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Open Access Article
1 - Anatomical and histomorphometrical study of the Lingua and its Papillae in the Hedgehog (Hemiechinus Auritus)
Paryani, M. R, Kianifar, H., Hamedi, S. .The present study was carried out to describe the anatomical and histological features and papillae of the tongue in Hedgehog. For this study, five healthy adult male hedgehogs were used in 500 gr average weigh. After euthanized, the tongues were separated from hyoid bo MoreThe present study was carried out to describe the anatomical and histological features and papillae of the tongue in Hedgehog. For this study, five healthy adult male hedgehogs were used in 500 gr average weigh. After euthanized, the tongues were separated from hyoid bone and the floor of the oral cavity by cutting the root and frenulum linguae and then, tissue samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for laboratory operations. Light microscopy observations showed that the dorsal surface of the tongue is formed of three consecutive layers; mucosa, submucosa and muscularis. The mucosal layer in three regions of apex, body and root consists of stratified squamous epithelium with variable degrees of keratinization and contains different types of papillae: filiform, fungiform and vallate-papillae. Filiform papillae were thorn-like with no secondary divisions. Fungiform papillae were dome-shape and aggregated on the lingual body. Two vallate papillae were detected on posterior end of the tongue. These papillae were largest and least numerous. No foliate papilla was observed. Also, revealed that the thickness of epithelium was reduced from the rostral to the caudal. Compare the results of this study to the other reports in rodents showed that hedgehog’s tongue anatomical and histological features is more similar to rabbit’s tongue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Mother Tongue Integration into Focus-on-Form Instruction: A Case of Writing Accuracy at the Sentence Level
Nargess Nourizadeh Amir Valadi -
Open Access Article
3 - The Effect of Using EFL Learners’ Mother Tongue on Their Grammatical Knowledge Improvement: Investigating Two Proficiency Levels
Sara Shafiee Leila AkbarpourABSTRACTThe present quasi-experimental study aimed at exploring whether using EFL learners' mother tongue has any influence on EFL learners' grammatical knowledge improvement at two proficiency levels, i.e., elementary and intermediate. It also aimed at investigating wh MoreABSTRACTThe present quasi-experimental study aimed at exploring whether using EFL learners' mother tongue has any influence on EFL learners' grammatical knowledge improvement at two proficiency levels, i.e., elementary and intermediate. It also aimed at investigating whether there were any differences between elementary and intermediate EFL learners' grammatical knowledge improvement as a result of using their L1 in the classroom. To achieve this goal, 30 elementary and 32 intermediate Iranian EFL learners aged between 16 and 32 were chosen from an English institute in Shiraz. The sampling procedure was of a non-probability convenience type. The participants were divided into two experimental and two control groups. First, Oxford Placement Test was used to homogenize the participants at each proficiency level. Moreover, to investigate the effectiveness of the treatment and also compare the two proficiency levels regarding the effectiveness of the treatment, two teacher-made multiple-choice grammar tests, one for the elementary level and another for the intermediate level participants, were employed. Each of these tests was used both as the pre- and the post-test. In order to answer the research questions, independent and paired samples t-tests were run, and the effect sizes were estimated. The findings highlighted that the experimental groups at both proficiency levels significantly outperformed the control groups on their posttests. In addition, it was concluded that using L1 had a slightly greater effect on grammatical knowledge improvement of elementary than intermediate learners. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Mother Tongue Teaching as a Multicultural Category: Impacts and Consequences (A Synthesis Study)
Fatemeh Bahrami Mostafa Ghaderi Behnam Talebi -
Open Access Article
5 - Development as a language game (with an approach to Japanese development)
