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Open Access Article
1 - Comparing the Application of Bayesian Modeling and Multi Criteria Decision Making Method in Environmental Risk Assessment of Dams (Case study: Taleghan Dam)
Negar Tayebzadeh Moghadam Bahram Malekmohammadi Ahmadreza YavariBackground and Objective: Environmental risk assessment is an important tool to achieve sustainable development. The purpose of this study is application of Bayesian modeling method based on a hierarchical structure for prioritization, assessment and offering management MoreBackground and Objective: Environmental risk assessment is an important tool to achieve sustainable development. The purpose of this study is application of Bayesian modeling method based on a hierarchical structure for prioritization, assessment and offering management solutions to reduce the hazards of Taleghan dam environmental risks. Method: In the first method, environmental risk assessment (ERA) of Taleghan dam was performed by using Bayesian Network (BN) and the Netica software. To compare the results of this method with those of conventional methods such as multi criteria decision making method (MCDM), ERA of Taleghan dam was also performed by MCDM method and use of the Expert Choice software. Findings: Based on the obtained results, the output node of the BN, changes in land use, effects on population and erosion and sedimentation are the most important risks and pollution, seismic, flooding, tourism and ecosensetivity are in second priorities. Conclusion: BN as a new method with some advantages such as considering the relation between variables and uncertainty conditions data is considered flexible model with high capacity for ERA. Therefore, to achieve a comprehensive solution for environmental risk of engineering projects such as dam construction, application of BN based on the MCDM has a high performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Identifying and ranking the risk factors affecting the leasing industry case study of AHP in the company mellat leasing
Ali SheidaeiNowadays, risk management is a practiced system and process whose main aim is to improve the quality of decisions in all levels of the firms in order to increase the wealth of shareholders. Until the 50's, the perception to the risk was totally restricted, unidimensiona MoreNowadays, risk management is a practiced system and process whose main aim is to improve the quality of decisions in all levels of the firms in order to increase the wealth of shareholders. Until the 50's, the perception to the risk was totally restricted, unidimensional and just based on quality. So far, a number of researches have been done regarding the risk of leasing industry; however, there has been little if any precise rating or identification of these risks in this field . In this study, we intend to identify different kinds of risks involved in the leasing industry through survey research by asking the experts for their opinions through questionnaires and then determine the correlation between them, and eventually, rank them through the AHP method. This work is an applied research and its methodology is descriptive, in the form of convey researches. In this study, we determine effective factors on risks of leasing industry. The reliability of the questionnaire has been calculated by Cronbach's alpha and its validity has been assessed by experts. SPSS software has also been used to analyze the data. Based on the findings, all the abovementioned factors in the hypothesis, such as operational risks, liquidity risk, interest rate risk, recognition risk, legal risks and portfolio risk are the most important risks in the leasing industry and Mellat Leasing Corporation. There is also a significant correlation between all the abovementioned risks and their components. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - پیش بینی خطر سکته مغزی بر اساس علائم کلینیکی با استفاده از روش رگرسیون لجستیک
مائده غلام آزاد جعفر پورمحمود علیرضا آتشی مهدی فرهودی رضا دلجوان انوریمدل سازی ریاضی یکی از روش های عملی است که می توان از آن برای حل مسائل واقعی استفاده کرد. مدل‌سازی را می‌توان با استفاده از روش‌های مختلفی از جمله روش‌های آماری که می‌توان از آنها برای پیش‌بینی رویدادهای مختلف استفاده کرد، انجام داد. سلامت یکی از مهمترین زمینه های تحقیقا Moreمدل سازی ریاضی یکی از روش های عملی است که می توان از آن برای حل مسائل واقعی استفاده کرد. مدل‌سازی را می‌توان با استفاده از روش‌های مختلفی از جمله روش‌های آماری که می‌توان از آنها برای پیش‌بینی رویدادهای مختلف استفاده کرد، انجام داد. سلامت یکی از مهمترین زمینه های تحقیقاتی در جهان امروز است. از بین بیماری های مختلف در بخش سلامت، این مطالعه مربوط به سکته مغزی است که دومین عامل مرگ و میر و ناتوانی طولانی مدت انسان است که منجر به انجام این تحقیق شده است. هدف اصلی این تحقیق طراحی و ساخت یک مدل پیش‌بینی‌کننده سکته مغزی بر اساس علائم و گزارش‌های بالینی بیماران است که پیش بینی میکند که آیا در آینده نزدیک سکته مغزی در بیماران رخ می‌دهد یا خیر. با استفاده از روش رگرسیون لجستیک، عوامل خطر اصلی سکته مغزی شناسایی و میزان بروز آنها پیش‌بینی شده است. در این مطالعه اطلاعات بالینی از 5411 بیمار جمعآوری و پس از اعمال روش LR، مدل پیش‌بینی‌کننده طراحی شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Effect of 8 weeks regular resistance training on attenuation of sdLDL changes after single session of heavy resistance exercise
