheat, a research split plot experiment based on randomized complete design with 3 replications was conducted at Islamic Azad University Tabriz branch, Agriculture Research Station in 2007. Main factor was stress in growth stages with 5 levels: a0 (without drought stress), a1 (stress in tillering), a2(stress in steming), a3(stress in flowering), a4 (stress in grain filling period) and minor factors were 8 durum wheat lines. Result of variance analysis showed that drought stress had significant effect on all traits. Also significant interaction of genotypes × stage of drought stress for all traits except biomass showed different behavior of lines for stresses in different growth stages. The drought stress in each growth stage of durum wheat, reduced yield and most effects of them were in tillering and flowering stages. The estimation of correlation between traits showed that there was significant and positive correlation between seed yield with harvest index. In this research, from calculated of resistance indexes, the STI and GMP were determined most suitable indexes, and according to this resistance index, the line of numbers 1 and 2 were of highly yield and most tolerant toward drought stress. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Evaluation of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer effects on yield, components, and seed protein percentage of durum wheat var. Aria
مجتبي احمدی همزیان

To evaluate the plant density and nitrogen fertilizer effects on yield, components, and percentage protein of Durum wheat var. Aria an experiment was carried out in south west of Khoy during 2007. Plant density in three levels (300, 400, 500 grain in m2) as the first fa More

To evaluate the plant density and nitrogen fertilizer effects on yield, components, and percentage protein of Durum wheat var. Aria an experiment was carried out in south west of Khoy during 2007. Plant density in three levels (300, 400, 500 grain in m2) as the first factor and nitrogen fertilizer in five levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 kg per hectare) as the second factor. Result of variation analysis showed that except of leaf number and harvest index, plant density had meaningful effect on other traits. Comparison of the means showed that most grain yields by 659.2 grm-2 obtained in 500 plants per m2. The various levels of nitrogen fertilizer except of leaf number and harvest index had meaningful effect on other traits. The highest grain yield by 711.8 kgm-2 was obtained in 200 kg nitrogen fertilizer per hectare. The opposite effect of nitrogen density only had meaningful effect on protein percentage trait. The highest nitrogen percent (15/36) was obtained in 200 kg nitrogen per hectare by 300 plants per square meter density. There was a strongly correlation between grain yield by biological yield R2≤ 0.947 and between yield component. The rachis numbers by R2≤ 0.947 had most positive correlation by grain yield. By noticing results of this experiment, it is recognized that durum wheat var. Aria by 500 grain per m2 density and 200 kg nitrogen per hectare is recommendable for planting in the zone. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - First report of Fusarium chlamydosporum causing crown rot and dumping of on Durum wheat in Algeria
BENCHEIKH Amor ROUAG Noureddine BOUTALBI Walid BELABED Imane

Several species of Fusarium infect durum wheat plants in the eastern part of Algeria. Endophytic fungus from random wheat seeds were sampled from fifty locations in eastern Algeria and shows the existence of Fusarium chlamydosporum regarding the macroscopic and microsco More

Several species of Fusarium infect durum wheat plants in the eastern part of Algeria. Endophytic fungus from random wheat seeds were sampled from fifty locations in eastern Algeria and shows the existence of Fusarium chlamydosporum regarding the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Molecular identification using EF1 and ITS1 primers were confirmed the presence of Fusarium chlamydosporum for the first time on durum wheat seeds in Algeria. The pathogenicity test was carried out on three durum wheat varieties for determining the effect of this isolate on the coleoptile and basal part of durum wheat. The results show that F.chlamydosporum had a negative impact on seed germination of the three varieties tested. Indeed, the reduction in germination varies between 85 and 92% reduction on GTAdur and Waha varieties, respectively. More, F.chlamydosporum caused a reduction in coleoptiles length in all varieties ranging from 60.97 to 70.05% in GTAdur and Waha, respectively. On the other hand, it showed a very different impact on plant growth parameters. Thus, the action was much more pronounced on reducing the root system length and the fresh weight of the vegetative system of Waha variety equal to 75.04 and 71.15%, respectively, and it is notable for the fresh weight of the root system of Bousselam variety. These very high levels of infectivity prompt us to reconsider our vision for this species of Fusarium in treatment and certification programs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Variations of Phenological and Morphological Traits of Some Promising Durum Wheat Lines (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum)
S. Azarmgin H. Kazemi Arbat H. Zeinali

