List of Articles The Novel

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  1 - A Comparative Study of Reasons for the Rise of the Novel in Iran and Egypt
  Mahindokht Farrokhnia Farzaneh buryazadeh
  One of the research fields of comparative literature, is the study of literary genres’ genesis and the examination of the quality of their growth and development. Fiction, especially the novel, is one of the important and significant contexts of comparative resea More

  One of the research fields of comparative literature, is the study of literary genres’ genesis and the examination of the quality of their growth and development. Fiction, especially the novel, is one of the important and significant contexts of comparative research. This article, prepared by a library method, studies and analyzes the reasons for the rise of the novel in Iran and Egypt, which are the two most important cradles of Persian and Arabic literature. The novel form in Iran and Egypt appeared more or less simultaneously, in the latter part of the nineteenth century. Because of such common factors as similar political and social conditions, the rise of modernist movements, the advent of the printing industry, the establishment of science academies, the impact or hegemony of western culture, the translation movement, and the rise of the intelligentsia, the emergence of the novel has coincided in both countries. This article studies all these common reasons for the rise of the novel, and introduces the first major novels in these two cultural contexts. Manuscript profile
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  2 - A fundamental lesson on time and personality in the narration of "Shajra al-Labalab" by Muhammad Abdul Halim Abdullah
  ali jedi mostafa yekani ardeshir sadredini
  10.30495/cls.2022.1941074.1342
  In "Shajra al-Lablab", it is narrated that the back of the face is smooth and the problems are social, cultural, economic, and moral. From problems and difficulties. The goal is to study the foundation of the narration in this narration and also to study the earthly fou More

  In "Shajra al-Lablab", it is narrated that the back of the face is smooth and the problems are social, cultural, economic, and moral. From problems and difficulties. The goal is to study the foundation of the narration in this narration and also to study the earthly foundation, personalities and events. Therefore; The theme of the treatment of terrestrial and internal and external disturbances, and adaptation and adaptation, as well as ground conditions for cooling and acceleration training; And summarizing, deleting and closing the cold; And the narrators and the descriptions and the like in this narration..and in the end the theme of explanation and explanation and the explanation of the dairy of the personalities in this narration. The conclusion is that the author of the narration used the above-mentioned persuasions in his wide speech and brought in his narration, a collection of the main and secondary personalities of those who also narrated the story. Manuscript profile
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  3 - The American Other in the Contemporary Iraqi Novel An ("The American Granddaughter" by Inaam Kaja Ji as a model)
  hadi nazari faramarz mirzaei hajar mahdi fatholla
  10.30495/cls.2022.1960089.1370
  The problem of the relationship with the Western or foreign "other" has been one of the most important issues that preoccupied many researchers throughout the past century. The aim of analyzing the image of the “other” here is to clarify the image of the Wes More

  The problem of the relationship with the Western or foreign "other" has been one of the most important issues that preoccupied many researchers throughout the past century. The aim of analyzing the image of the “other” here is to clarify the image of the Western personality, in particular the American one, from an Arab perspective, to deepen awareness of the self and the world, to identify the positions that stand behind the formation of the image of the “other” and to try to identify the features of the true image of him, by focusing on the descriptive-analytical approach. The study concluded that Inaam Kaja Ji portrayed the issues of the American "other" in abundance in her novel, reflecting her characters to deal with the other through different currents and differing in their positions between rejecting, conservative and agreeing. The image of the American "other" in the novel came to establish a state of doubt in many of the concepts and postulates of the "I", meaning the Iraqi person, which appeared in the character of the heroine Zina as a result of some actions and behaviors that result from the "other", as it makes the "I" live in a maze. The contradiction of exile and belonging affects the formation of the image of the “other” in the novel due to the factor of war, so that the plight of man appears between two nations, and this is evident in the psyche of the characters. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Cinematic Image Patterns and their Implications in Zahran Al-Qasimi's Novel “Al-Qafar's Westernization”
  Zainab Daryanavard Mohammad Javad Pourabed rasol balavi Ali khezri Haitham Al-Suwaili
  10.30495/cls.2023.1984723.1415
  Recently, the modernist novel was based on the visual data taken from the visual arts, especially the seventh art, so the features of the cinematic image appeared in the narrative depth engraved on a large scale. Employing the visual image in the narrative has several e More