Hamid Reza Nayeri khoob Mehrzad Moghadasi -
Open Access Article
5 - Evaluating risks of sustainable supply chain by the failure mode and effect analysis method in fuzzy environment (case study: Saba battery)
Mojtaba Farrokh mohsen zabihi jamkhaneh mehdi sholehDespite the numerous benefits of globalization and the emergence of advanced technologies, they have put the sustainable supply chain in subject to the social, economic, environmental risks. The aim of this study is to develop a new approach to identify and prioritize t MoreDespite the numerous benefits of globalization and the emergence of advanced technologies, they have put the sustainable supply chain in subject to the social, economic, environmental risks. The aim of this study is to develop a new approach to identify and prioritize the risks involved in sustainable supply chain by using the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) technique. In this way, the fuzzy sets theory is applied to calculate the risk priority numbers with regard to the fuzzy importance coefficients of risk factors including probability of occurrence, severity and detectability for each risk factor. However, proposed approaches have a computational inefficiency in ranking the fuzzy priority numbers. The fuzzy weighted geometric mean and linear programming model is used in a different way to determine the fuzzy risk priority numbers and then the fuzzy preference relations is applied to compare these numbers for prioritizing sustainability risk factors. Risk factors of the sustainable supply chain in the battery industry are identified and then prioritized by the cross-functional team by using the proposed method. The results show that the approach is capable to provide similar results than other ones with a high computational performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Sociological Study of Suicide ; Identification of Risk Factor
Zeinab Kouchakian Alireza Mohseni Tabrizi Zahra AslaniSuicide is among the human behaviors influenced by different biological motives. In the current conditions, given some issues such as increased suicide attempts, lifestyle change, and decreased age of suicide attempts, it seems vital to deeply investigate suicide. Using MoreSuicide is among the human behaviors influenced by different biological motives. In the current conditions, given some issues such as increased suicide attempts, lifestyle change, and decreased age of suicide attempts, it seems vital to deeply investigate suicide. Using qualitative phenomenological approach, the present study tries to focus on the data obtained from in-depth semi-structured interviews with 30 individuals who attempted suicide (23 women and 7 men) to understand and identify risk factors that are effective in explaining how the suicide occurs. The results indicate that to understand suicide, the psychological disorders, the consequences of antisocial behaviors, and the risk factors that over time have influenced the lifestyle on the individual, family, and social levels should be taken into account. In-depth interviews demonstrate that most of the respondents were involved with issues including addiction, nonconformity, multiple secrecy, free relations with the opposite sex, illegal behaviors, early marriage, running away from home, and dropping out of school. Thus, identifying the risk factors and the interactions among them is of crucial importance in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The relationship between social factors and the rate of occurring cardiovascular risk factors
Parvin Javadi Robabeh Pour JebeliThe aim of present work is to study the relationship between social factors and the rate of occurring cardiovascular risk factors. Research method was descriptive and survey and it has practical aims. The population included patients referred to Tabriz Shahid Madani Car MoreThe aim of present work is to study the relationship between social factors and the rate of occurring cardiovascular risk factors. Research method was descriptive and survey and it has practical aims. The population included patients referred to Tabriz Shahid Madani Cardiovascular Center who were 13479 individuals. The sampling size of 373 patients was obtained through Cochrane formula. For data gathering, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. To answer the questions, descriptive items of inferential statistics was used and for hypothesis testing, T and F tests, Pearson correlation test and variance analysis were used. The findings show that, the occurrence rate of cardiovascular risk factors among the participants was higher than the average, but social and cultural capital indices were lower than the average point. There is also a meaningful relationship between age, nutrition, education and BMI and cardiovascular risk factors. It was also cleared that there is no relationship between job condition, income, marital status, living place, family size and gender and occurring rate of cardiovascular risk factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Legal jurisprudential approach to developmental crime prevention in Iran