This study was conducted to evaluate variations of phenological and morphological traits in some promising durum wheat lines. Nineteen lines were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2008. Analysis of variance showed significant diffe More

This study was conducted to evaluate variations of phenological and morphological traits in some promising durum wheat lines. Nineteen lines were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2008. Analysis of variance showed significant differences for traits including days to 50% flowering, plant height, spike length, number of fertile and unfertile spike per m2, seed yield, 1000 grain weight, harvest index, spike diameter, awn length, flag and penultimate leaf area, number of spikelet per spike and number of seed per spike. Comparison of means showed that the lines number 17 and 11 had highest and lowest seed yield, respectively. The most phenotypic and genotypic variation coefficients belonged to seed yield. Lines based on cluster analysis, were classified into 3 groups. This study showed that 1000 grain weight, number of fertile and unfertile spike per m2, harvest index, awn length and seed yield maybe proper indices to select lines for highest seed yields. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Evaluation of Drought Stress Tolerance in Advanced Lines Durum Wheat Using the Selection Index of Ideal Genotype (SIIG)
Sahar Tadili Ali Asghari Rahmatollah Karimizadeh Omid Sofalian Hamidreza Mohammaddoust Chamanabad

10.30495/jcep.2020.671640

Drought tolerance of 18 advanced lines durum wheat were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications under dryland and complementary irrigation conditions in GachsaranAgriculturalResearchCenter at 2016-2017. In this study, traits like days to s More

Drought tolerance of 18 advanced lines durum wheat were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications under dryland and complementary irrigation conditions in GachsaranAgriculturalResearchCenter at 2016-2017. In this study, traits like days to spike formation, days to maturity, plant height, peduncle length, spike length, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, spike number, spike number per m2, canopy temperature reduction of two stages of spike and seed filling, rate of greenness at two stages of spike and grain filling, were measured. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among lines under study for days to spike formation, plant height, peduncle length, spike length, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, crop score, number of seeds per spike, temperature reductions of canopy at two spike stages seed and greenery content in two stages of spike and grain filling were significantly different. Mean comparisons showed that lines 4, 9, 13, 15, 16 and 17 were better than other lines in most traits. Evaluation of sensitive and tolerant lines according to tolerance index (Ti) showed that lines 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 15 and 17, had high Ti index in most traits, were tolerant. Selection for superior lines, based on SIIG and selection of ideal genotype (SIIG) index, were performed. The results of variance analysis of traits based on Ti index showed that difference among lines in terms of 1000 seed weight, reduction of canopy temperature at grain filling stage, seed yield, grain filling period, chlorophyll content at both clustering and grain filling stage, days to reach and number of days to clustering were significant at 1% probability level. Lines 4, 5, 9 and 15 were the highest values of this index and were suitable for growing under dryland conditions. Lines 7, 8, 10 and 14 having lowest value of the SIIG index were sensitive to rainfed condition. The results of this ranking are similar to the results of cluster decomposition based on Ti index. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Effect of Integrated Application of Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillum brasilense and Nitrogen Chemical Fertilizers on Qualitative and Quantitative of Durum Wheat
S. Azadi, S.A. Siyadat R. Naseri A. Soleimani Fard A. Mirzaei

To study the effect of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPR) and mineral nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of three durum wheat cultivars, an experiment was conducted as a split factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications More

To study the effect of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPR) and mineral nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of three durum wheat cultivars, an experiment was conducted as a split factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Dehloran Research Station in Ilam, Iran in 2011-2012 cropping season. Experimental factors consisted of durum wheat (Yavaroosm, Kharkheh and Simareh) was assigned to main plot and nitrogen fertilizers at 3 levels (40, 80 and 120 kg.ha-1) and bio-fertilizer (non-inoculation, inoculating with Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum brasilense) to sub plot. Results of analysis of variance showed that among cultivars studied there were significantly differences at traits under study. Yavaroos had the highest plant height, 1000- grain weight, and biological yield. The highest plant height, 1000- grain weight, biological yield and protein content was obtained by application of 120 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer, but there were not different effect between 80 and 120 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer. Traits under study were affected by using bio-fertilizer. The highest plant height, number grain per spike, 1000- grain weight, grain yield were obtained from inoculation plants with bio-fertilizer. The effect of cultivar by nitrogen chemical fertilizer interaction had significant effect on plant height, number of grain per spike, 1000-grain weight, and spike per meter squared and grain yield. The highest grain yield was obtained from Yavaroos using 120 kg/ha and the lowest grain was observed from Simareh cultivar and 40 kg/ha. Interaction effect of cultivar and bio- fertilizer had significant effect on harvest index only. Nitrogen fertilizer by bio- fertilizer interaction had significant effect on only grain yield, spike/m-2 and grain yield. The highest grain yield was obtained from Yavaroos cultivar when it were inoculation with Azospirillum 120 kg/ha and the lowest grain yield observed Simareh cultivar when it was treated with 40 kg/ha.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Evaluation of Durum Wheat Lines Tolerance to Salinity and Drought Stress under Greenhouse Conditions
A. Gharbi, V. Rashidi A.R. Tarinejad S. Chalabi Yani

