Evaluation of risk factors of prevalence of leptospirosis in sheep flocks
Subject Areas : Veterinary Clinical Pathologyمحسن Imandar 1 , علی Hassanpour 2 , GH.R Abdollahpour 3 , هادی Haghpanah 4
1 - Young Researchers Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4 - Ggraduate of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
Keywords: Risk Factors, MAT, Prevalence of leptospirosis, Flocks of sheep,
Abstract :
Leptospirosis is a worldwide bacterial zoonoses that its main source are wild animals and rodents That leptospirals excrete in their urine. This disease causes fever, hemoglobinuria, jaundice, abortion, mastitis, reduced milk production, reproductive disorders and death in cattle, that major complications in sheep are abortion and pyelonephritis. The purpose of this study is the evaluation of risk factors for leptospirosis disease and its association with high prevalence of infection in the sheep flocks. Accordingly, 260 serum samples were collected from 20 flocks of sheep. Then with microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using 6 live antigen Leptospira interrogans include Pomona , canicola, icterohaemorrhagiae, gryppotyphoza, ballum and hardjo was studied. MAT test results of the serum samples showed the contamination was 28.46%. Most contamination of the samples was allocated to sheep who lived in swampy areas, so that 70.28% of positive samples were included. 56.25% of positive samples among the samples showed positive reaction with serotype canicola. On the other hand, 76.56% of the positive samples belonged to animals which in their environment, rodents in very large numbers were observed. The sheep that kept in moist and wet environment to be had 60% of positive samples , and finally the highest frequency of positive animals were ranged among ages 3 to 6 years old, the incidence of the disease increased in older animals. By attention to the results, increasing of age, living in swampy and wet bed, being infectious dogs in side of flocks and also very large number of rodents in environment are of the most important causes of seroprevalense of leptospirosis.
- تاجبخش، ح. ۱۳۷۶. باکتری شناسی عمومی. چاپ چهارم، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. صفحات ۷۴5- ۷۴2.
- ذوقی، ا. ۱۳۷۲. بیماریهای قابل انتقال بین انسان و حیوان. بیماریهای باکتریایی، ریکتزیایی و ...، جلد اول، انتشارات شرکت سهامی انتشار، صفحات 607- 540.
- طـالـب خـان گـروسی، م. ، وندیوسـفی، ج.، فامیـل قدکـچی، ه. و نوروزیـان، ا. ۱۳۸۲. بررسـی سرواپیدمیولوژی لپتوسپیروز در سگهای گله اطراف مشهد، مجله دانشکده دامپزشکی تهران، دوره ۵۸، شماره ۲، صفحات: ۱۷9- ۱۷7.
- کریم، گ. و فرخنده، ع. ۱۳۶۳. شیر و بهداشت همگانی، مرکز نشر دانشگاهی تهران، صفحات ۴9- ۴8.
- Alonso-Andicoberry, C. Garcia-Pena, F. J. Pereira-Bueno, J. Costas E. and Ortega-Mora, L. M. 2001. Herd-level risk factors associated with Leptospira spp. Seroprevalence in dairy and beef cattle in Spain. Preventive veterinary medicine, 52: 109-117.
- Bettelheim, K. A., Fogg, T. R. 2002. Serological studies on leptospiral antibodies in dairy milkers in three region of South Island of New Zealand. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 9: 355-364.
- Ciceroni, L., Lombordo, D., Pinto, A., and Ciarrocchi, S. 2000. Prevalence of antibodies to leptospira serovars in sheep and goats in Alto Adige-South Tyrol. J. Vet. Med., 47: 217-223.
- Donahue, J.M, Smith, B.J., Redmon, K.J., and Donahue, J.K. 1991. Diagnosis and prevalence of leptospiral infection in aborted and stillbirth horses. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 3: 148-151
- Haji Hajikolaei, M.R., Ghorbanpour, M., and Abdollapour, G.R. 2006. Seroprevalence of leptospiral infection in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Bull. Vet. Inst. Pulawy. 50: 341- 344.
- Hassanpour, A., Fartashvand, M., Abdollahpour,G.R., Moghaddam,G., Nadalian, M., Sattari,S. 2007. Seroprevalence of leptospiral infection in dairy herds in Tabriz-Iran, J.Res. Reconstruct., 74:67-77.
- Hirsh, D. C., and Zee Y. C. 1999. Veterinary microbiology. Blackwell publishing. PP: 185-189.
- Porth, C. M. 1990. Pathophysiology concepts of altered health states. J. B. Lippincott company, PP: 149.
- Quinn, P. J., Markey, B. K., Carter, M. E., Donnelly W. J. and Leonard, F. C. 2002. Veterinary microbiology and microbial disease. Blackwell publishing. PP: 175-184, 453-455, 484.
- Radostitis, O. M., Gay, C.C., Hinchcliff, K.H., and constable, P.D. 2007. saunders Elseveir London ,PP: 971-985.
- Saglam,Y.S., Yener, Z., Temur, A., and Yalcin, E. 2008. Immunohistochemical detection of leptospiral antigens in cases of naturally occurring abortion in sheep. Small Ruminant Research. 74,119-122.