niusha ghahramani afshar Ghodratollah Khosroshahi Mohammadreza ShademanfarDelinquent kids and teenagers suffer from a wide range of problems including economic, cultural and family-related ones. Identification of the major factors behind their incompatibilities and delinquencies, and the adoption of appropriate personal and public preventive MoreDelinquent kids and teenagers suffer from a wide range of problems including economic, cultural and family-related ones. Identification of the major factors behind their incompatibilities and delinquencies, and the adoption of appropriate personal and public preventive measures in the society, among susceptible members and groups, and among groups prone to delinquency play crucial, direct, and undeniable roles in minimizing crime rates among these people. Developmental crime prevention refers to interventions in delinquent or susceptible kids’ and teenagers’ developmental phases with the purpose of preventing such delinquent behavior from becoming endemic or routine in future. This approach is forwarding to recognize risk factors and omit those on the otherhand by reinforcement supportive factors, facilitate sociability process and weakening the possibility of delinquency. Drawing upon laws in Iranian legislative system along with teachings of Islam for the education and rearing children on the part of parents and teachers and other individuals dealing with vulnerable and harmful cases could play an instrumental role in developmental crime prevention from incompatibility, delinquency, and delinquency victimization. In this regard, the present study is aimed to describe the significance of and underpinnings behind developmental crime prevention from the jurisprudent and legal viewpoints and analyze developmental crime prevention solutions in light of these perspectives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Prevalence and risk factors of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina infection in cattle in northwestern Iran
Rahim Ghadimipour Vahid Noaman Morteza taghizadehThis study was designed to investigate the epidemiological distribution of B. bovis and B. bigemina using molecular method and related risk factors in a number of cattle in northwestern Iran. For this purpose, 153 blood samples were randomly collected in the East and We MoreThis study was designed to investigate the epidemiological distribution of B. bovis and B. bigemina using molecular method and related risk factors in a number of cattle in northwestern Iran. For this purpose, 153 blood samples were randomly collected in the East and West Azarbaijan provinces. The extracted DNA from blood cells was analyzed using a set of primers derived from the 18s rRNA gene for members of the genera Babesia by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A semi-nested PCR technique was used for the identification of B. bovis and B. bigemina species. Based on the results of the present study, out of 153 blood samples, 39 (25.49%) were infected with a species of Babesia protozoan parasite, one of which was simultaneously infected with both Babesia species, and B. bovis and B. bigemina were detected in 38 (97.43 %) and 2 (5.12 %) samples, respectively. Our findings showed a high prevalence of B. bovis in comparison with B. bigemina in the animals (24.83% vs. 1.30%). In present research, the prevalence of Babesia species in West Azarbaijan province was significantly higher than that in East Azarbaijan (70% vs. 30%). Risk factors analysis revealed that although statistically significant differences in the prevalence of the Babesiosis were observed based on climate, season, flock management, feeding and race (p < 0.05) but the effect of age, gender, and tick burden was not statistically significant. Our data provide valuable information regarding the epidemiology of B. ­bovis and B. ­bigemina infection in cattle in northwestern Iran which will likely be very beneficial for the management and control programs of the disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Evaluation of risk factors of prevalence of leptospirosis in sheep flocks