This research was carried to evaluate seven durum wheat lines to salinity and drought stress under greenhouse condition at the Faculty of agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in using a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with t More

This research was carried to evaluate seven durum wheat lines to salinity and drought stress under greenhouse condition at the Faculty of agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in using a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications and three factors. These three factors were salinity stress with two levels (non stress and stress with 6.2 ds), drought stress with two levels (non stress and stress with FC %50) and seven durum wheat lines. According to the results of analysis of variance significant differences were observed among investigated lines for the most of the traits. Mean comparison indicated that ARAMIDIS and Yazligh lines exhibited the highest value for the majority traits. Grain yield had positive and significant correlation with the most of the traits. Cluster analysis, based on Ward method, grouped two lines of ARAMIDIS and Yazligh in to the separate and superior groups. However the two lines ARAMIDIS and Yazlig were identified to be resistant to both salinity and drought stress conditions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Study of Genetic Variation in Durum Wheat Genotypes for Agronomic Traits under Rainfed Conditions
A. Soleymanifard, R. Naseri

To evaluate genetic variation for some yield related traits in 16 durum wheat genotypes under rainfed conditions an experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station of Ilam, Iran, durin More

To evaluate genetic variation for some yield related traits in 16 durum wheat genotypes under rainfed conditions an experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station of Ilam, Iran, during growing season of 2006-2007. Traits under study were: plant height, peduncle length, spike length, grains per spike, 1000 grain weight, spike per m2, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index. The results showed that genotypes were significantly different as to the traits studied. The step-wise regression indicated that 75 percent of variation in grain yield under drought stress is explained by spike per m2, 1000 grain weight and plant height. Path analysis of coefficients showed that the direct effects of number of spike per m2 and 1000 grain weight on grain yield were high and positive. According to cluster analysis the genotypes were classified into 3 clusters. Mean comparisons of traits indicated that genotypes belonging to group 2 were superior in grain yield, spike per m2 and 1000 grain weight which are important traits durum wheat breeding programs to be considered in drought stress. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Evaluation of Turkish durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) genotypes based on quantitative traits and shoot zinc accumulation under zinc-deficient calcareous soil
Ezatollah Esfandiari Majid Abdoli Behzad Sadeghzadeh Seyed-Bahman Mousavi

10.30495/ijpp.2018.543415

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Open Access Article

10 - The influence of salt stress on the morpho physiological and biochemical parameters of durum wheat varieties (Triticum durum Desf.)
Nadia CHIAHI

10.30495/ijpp.2020.1882646.1176

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Open Access Article

11 - Effect of phosphorus stress on antioxidant enzyme activities in wheat seedlings (Triticum durum Desf.) under in vitro culture
Naima Boukhalfa-Deraoui Nasrine Salhi Sabrina Bouchelaghem

10.30495/ijpp.2019.666774

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Open Access Article

12 - Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Durum Wheat Genotypes (Triticum turgidum var durum) using Agro-morphological Traits for Resistance to Zinc Deficient Stress
EZATOLLAH ESFANDIARI Majid Abdoli BEHZAD SADEGHZADEH

10.30486/roce.2018.545281

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Open Access Article

13 - Effects of super absorbent polymer, zinc and selenium application on yield and yield components of durum wheat
M. Gholami N. Sajedi M. Gomarian

        In order to effects of  application of super absorbent polymer, zinc and selenium on yield and yield components of durum wheat, an experimental was carried out as  factorial based on complete randomized block design w More

