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Open Access Article

1 - Effect of Terminal Drought Stress on Seed Yield and Its Components of Rapeseed Cultivars
Peyman Davami Mojtaba Alavi Fazel Davood Habibi Afshin Mozaffari

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Open Access Article

2 - Top-dressing of Potassium Fertilizers on Safflower
Neginsadat Amir Khalili Alidad Amiri Behzadi Esmaeil Babakhanzadeh Sajirani

To determine the effects of potassium foliar application (with two levels, use and non-use) from potassium sulphate source and top-dressing application of potassium fertilizer (with two levels, use and non-use) from potassium chloride source on number of seeds per capit More

To determine the effects of potassium foliar application (with two levels, use and non-use) from potassium sulphate source and top-dressing application of potassium fertilizer (with two levels, use and non-use) from potassium chloride source on number of seeds per capitulum, number of side branch per plant, seed yield, seed oil content, oil yield, seed to coat ratio, plant height and shoot dry weight in three safflower, genotypes including KW.2, Padideh and Goldasht a factorial experiment based on the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications, was conducted during 2013 growing season at the Agricultural Research Center of Semnan province (Shahroud). Results showed that the highest average of number of seeds per capitulum (28.70), number of side branch per plant (17.83) and seed to coat ratio (1.47) were found in KW.2 genotype. The highest seed yield (2627.7 kg/ha) and oil yield (1350.5 kg/ha) were found from potassium sulphate foliar application in Padideh and KW.2 genotypes respectively. The interaction effect of genotype × potassium foliar application was significant for seed and oil yields. In conclusion, it was determined that potassium sulphate foliar application has better impacts on seed and oil yield of safflower genotypes than potassium top-dressing application. Manuscript profile

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3 - Evaluation drought tolerance of sunflower inbred lines and synthetic cultivars at temperate climate of Kermanshah
SEYED MEHDI SAFAVI

At this study, the effect of drought stress on some agro-physiological characteristics of 15 sunflower genotypes including three check cultivars, eight inbred lines and four synthetic cultivars was evaluated using Randomized Complete Blocks Design (RCBD) with three repl More

At this study, the effect of drought stress on some agro-physiological characteristics of 15 sunflower genotypes including three check cultivars, eight inbred lines and four synthetic cultivars was evaluated using Randomized Complete Blocks Design (RCBD) with three replicates under non-stress and drought stress conditions at Dryland Agricultural Research Sub-Institute (Sararood Station), AREEO, Kermanshah, Iran during 2013-2014 cropping year. The mean kernel yield of genotypes was 715 and 597 kg/ha under non-stress and stress conditions, respectively which shows a 19.02% reduction due to drought stress. Check cultivar “Zaria” and line “Sil-292” had the highest percentage of yield loss with more than 30%. Synthetic cultivars “Sil-94”, “Sil-54” and “Sil-96” had the lowest percentage of reduction with less than 5%. Kernel oil content ranged from 45.5 to 51.7% in non-stress conditions and from 35.4 to 49.9% in drought stress conditions. Drought stress caused about 10% decrease in kernel oil of the genotypes. Overall, drought stress caused early flowering, reduced agronomic and morphological traits and kernel oil content and increased relative electrolyte leakage and leaf relative water loss. Genotypes “SIL-54”, “SIL-42”, “SIL-140” and “SIL-237” were recognized as the most tolerant genotypes using ranking method and its parameters. These genotypes were identified as the best genotypes based on the biplot diagrams under the both conditions. Manuscript profile

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4 - Effect of mycorrhizal fungi and foliar application of putrescine on some biochemical characteristics and biomass of basil (Ocimum ciliatum L.) in two different harvesting times
Sara Farsari Mohammad Moghaddam

In order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal fungi and foliar application of putrescine on some biochemical characteristics, essential oil content, and biomass of basil (Ocimumciliatum L.), a split plot in time experiment with three replications was performed based More