محسن Imandar علی Hassanpour GH.R Abdollahpour هادی HaghpanahLeptospirosis is a worldwide bacterial zoonoses that its main source are wild animals and rodents That leptospirals excrete in their urine. This disea MoreLeptospirosis is a worldwide bacterial zoonoses that its main source are wild animals and rodents That leptospirals excrete in their urine. This disease causes fever, hemoglobinuria, jaundice, abortion, mastitis, reduced milk production, reproductive disorders and death in cattle, that major complications in sheep are abortion and pyelonephritis. The purpose of this study is the evaluation of risk factors for leptospirosis disease and its association with high prevalence of infection in the sheep flocks. Accordingly, 260 serum samples were collected from 20 flocks of sheep. Then with microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using 6 live antigen Leptospira interrogans include Pomona , canicola, icterohaemorrhagiae, gryppotyphoza, ballum and hardjo was studied. MAT test results of the serum samples showed the contamination was 28.46%. Most contamination of the samples was allocated to sheep who lived in swampy areas, so that 70.28% of positive samples were included. 56.25% of positive samples among the samples showed positive reaction with serotype canicola. On the other hand, 76.56% of the positive samples belonged to animals which in their environment, rodents in very large numbers were observed. The sheep that kept in moist and wet environment to be had 60% of positive samples , and finally the highest frequency of positive animals were ranged among ages 3 to 6 years old, the incidence of the disease increased in older animals. By attention to the results, increasing of age, living in swampy and wet bed, being infectious dogs in side of flocks and also very large number of rodents in environment are of the most important causes of seroprevalense of leptospirosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Survey of risk factors for the prevalence of leptospiral infection in horses of Gonbad area
omid jaheddashliboroun ali hassanpourLeptospirosis is a world-wide zoonotic infection occurring in animals and humans. Rodents and wild animals are a major source of infection. Clinical signs in animals include fever, heamoglubinuria, jaundice, abortion, mastitis, reduced milk production, reproductive fail MoreLeptospirosis is a world-wide zoonotic infection occurring in animals and humans. Rodents and wild animals are a major source of infection. Clinical signs in animals include fever, heamoglubinuria, jaundice, abortion, mastitis, reduced milk production, reproductive failure and death with periodic ophthalmia, abortion and stillbirths being among its important signs in horses. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for the prevalence of leptospiral infection in horses of Gonbad area. This study was conducted on 200 horses in Gonbad area in Iran in order to determine seroprevalence of leptospiral infection. Sera were initially screened at dilution of 1:100 against 7 live serovars of Leptospira interrogans: Pomona, Canicola, Hardjo, Ballom, Icterohaemorrhagiae, AutomenalisandGrippotyphosausing themicroscopic agglutination test. The prevalence of leptospiral infection was 12% in horses. The majority of these infections were seen in horses that live in marsh and semi-marsh conditions and they accounted for 89% of positive samples. The highest number of reactors in horses (58.34%) wasdue toserovarCanicola and 33.34% of positive samples were seen in horses with many rodents living in their environment.66.67% of positive samples were seen in horses that were kept In moist and semi moist stables. The highest number of positive samples were seen in 3 to 6 years old animals, in other words prevalence of this disease is raised with increase of age. So according to the results, increasing age, living in marsh environment, moist stable presence of infected dogs and rodents, in environment are some of risks factors for prevalence of leptospiral infection Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - شیوع و عوامل ایجاد ریسک ورم پستان تحت حاد در گاوهای هلشتاین ایرانی
س. نقشینه س.ع. رافت ج. شجاع غ.ع. مقدم م. ابراهیمیپژوهش حاضر به منظور تخمین اثرات شکم زایش، فصل گوساله­زایی و سال گوساله­زایی بر ورم پستان تحت ­حاد در گاوهای هلشتاین انجام شد. تعداد 2682 رکورد از 869 گاو هلشتاین در یک مزرعه گاو شیری بزرگ (استان آذربایجان شرقی، ایران) از 2006 تا 2009 برای آنالیز جمع­آور Moreپژوهش حاضر به منظور تخمین اثرات شکم زایش، فصل گوساله­زایی و سال گوساله­زایی بر ورم پستان تحت ­حاد در گاوهای هلشتاین انجام شد. تعداد 2682 رکورد از 869 گاو هلشتاین در یک مزرعه گاو شیری بزرگ (استان آذربایجان شرقی، ایران) از 2006 تا 2009 برای آنالیز جمع­آوری شد. اثرات شکم زایش، فصل گوساله­زایی و سال گوساله­زایی بر ورم پستان تحت­حاد به وسیله رویه Mixed نرم افزار SAS و به وسیله روش MIVQUE آنالیز شدند. همچنین ورم پستان تحت حاد بر اساس 3 مدل مورد بررسی قرار گرفت که شامل: 1- در نظر گرفتن هر یک از کارتیه­های پستان گاو به عنوان یک واحد جداگانه (مدل کارتیه)، 2- در نظر گرفتن همه کارتیه­های یک گاو به عنوان یک واحد کلی (مدل Subclinm)، 3- در نظر گرفتن جمع