Ayyub Yussefpour NezamiDevelopment is a linguistic issue, and developing action(s) is a kind of language game with many forms. Language is the essence of culture and "mother tongue" is the essence of humanity (being human). With such a potential that empirical paleontology studies, bio-anthro MoreDevelopment is a linguistic issue, and developing action(s) is a kind of language game with many forms. Language is the essence of culture and "mother tongue" is the essence of humanity (being human). With such a potential that empirical paleontology studies, bio-anthropology, linguistics, and sociology reaffirm it, every human being, with a linguistic basis, is a linguistic issue. Human life is not conceivable for human being without language. This article, from the perspective of postmodern is sociology, and with the reverence of Heidegger, who said: "language is the home"; language is as the home of development and mother tongue is its spirit and soul. Development and under-development are not inherent in a particular language. Each language has a form of development game (s) in itself and its actualization is the kind of way in which culture (Interlingual, inter-language games) will be its home. This mode is not necessarily western and modern, and development is not necessarily a modernization. In this context, security and institutionalized freedom are structural and development will eventually be an "accidental". With this framework and theoretical elements, the development of Japan in the “Japanese language” was evaluated. Citing the epistemic characteristics of the Japanese language, as well as the findings of the language games of the two leading Japanese developers (Sony and Honda), we come to introductory elements of the interplay games in the identity of the Japanese development as a recovering. In the research process, the consistency of findings with the linguistic components of development in the Japanese context, with the components of the language of postmodernity, and the theory of Max Weber, was guessed that came to a positive result in an introductory test. Based on the microeconomic narratives of development, in some parts of the Japanese companies, the present study sought to draw on a lively development of Japanese language development games, as well as a new development style. And the design and implementation of other research in this area will reflect a realistic picture of Japanese language development games. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - اثر روشهای مختلف خشککردن بر برخی ویژگیهای بیوشیمیایی گل گاوزبان ایرانی
آرش سعیدی حسینعلی اسدی قارنهمقدمه و هدف: گل گاوزبان ایرانی(Echiumamoenum Fisch. &Mey)از گیاهان دارویی اندمیک ایران و متعلق به خانواده براژیناسه است که گلبرگهای بنفش آن از زمانهای گذشته در طب سنتی مورد استفاده قرار میگرفته است. خشککردن از مهمترین فرآیندهای پس از برداشت گیاهان دارویی است که Moreمقدمه و هدف: گل گاوزبان ایرانی(Echiumamoenum Fisch. &Mey)از گیاهان دارویی اندمیک ایران و متعلق به خانواده براژیناسه است که گلبرگهای بنفش آن از زمانهای گذشته در طب سنتی مورد استفاده قرار میگرفته است. خشککردن از مهمترین فرآیندهای پس از برداشت گیاهان دارویی است که میتواند بر ویژگیهای کیفی آنها مؤثر باشد. روش تحقیق: این پژوهش در سال 1394 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و در سه تکرار در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان) انجام شد. روشهای مختلف خشککردن شامل خشککردن در سایه، آفتاب و استفاده از دماهای مختلف آون (45، 65 و 85 درجه سانتیگراد) و توانهای مختلف میکروویو (200، 300 و 400 وات) بودند. مدت زمان خشکشدن گلبرگهای گل گاوزبان ایرانی، کلروفیل کل، میزان کارتنوئیدها، آنتوسیانین کل و فلاونوئیدهای نمونههای مورد ارزیابی از مهمترین صفات اندازهگیری شده بودند. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد روشهای مختلف خشککردن تأثیر معنیداری بر زمان خشکشدن، میزان کلروفیل کل، محتوای کارتنوییدها، فلاونوئیدها و آنتوسیانین کل دارد. بیشترین و کمترین زمان خشکشدن بهترتیب در روشهای سایه خشک و توان 400 وات مایکروویو مشاهده شد. میزان آنتوسیانین کل با افزایش دمای آون و توان مایکروویو کاهش یافت. همچنین بیشترین مقادیر کلروفیل کل و کارتنوئید در روش سایه- خشک اندازهگیری شدند. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، جهت خشککردن گلبرگهای گاوزبان ایرانی، روش سایه- خشک به دلیل حفظ ویژگیهای کیفی آن پیشنهاد میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Divan-e-Hāfiz:The Commentary of A Verse
nosrato allah frohar In a ghazal with the opening verse “Save the love of those moon of face, a path my heart to it, in every way, I give counsel, but it”. (tran. by H. W. Clarke) Hāfiz Says: “One day, like Alexander, I shall bring to hand that mirror, if this fi More In a ghazal with the opening verse “Save the love of those moon of face, a path my heart to it, in every way, I give counsel, but it”. (tran. by H. W. Clarke) Hāfiz Says: “One day, like Alexander, I shall bring to hand that mirror, if this fire, seize it, for a moment, it kindleth not”. Except in the Hagia Sophia edition, in all the other editions the above verse is recorded as it is presented here. But in the Hagia Sophia edition, the very same verse in recorded as follows: “One day, like Alexander, I shall bring to hand that mirror, if this tongue, seize it, for a moment, it kindleth not.” In another verse of the Ghazal, Hāfiz says: “In the midst of weeping, I laugh, because like the candle in this assembly. The fierly tongue is mine; but it kindleth not”. The present article will discuss that the commentators of Divan-e-Hāfez have not noticed the last verse which contains the concept of “the fiery tongue”. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Evaluate of effcacy clinical signs, physiological and environmental factors on the sero prevalence rate of blue-tongue virus in sheep flocks