  Recently, the modernist novel was based on the visual data taken from the visual arts, especially the seventh art, so the features of the cinematic image appeared in the narrative depth engraved on a large scale. Employing the visual image in the narrative has several effects, which are reflected in the movements of characters and objects in the narrative space, or the framing of scenes depicted by specific techniques. Zahran Al-Qasimi's novel "Al-Qafar's Alienation" is considered one of the most important novels in which the writer uses vocabulary related to the cinematic language.This study relies on the descriptive-analytical approach to reveal the common windows between the cinematic elements and the narrative text, through which junctures emerge that include vocabulary that characterizes both arts. From this point of view, this study aims to show the extent to which vocabulary and narrative paragraphs are subject to cinematic techniques, and to emphasize the two functions of the snapshot; Reading and visual and the reflection of the semiological connotations of them, so the results obtained from this convergence is the transcendence of the fictional text towards the narrative text. With this work, the writer may give the recipient the opportunity to enter into a visual world that adopts the idea of depicting the scene and directing it. The focus of this study revolves around five techniques that intersect with the written narrative. Action and reaction shot, witness Manuscript profile
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  5 - “A semiotic analysis of the novel “Al-Thalj Yaati Men Al-nafezah” by Hanna Mina in light of the theory of Ferdinand de Saussure”
  ali sharafi Sadegh Ebrahimi Kavari Rahima Cholanian
  10.30495/cls.2023.1987381.1424
  The semiotic analysis tries to reveal the relationship between the title and the fictional text, and then semiology, which is a science through which semantic systems such as language, symbols, signs, etc. are studied. relationship becomes clear when the title is consid More

  The semiotic analysis tries to reveal the relationship between the title and the fictional text, and then semiology, which is a science through which semantic systems such as language, symbols, signs, etc. are studied. relationship becomes clear when the title is considered a semiotic system with semantic and other symbolic dimensions, urging the researcher to trace its connotations to be revealed in the structure and meaning. we sought in this research, To implement the semiotic analysis the novel entitled “Al-Thalj Yaati Men Al-nafezah” by the Syrian storyteller and novelist; Because the title and in view of the content of the text of the novel, it carries suggestive and symbolic connotations despite the realism of the events.In this descriptive analytical study, we tried, according to the theory of the structuralist Ferdinand de Saussure, to reveal the significance of rigid objects centered around the “window and snow”; Because these two terms have an important role in depicting the stages of the hero's personality development and drawing the events from beginning to end.Some results indicate that the “window”, which is the main pillar of the title with its extensional relationship, is considered an element of the confrontation between the protagonist and the outside world, as well as the “snow” comes from the window in which the struggling hero sits. The novelist, through the novel, tried to employ the inanimate objects that have a semantic role in the novel the service of life, which is the life of his heroes and society. Manuscript profile
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  6 - A Glimpse at the Advent and Evolution of the Arabic Novel
  Mohammadhadi Moradi Azad Moonesi Ghader Ghaderi Rahim Khakpoor
  Since its advent in 1867,the Arabic novel has been under the influence of two factors. One factor is longing for the past, the other one is infatuation with the west and submission to its hegemony. In early 20th century, some novels were written in response to public ta More

  Since its advent in 1867,the Arabic novel has been under the influence of two factors. One factor is longing for the past, the other one is infatuation with the west and submission to its hegemony. In early 20th century, some novels were written in response to public taste and Arab culture. This novel is considered by critics of fiction to be a turning point in the path of Arabic fiction. At the same time western standards and rules were copied in the composition of novels. However the Arabic novel entered its major phase of development in the 1960’s. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Expression of Nasrullah's thoughts between narrative styles in the novel "The Second War of the Dog" (Aesthetic Review)
  Ahmad Arefi Faramarz Mirzaee Isa Mottaghizadeh
  Indeed, the purpose of Ibrahim Nasrallah's thoughts in the novel "The Second Dog War" is to express the facts of the life of the Palestinian nation, which the novelist mentions in each style in a specific way. So how many of these styles have gone beyond their original More