نمرات ورم پستان تحت ­حاد در همه کارتیه­های یک حیوان (مدل Episode)، بودند. تشخیص ورم پستان تحت ­حاد بر اساس آزمون ورم پستان کالیفرنیایی انجام شد. نتایج نشان دادند که شیوع ورم پستان تحت حاد 83/20 درصد بود. شیوع ورم پستان تحت ­حاد تنها در یکی از کارتیه­های گاوها، 71/23 درصد بود. شیوع ورم پستان تحت ­حاد به صورت معنی­ داری تحت تأثیر شکم زایش و سال گوساله­زایی قرار گرفت (001/0P<). گاوهای مسن­تر با تعداد زایش بیشتر شیوع بالاتر ورم پستان تحت حاد داشتند. بنابراین، بیشترین شیوع ورم پستان تحت ­حاد در گاوهایی با تعداد زایش بین 5 و 11 مشاهده شد. کمترین شیوع ورم پستان تحت حاد (با استفاده از 3 مدل ورم پستان) در سال 2010 مشاهده شد، در حالیکه بیشترین شیوع ورم پستان در سال 2008 مشاهده شد. فصل گوساله­زایی نیز اثر معنی­داری بر روی شیوع ورم پستان تحت ­حاد داشت (05/0P<). بنابراین، گاوهایی که در پاییز زایش داشتند، شیوع بالاتری از ورم پستان تحت ­حاد نسبت به سایر فصول گوساله­زایی داشتند. از این رو نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان دادند که شکم زایش، فصل گوساله­زایی و سال گوساله­زایی ورم پستان تحت­ حاد را بر اساس 3 مدل اشاره شده در این پژوهش، تحت تأثیر قرار دادند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Decision Usefulness evaluation of risk factor disclouser
Akbar Khayampour Sina Kheradyar Farzin Rezaei Mohammadreza VatanparastThe disclosure of risk elements contained effective messages in assessing the impact of future events in the company. Therefore, the conscious judgment of consumers is the usefulness of providing supplementary information from the risk elements of categorized factors on MoreThe disclosure of risk elements contained effective messages in assessing the impact of future events in the company. Therefore, the conscious judgment of consumers is the usefulness of providing supplementary information from the risk elements of categorized factors on the different functions of firms and improving the quality of accounting information . thus , the purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness in decision makers with disclosure of risk elements and economic consequences of companies performance . for this purpose , the research with 87 sample companies and in the 7 - year period of 1396 - 1390 in the descriptive - correlation method showed that the disclosure of data elements of firm - level risk elements contained useful information in predicting the risk of fall of stock market prices but no significant relationship was found at the industry level . The disclosure of risk elements at the firm level of the industry contains useful information in predicting the synchronization behavior of firms ' stock market prices. The greater the disclosure of the risk elements has greater advantage, making a greater impact on the prediction and explanatory power of stock price and stock price appreciation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The Role of Noisy Risk Factors and Market Depth in Explaining Future Stock Returns
Sepideh Arab Hassan zanjirdar Hassan ZareiThe purpose of this study is to investigate the role of noise risk factors and market depth in explaining future stock returns in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The locative domain, the companies listed in the Stock Exchange and the time period, is between 2 MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the role of noise risk factors and market depth in explaining future stock returns in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The locative domain, the companies listed in the Stock Exchange and the time period, is between 2013 and 2017. noisy risk factors and the depth of the market are independent variables and future stock return is dependent variable. The research is descriptive (correlation) and applied. Data collection was done by library method and by referring to financial statements, explanatory notes and stock exchange monthly of sample companies. Descriptive and inferential data analysis (pre-test variance analysis, F Limer, Hassman & Jark-Bra test and multivariate regression test) were performed using Eviews software. The results showed that the changes of noisy risk factor indicate itself as a risk premium in future returns and risky factors of market depth changes, including the average variation in the volume of orders and the balancing changes between sales orders indicate itself as a risk premium in the future returns. The results obtained in this study are consistent with the Market theory of Noise. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Geological Factors and Health Problems
Francisco Prieto García Otilio A. Acevedo Sandoval Judith Prieto Méndes -
Open Access Article
16 - Cardiovascular Disease risk Factors in Male Cigarette Smokers in Calabar, Southern Nigeria
Iya Eze Bassey Uwem Okon Akpan Ifeyinwa Maryann Okafor Imeobong Joseph Inyang Oko Eze -
Open Access Article
17 - To study the prevalence of LBW and to determine the ratio preterm to IUGR during one year in 22 Bahman Hospital in Mashhad.