        In order to effects of  application of super absorbent polymer, zinc and selenium on yield and yield components of durum wheat, an experimental was carried out as  factorial based on complete randomized block design with four replicates in the research station of Islamic Azad University- Arak Branch, Iran in 2010-2011. Experimental factors were super absorbent  in two levels of control and 25 kg/ha, zinc sulfate in three levels of control, 25 and 50 kg/ha and selenium in two levels of control and 20 kg/ha. The results showed that the effect of zinc sulfate on the yield and yield components was significant at 1% level. Application of 50 kg/ha zinc sulfate increased grain yield by 13.6% as compared with control. The interaction effect two-way treatments showed that foliar application of selenium along with 50 kg/ha zinc sulfate increased grain yield by 14%. The consumption of 25 kg/ha also super absorbent along with 50 kg/ha zinc sulfate increased grain yield by 18%. The results showed that application of 25 kg/ha super absorbent, 50 kg/ha zinc sulfate and selenium spraying increased grain yield by 19 % as compared with control. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Effects of drought stress on yield and yield components of four durum wheat genotypes
S. Asadpoor H. Madani K. Kalarestaghi A. Mohammadi

This study was done to investigating the effects of drought stress on yield and yield components and determining the best irrigation time of four durum wheat genotypes at agricultural research station of Hadji Abad in Hormozgan province during 2004-2005 cropping season. More

This study was done to investigating the effects of drought stress on yield and yield components and determining the best irrigation time of four durum wheat genotypes at agricultural research station of Hadji Abad in Hormozgan province during 2004-2005 cropping season. The experiments were arrange in Split Plot design and were compared in a CRBD with four replications. Drought stress as the main plot. (non- stress(S1), post-anthesis drought stress (S2), post-grain parmation drought stress (S3),) and durum wheat genotype as the subplot (Yavarous (V4), WD791982 (V3), WD791582 (V2), WD792282 (V1) were considered in the design. Stop irrigation at heading stage was initiated when 80% of the spikes were appeared. Results showed that the attenuate irrigation effects on yield and its components was  significant at 1% level on the 1000 kernel weight of wheat and harvest index the effect was significant at 5%.The attenuate irrigation in heading stage reduced grain yield much more than the others. The interaction effect between drought stress and genotypes was significant at 1% level. The highest grain yield was 5676 kg/ha for WD791982 genotype at non-stress and the lowest grain yield was 2985kg/ha for same genotype at post-anthesis drought stress. It confirmed the sensitivity of that genotype to stop irrigation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Effects of nitroxin, animal manure and nitrogen fertilizer on yields quantity and quality of durum wheat (Triticum durum)
Hadi Jasemi Hamid Reza Eisvand Mashallah Daneshvar

        In order to study of effects of non-chemical N fertilizers (Nitroxin and animal manure) as one of principal of sustainable agriculture and a chemical N fertilizer (ammonium nitrate) on quantity and quality of durum wheat (Var. More

        In order to study of effects of non-chemical N fertilizers (Nitroxin and animal manure) as one of principal of sustainable agriculture and a chemical N fertilizer (ammonium nitrate) on quantity and quality of durum wheat (Var. Yavaros79), a field research was carried out during 2009-2010 in Mehran, a city in Ilam Province of Iran. The experiment was factorial on base of CRBD with three replications. The factors including Nitroxin (0 and 2lit/ha), rotted sheep manure (0 and 30 ton/ha) and N fertilizer (0, 70% and 100% of N requirement according to soil experiment). Using of animal manure increased plant height, awn length, harvest index, grain protein and finally improved grain and biological yields. But, Nitroxin biofertilizer did not significant effect on biological and economical yield; it only increased grain protein. Application of N fertilizer (70% of N requirement) had a positive effect on grain yield and grain protein equal to using animal manure, but using over than 70% was not useful. Because of importance and beneficial roles of non-chemical fertilizer in sustainable agriculture, it is suggested that a mixture of rotted animal manure and Nitroxin be used instead of N fertilizer in production system of durum wheat.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Agronomical characteristics responses of durum wheat to super absorbent polymers, zinc and selenium compounds application
M. Gholami N. Sajedi M. Gomarian

In order to investigate the effect of super absorbent polymer and zinc and selenium on wheat agronomic traits, an experiment was carried out as factorial based on RCBD with four replications in the research station of Islamic Azad University- Arak Branch, Iran in 2010-2 More