  Indeed, the purpose of Ibrahim Nasrallah's thoughts in the novel "The Second Dog War" is to express the facts of the life of the Palestinian nation, which the novelist mentions in each style in a specific way. So how many of these styles have gone beyond their original meanings to acquire virtual meanings because of the beauty of the text and the stimulation of the audience's emotions, which Ibrahim Nasrallah has often done to a great extent.In this article, an attempt has been made to reveal the novelist's ideas using a descriptive-analytical method based on statistical style until To respond to the appropriateness of these styles and the three levels of language, including storytelling, description and dialogue, and the most important aesthetics of these styles in conveying meaning to the audience. The most important conclusion of the article is that the novelist has used From most syntactic styles 3406 times , so that the style of negation 1759 times: 52%, then the style of question 812times: 24%, Then the bet style 328: 10%, etc, referring to the view of pessimism prevailing over the oppressed Palestinian regimes, Because in the novel there are corrupt opportunistic characters who do negative things, especially The hero of the novel Rashed Opportunist who does everything just for the sake of his own nature, which is so full of evils that trade with human beings is a Repetitive events are far from moral and human values. Manuscript profile
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  8 - “The Diaries of Prosecutor’s Representative in the Village” in the Light of Criticism
  Hasan Shavandi Seyed Yaser Hosaini
  “The Diaries of Prosecutor’s Representative in the Village” is, no doubt, one of the most prominent works ever written by Tawfiq Hakim, the contemporary Arab novelist .The proof to this claim can be the fact that the novel has been translated into many More

  “The Diaries of Prosecutor’s Representative in the Village” is, no doubt, one of the most prominent works ever written by Tawfiq Hakim, the contemporary Arab novelist .The proof to this claim can be the fact that the novel has been translated into many other languages, and used as the basic plot for different movies. In this novel, Tawfiq Hakim, illustrates aspects of Egyptian life with a focus on rural areas. This article aims at reviewing story elements of this novel’s story such as setting, time, character, dialogue, and plot. The story occurs at a place called “al-vajh al-ghabali” during twelve days of October although the writer tries not to restrict the story line to a specific time span. The author tries to depict characters through their reactions toward the events, which begin with a gunshot.  Manuscript profile
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  9 - Analysis of the Woman Position In The Novels Of Ghazaleh Alizadeh (The “After the Summer”, “Two Sceneries”, “Idrisi’s House” and “Tehran Nights” Novels)
  Maryam Mahmoodi Negar Heidari
  The present study aim was to investigate the feminist Ghazaleh Alizadeh point of views and examine the woman's image in her works. Feminist criticism was emerged as a serious, distinguished, and integrated approach in the European literature in the late 1960s, and its a More

  The present study aim was to investigate the feminist Ghazaleh Alizadeh point of views and examine the woman's image in her works. Feminist criticism was emerged as a serious, distinguished, and integrated approach in the European literature in the late 1960s, and its aim was identification of cultural roles and great achievements in acquiring women’s social and political rights. This method was developed in Iran in the beginning of 1960s by the novels written by Simin Daneshvar and continued by authors such as Shahrnoush Parsipour, Zoya Pirzad, and Ghazaleh Alizadeh. This study considered the feminist criticism of novels by Ghazaleh Alizadeh, and the women’s characterizations were analyzed with regards to content analysis. By reviewing these works, the readers would realize that Alizadeh has mainly exposed women to socio-political events after the Islamic revolution. With moderate viewpoints, she has criticized the solitude of women in the community, and by a mystic and theosophical approach, she has tried to highlight the roles and contribution of women in the social history of Iran. Manuscript profile
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  10 - شرح زبانشناختی تحول قهرمان خوشه های خشم
  بهرام بهین زهرا صادقی
  رمان به عنوان ژانر ادبی مدرن معمولاً تجلی سیر شخصیت اصلی اثر از نابالغی به بلوغ تلقی می شود. شخصیت اصلی رمان که در ابتدا فرد ساده ای است که در مقابله با پیچیدگی های زندگی ناتوان است به تدریج فهم و ادراک حاصل می کند تا متعاقباً به شکلی درخور عمل کند. عموماً در نقد ادبی و More