Jamshid Yusefi Morteza Mirzade Neda Tavasoli AskariBackground and aim:Delivery of low birth weight newborn is one of the main causes of neonatal mortality.The prevalence and its risk factors are different in each community. With identification of cause we can reduce incidance of LBW. The aim of this study is to evaluate MoreBackground and aim:Delivery of low birth weight newborn is one of the main causes of neonatal mortality.The prevalence and its risk factors are different in each community. With identification of cause we can reduce incidance of LBW. The aim of this study is to evaluate, prevalence of LBW and determining of proportion intra uterine growth retardation to premature and some maternal LBW risk factors. Materials and methods:This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in one year on newborn with LBW in Mashad 22 Bahaman hospital, at beginning of birth, all neonatal being weight.Target population in our study were neonatal with birth weight, less than 2500 gram.Then neonatal and maternal data and Newballard table completed for them. Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS, Pearson's Chi Square,Fishers Exact and T-test. Findings:Out of 866 newborn, 143 were LBW which prevalence was 16/5 percent. The proportion of preterm neonate to IUGR was 3 times.The study of risk factors indicate, significant difference between premature delivery history (p=0/0449),neonatal congenital malformation (p=0/0389) and APGAR score(p= 0/0041).In other variables of our study such as maternal demographic information, gestation rank prenatal health care, pregnancy weight gaining, chronic diseases and gestational infection and drug consumption, previous low birth weight history and neonatal gender and multiple births, there is no significantly difference. Conclusion:According to results this study suggested that: with controlling of LBW influence factors we can reduce LBW prevalence and morbidity &mortality.Also with execution of heath education program and improve quality of pregnancy care and undertaking of high risk groups. There are good strategy for neonatal health status. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - بررسی ریسک فاکتورهای عود هرنی دیسکال کمری در بیماران مراجعه کننده به بیمارستانهای وابسته به دانشگاه آزاد مشهد طی سالهای 83-90
Khosro shayan Saeed rahighi Sahar Sedigh zadeh TabasiBackground and aim: Despite improving therapeutic methods of lumbosacral disc herniation , open surgery is still the conventional method . this study was aimed to investigate the risk factors of recurrent lumbar disc herniation in patients referred for second surgery be MoreBackground and aim: Despite improving therapeutic methods of lumbosacral disc herniation , open surgery is still the conventional method . this study was aimed to investigate the risk factors of recurrent lumbar disc herniation in patients referred for second surgery between 1383 – 1390 at hospitals of Mashhad Azad university of medicine. Methods: 60 patients , 30 with repeated discal hernia ( case group ) and 30 without recurrence (control group) were enrolled.in this retrospective case-control study . case group included those who were candidate for second surgery at the same level of both sides which was confirmed by CT scan or MRI . all their medical records were extracted and registered., also some information collected by telephone calls. Then risk factors related to recurrence of hernia were evaluated by comparing two groups. Results: there were 62.5 % men in recurrent lumbar disk hernia and 37.5 % women in group without recurrence . mean age of patients in first and second groups were 35 to 56 and 33 to 60 years respectively. Although there was no significant relationship between age , sex , work load , history of trauma , diabetes mellitus and smoking with recurrence of disk protrusion (p>0.05) but most of recurrences seen in foraminectomy method and in level of L1 _ L2 . Macnab scale was excellent ion 13.3 % ,good in 36.7 % , intermediate in 10 % and weak in 40 % . Conclusion : as distal hernia is a prevalent disease in our country , suitable policies in educating common health to prevent this disorder and recurrence of it seems necessary . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Predicting the Risk of Injury in Athletes Based on Two Factors of Injury History and Functional Movement Screening Test Score
nadjmeh afhami reza siamaki najmeh sadeghiMovement patterns disorders can lead to injury, although can result from athletes'' injuries and the absence of proper rehabilitation. Studies on risk factors are necessary to prevent sports injuries. The present study aimed to predict predisposed athletes according to MoreMovement patterns disorders can lead to injury, although can result from athletes'' injuries and the absence of proper rehabilitation. Studies on risk factors are necessary to prevent sports injuries. The present study aimed to predict predisposed athletes according to injury history and functional movement screen test (FMS). Twenty-seven professional female athletes (15 handball and 12 futsal athletes aged 20.67±4.35 and 21/58±3/05 years old respectively) participated in this cross-sectional study. At first, the consent form and personal information were completed by the subjects, and their injury history was recorded according to the standard injury history form, and then they participated in the FMS test. Subsequently, athletes'' injuries were recorded during training and competition for a period of 6 months. Data were analyzed by Kappa, t-test, Fisher exact test, and Regression logistic with SPSS and alpha level set at α=0.05. The results of the study showed that the history of injury can significantly predict FMS test scores (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Presenting a Model to Stimulate Demand for Sports in Iranian Society