M. Imandar, S.A Pourbakhsh, علی Hassanpour, , F MoosakhaniThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of clinical, physiological factors (age, sex, history ofabortion) and environmental factors (marsh or swampy environment, the climate, the distribution of mosquitoesin the environment, altitude above sea level) on t MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of clinical, physiological factors (age, sex, history ofabortion) and environmental factors (marsh or swampy environment, the climate, the distribution of mosquitoesin the environment, altitude above sea level) on the Blue tongue virus seroprevalence in the sheep flocks. Thisstudy was performed on 200 blood samples were randomly collected from 19 herds and 7 villages in the KHOYcity. Sera was investigated using by ELISA to determine serum levels of antibodies against the Blue tongue virusand the results were analyzed statistically. Information required in questionnaire forms were collected during thisstudy. Results showed from a total of 200 samples 74 cases had clinical symptoms such as rhinitis, stomatitisand laminitis which only 26 samples were seropositive. A total of 40 male 23 cases (57/50%) and from the 160females 111 cases (69/37%) had a positive ELISA test that there was no signifcant difference between male andfemale animals(P>0.05). There were 66 samples with abortion history of the ewes trap frequency of positiveserum samples that 49 samples were found positive with abortion which is equivalent to 14/44% was achieved.Different age groups had signifcant difference more susceptible to infection with BTV antibody (P<0.05).Morethan 80% of positive samples belonged to swamp and semi-swamp environments and other of samples related tonon-swampy areas. Among the positive serum samples more than half of the samples were with hot and humidweather. The based of distribution rate of mosquitoes in areas with many mosquitoes more than 40% of positivecases were scattered about in too. The altitude above sea level in low-lying areas close to half belongs of thepositive samples and post lowland (altitude 1,000 m). Results of this study is shown some factors such as age,history of abortion, swampy environments, heat and moisture, many distribution of mosquitoes and low-land areascan be risk factors of sero-prevalence of BTV among sheep and should be ways for control of sero-prevalence ofBTV and prevention from change to clinical form of disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - explaining the educational progress of high school students based on light styles, learning styles, emotional intelligence and academic stres
Fatemeh Safivand Malek Mier hashemi Hasan Pasha sharifithe aim of this study is to present a model for explaining the educational development of high school students ( persian - speaking and speaking languages ) based on  Morethe aim of this study is to present a model for explaining the educational development of high school students ( persian - speaking and speaking languages ) based on thinking styles, learning styles, emotional intelligence and educational stress.this research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of data collection method, correlation - prediction and ali غیرآزمایشی , and in terms of time, the cross - sectional type and the nature of the data are quantitative. the statistical population of thisstudy consisted of secondary school students and boys ( second period ) of zanjan in the 1396 - 1395 school year. usingcluster sampling method, 300 people were selected as sample members. data collection using کلب 's learning stylesquestionnaire ( LSI ), استرنبرگ and واگنر ( TSI ) questionnaire, emotional intelligence scale of Cohen et al . ( PSS - 4 ),emotional intelligence test - ان and students ' educational development criterion was calculated. in order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, formal validity, content and structure were used and in order to calculate its reliability,cronbach 's alpha coefficient and بازآزمایی method were used, which results indicate the روا and بودن of the questionnaires.to analyze the data in two descriptive and inferential statistics ( pearson correlation, multiple regression, modeling of structural equations ) using spss - V22 and amos software. 8. the results showed that learning styles, educational stress,emotional styles and emotional intelligence explain approximately 18 % of the changes related to the study of the two tabs.the results showed that the research model had a suitable fitting. Manuscript profile
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