  رمان به عنوان ژانر ادبی مدرن معمولاً تجلی سیر شخصیت اصلی اثر از نابالغی به بلوغ تلقی می شود. شخصیت اصلی رمان که در ابتدا فرد ساده ای است که در مقابله با پیچیدگی های زندگی ناتوان است به تدریج فهم و ادراک حاصل می کند تا متعاقباً به شکلی درخور عمل کند. عموماً در نقد ادبی و نقد زبانشناختی ادبیات اتفاق نظر وجود دارد که شناخت شخصیت می بایست با توجه به عناصر متن رمان صورت گیرد (برای مثال ر.ک. فاولر 1977 و 1996، پک و کویل 2002). در این مقاله، زبان تام جود یعنی شخصیت اصلی رمان خوشه های خشم جان استاین بک تجزیه و تحلیل می شود تا روشن شود که چگونه وی از یک کارگر مزرعه ی سهل انگار جوان به مصلح اجتماعی آینده نگر بدل می شود. به دلیل رویکرد زبانشناختی به مطالعه ی ادبیات در این مقاله، زبانشناسی نقشگرای هلیدی چارچوب تحلیل بوده است. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه می تواند در تدریس زبان انگلیسی از طریق ادبیات مفید باشد. Manuscript profile
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  11 - Postmodernist critique of the novel "Pasti" by "Mohammad Reza Kateb"
  Faghiheh Deghan Reza Sadeghi Shahpar
                  In recent years, the use of techniques and components of postmodern fiction has been one of the most important challenges for Iranian storytellers. In the present study, the novel More

                  In recent years, the use of techniques and components of postmodern fiction has been one of the most important challenges for Iranian storytellers. In the present study, the novel "Postal" by "Mohammad Reza Kateb" has been studied descriptively-analytically from the perspective of postmodernism. The narratives of the novel are the biographies of the characters in different forms and times. The contradiction throughout the novel stems in part from this point. Irregularity, incoherence and order of narrative, uncertainty, characterization, multiplicity of narrative, fluid flow of mind, fluidity of time and place, contradiction, endless story and fusion of writing style are some of the postmodernist components of the novel. Is postal. Given the postmodern features reflected in the postal novel, it can be considered postmodern. Manuscript profile
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  12 - Analysis and narratological analysis of the novel Lab Bar Tigh based on the narratological theory of Gerard Genet
  Atefe Asalii hesam ziaee Hossein Parsaei
  The novel Lap Bar Tigh, written by Hossein Sanapour, is one of the significant literary works that was written in the late 80s. In this work, Sanapour has tried to present a narrative of several characters, events and incidents related to their lives and the atmosphere More

  The novel Lap Bar Tigh, written by Hossein Sanapour, is one of the significant literary works that was written in the late 80s. In this work, Sanapour has tried to present a narrative of several characters, events and incidents related to their lives and the atmosphere governing their relationships. The time and historical space in which this story is told is not very clear, but the language of narration and form of the conversations, the type of speaking, the slanginess of the form of the dialogues, the social class of the characters, the use of the language The broken streets of the market and the southern part of Tehran and other similar elements evoke the atmosphere of pre-revolutionary stories and films; However, the lifestyle of the characters in the story and the atmosphere that governs the type of their relationships may also link the historical time of the narrative to later periods. From the point of view of narrative methods and techniques, the novel Lab Bar Tigh is placed under modern novels. Various methods of narration, distancing from the linear time of narration in classic works, the polyphonic form of narration in this work, the use of new ways of narrating the story and factors of this kind have led to the capacities of the novel Lab Bar Tigh from The narratological perspective is significant. In this research, by focusing on the narrative characteristics of this work, an attempt will be made to consider the dominant narrative techniques by applying the theory of narratology of the French Gerard Genet. The hypothesis of this research is that by presenting modern approaches in the field of narration, Sanapour has been able to create a work that is compatible with the narratological criteria of the modern era, and these narrative characteristics can be determined by using the theory Gerard Genet explained. Manuscript profile