fatemeh ghavami Rasool Nazari reza shajieAbstractMovement patterns disorders can lead to injury, although can result from athletes' injuries and the absence of proper rehabilitation. Studies on risk factors are necessary to prevent sports injuries. The present study aimed to predict predisposed athletes accord MoreAbstractMovement patterns disorders can lead to injury, although can result from athletes' injuries and the absence of proper rehabilitation. Studies on risk factors are necessary to prevent sports injuries. The present study aimed to predict predisposed athletes according to injury history and functional movement screen test (FMS). Twenty-seven professional female athletes (15 handball and 12 futsal athletes aged 20.67±4.35 and 21/58±3/05 years old respectively) participated in this cross-sectional study. At first, the consent form and personal information were completed by the subjects, and their injury history was recorded according to the standard injury history form, and then they participated in the FMS test. Subsequently, athletes' injuries were recorded during training and competition for a period of 6 months. Data were analyzed by Kappa, t-test, Fisher exact test, and Regression logistic with SPSS and alpha level set at α=0.05. The results of the study showed that the history of injury can significantly predict FMS test scores (P <0.05). In addition, athletes with a history of injury are more predisposed to injury. Athletes with a history of injury and FMS scores less than 17 were more 4 times predispose to sports injury than athletes with FMS scores above 17. Coaches, athletic trainers, therapists, and sports rehabilitators can design an accurate and effective injury prevention model by taking an injury history and performing FMS in line with other pre-season participation examinations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Evaluate of effcacy clinical signs, physiological and environmental factors on the sero prevalence rate of blue-tongue virus in sheep flocks
M. Imandar, S.A Pourbakhsh, علی Hassanpour, , F MoosakhaniThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of clinical, physiological factors (age, sex, history ofabortion) and environmental factors (marsh or swampy environment, the climate, the distribution of mosquitoesin the environment, altitude above sea level) on t MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of clinical, physiological factors (age, sex, history ofabortion) and environmental factors (marsh or swampy environment, the climate, the distribution of mosquitoesin the environment, altitude above sea level) on the Blue tongue virus seroprevalence in the sheep flocks. Thisstudy was performed on 200 blood samples were randomly collected from 19 herds and 7 villages in the KHOYcity. Sera was investigated using by ELISA to determine serum levels of antibodies against the Blue tongue virusand the results were analyzed statistically. Information required in questionnaire forms were collected during thisstudy. Results showed from a total of 200 samples 74 cases had clinical symptoms such as rhinitis, stomatitisand laminitis which only 26 samples were seropositive. A total of 40 male 23 cases (57/50%) and from the 160females 111 cases (69/37%) had a positive ELISA test that there was no signifcant difference between male andfemale animals(P>0.05). There were 66 samples with abortion history of the ewes trap frequency of positiveserum samples that 49 samples were found positive with abortion which is equivalent to 14/44% was achieved.Different age groups had signifcant difference more susceptible to infection with BTV antibody (P<0.05).Morethan 80% of positive samples belonged to swamp and semi-swamp environments and other of samples related tonon-swampy areas. Among the positive serum samples more than half of the samples were with hot and humidweather. The based of distribution rate of mosquitoes in areas with many mosquitoes more than 40% of positivecases were scattered about in too. The altitude above sea level in low-lying areas close to half belongs of thepositive samples and post lowland (altitude 1,000 m). Results of this study is shown some factors such as age,history of abortion, swampy environments, heat and moisture, many distribution of mosquitoes and low-land areascan be risk factors of sero-prevalence of BTV among sheep and should be ways for control of sero-prevalence ofBTV and prevention from change to clinical form of disease. Manuscript profile
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