In order to investigate the effect of super absorbent polymer and zinc and selenium on wheat agronomic traits, an experiment was carried out as factorial based on RCBD with four replications in the research station of Islamic Azad University- Arak Branch, Iran in 2010-2011 crop season. Experimental factors were including of two levels of 0 and 25 kg ha-1  super absorbent, zinc sulphate at three levels of 0, 25 and 50 kg ha-1 and selenium in two levels of control and 20 kg ha-1.The results showed that application of  50 kg ha-1 zinc sulphate  increased spike length, productivity index as compared to control by  6.7, 7.2 and 6% respectively. Dual interaction of foliar application of  selenium along with consumption of 50 kg ha-1   of zinc sulphate increased grain yield by 14%. Application of 25 kg ha-1  super absorbent along with 25 kg ha-1 zinc sulphate could be increase grain yield and productivity index as compared to control by 15.3 and 16.3%, respectively.Interactionof  three-way treatments showed that maximum grain yield equal to 3502 kg ha-1    was obtained from treatment of 25 kg ha-1 super absorbent along with 50 kg ha-1 zinc sulphate and 18 g ha-1  selenium  that with treatment 25 kg ha-1 super absorbent along with 50 kg ha-1 zinc sulphate and without  selenium with grain yield  equal to 3385 kg ha-1 were in a group. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - evaluation genetic diversity to resistant genotypes of drought stress in durum wheat with using SSR molecular markers.
seyed saeed noorinia Shahab Sadat

To evaluated of efficiency of selection by markers (MAS). 20 genotypes durum wheat was conducted as a split plot design in randomized complete block are planted and yield components calculated. Also in molecular level of 20 pair starter (SSR) to study genetic diversity More

To evaluated of efficiency of selection by markers (MAS). 20 genotypes durum wheat was conducted as a split plot design in randomized complete block are planted and yield components calculated. Also in molecular level of 20 pair starter (SSR) to study genetic diversity between varieties and determine genotypes tolerant to drought stress was used. After extraction of DNA and appointment that quantity and quality polymerase chain reaction took place in the touch down method. In total 58 allele of the 20 locus was detected. The largest allele detected belonged to the Xgwm610, and Xbarc108 with 4 allele and the lowest with 2 allele was reserved markers Xgwm413, Xgdm132, Xwmc48, Xbarc40, Xbarc121, Xgwm375. Average allele produced for each locus in this research is 2/9. Rating and length of the parts produced using the software UVDOC was specified. Similarity matrix, the cluster analysis in UPMMA method and draw dendrogram using NTSYS software took. Standard correlation coefficient of cophentic calculated and the number of 0/86 was obtained. Dendrogram represent 2 cluster of quite distinct. In one cluster the number of genotypes 1, 2, 15, 16, 20, 13, 3, 4, 19, 8, 12, 7, 9, 5, 14 and in another cluster the number of 6, 18, 10, 17, 11 are placed. Genotypes of 5 and 14 of higher stress tolerance index than other varieties. The result showed multiple allele trait a phenomenon quite usual and common in markers (SSR) continuity of trait or could be effect of the multiple genes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Evaluation of advanced dryland durum and bread wheat lines yield in Kandowan region of Miyaneh, Iran
Amir Ghanbari shagayegh Shamspour ali Faramarzi manochehr Farboodi

Yield of six dryland durum and eleven dryland bread wheat lines was evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Tark and Alengareg vilages of Kandowan region of Miyaneh in 2007. In harvest stage, some traits such as yield, plant height, ri More

Yield of six dryland durum and eleven dryland bread wheat lines was evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Tark and Alengareg vilages of Kandowan region of Miyaneh in 2007. In harvest stage, some traits such as yield, plant height, ripening time, tolerance to dry and cold conditions, thousand seed weight, and tiller numbers were recorded. There was significant difference between durum genotypes in plant height and thousand seed weight at both studied regions. Also, genotypes were significantly different in dry tolerance and fertile tiller numbers, but not regions. Interaction of region in genotype was significant in yield, tiller numbers and dry tolerance but in plant height and thousand seed weight. Among durum lines, Gardish was the highest one. The highest yield belonged to PI40100 with significant difference with the rest of the lines. Dry tolerance in Haurani and tiller number in Haurani, G-1252, Dipper and PI40100 was in the highest level, significantly. Plant height was also significantly different among beard wheat genotypes in both regions. Regions and genotypes were significantly different in yield and thousand seed weight. Among bread wheat lines, plant hight in Sardari was significantly higher than others. As a whole, thousand seed weight and yield in Unknown-11 was significantly higher than other bread wheat genotypes. Manuscript profile

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