In order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal fungi and foliar application of putrescine on some biochemical characteristics, essential oil content, and biomass of basil (Ocimumciliatum L.), a split plot in time experiment with three replications was performed based on a completely randomized design. Treatments included three levels of mycorrhizal fungi (control, Glomusmossea, and Glomusintraradicese) and three levels of putrescine (0, 1, and 2 mM) as main factors and two harvesting times as sub-factor. Results indicated that application of mycorrhizal fungi and putrescine influenced  the biochemical traits, fresh and dry biomass of aerial parts, and essential oil content of the plants. The highest amount of chlorophyll a and essential oil content were observed at G. mossea and 2 mM putrescine application in the first harvesting time. The highest amounts of chlorophyll b and carotenoid were obtained at G. intraradicese and 2 mM putrescine application in the first harvesting time. But with increasing the day time length and temperature, the amount of photosynthetic pigments in the second harvesting time decreased. The highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic content were observed in the treatment of G.intraradicese without putrescine spraying in the second harvesting time. The highest fresh and dry biomass of aerial parts were observed by applying G. mossea; but, no significant difference was observed between the two concentrations of  putrescine and only a significant increase was recorded in comparison with no putrescine treatment. Generally, applying both types of mycorrhizal fungi as biofertilizers with foliar application of 2mM putrescine could significantly improve the traits in this study. Manuscript profile

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5 - Effect of different nitrogen and sulfur levels on yield, yield Components and Some Quality Characteristics
Hossien Ebrahimi Abolfazl Faraji morteza samdaliri Amir Abbas Mousavi Amir Kolahi

10.30495/iper.2022.1957384.1789

In order to investigate the effect of nitrogen and sulfur on quantitative and qualitative yield of rapeseed, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Research Field of Shastklateh Forest of Gorgan in 2018. Fou More

In order to investigate the effect of nitrogen and sulfur on quantitative and qualitative yield of rapeseed, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Research Field of Shastklateh Forest of Gorgan in 2018. Four amounts of nitrogen fertilizer 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg of pure nitrogen per hectare (from urea source) as the first factor, two amounts of sulfur fertilizer to zero (control) and 200 kg / ha as the second factor and two spring rapeseed genotypes Hyola 50 hybrid and ARGS 003 were selected as the third factor. The results showed that biological yield, grain yield, 1000-grain weight, number of pods per square meter, number of seeds per pod, protein percentage and oil percentage were affected by cultivar, nitrogen and sulfur. Comparison of the average interactions of nitrogen and cultivar showed that biological yield (8360 kg/ha), grain yield (275.6 g/m2), 1000-grain weight (4.1 g), number of pods per square meter (5323.53), Number of seeds per pod (31.64) and grain protein (24.32%), Soluble sugar (33.35 μmol/g) and total chlorophyll (1.38 mg/g) at the level of 100 kg N/ha and Hyola 50 hybrid cultivars and the highest grain oil (41.65%) at the level of 75 kg N and hybrid cultivars Monsters 50 were observed. Also, the comparison of the mean of the interaction of sulfur and cultivar showed that the highest number of latere better ability to absorb and transfer nitrogen and sulfur and therefore produce more yield. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Evaluation of morpho-physiological responses of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf to the application of chemical and biological fertilizers under salinity stress in Fars and Tehran climates
mostafa salehi fatemeh nakhaei seyyed gholamreza mosavi reza bradaran

10.30495/ejmp.2023.702345

Plant nutrition from different sources of fertilizers is one of the most critical factors for crop improvement under stress conditions. The purpose of this research was to study the morpho-physiological responses of the lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) medic More

Plant nutrition from different sources of fertilizers is one of the most critical factors for crop improvement under stress conditions. The purpose of this research was to study the morpho-physiological responses of the lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) medicinal plant to the application of different fertilizer sources (control, NPK, nitroxin, mycorrhizal fungi, and biosulfur) under irrigation water salinity stress (0, 100, and 200 mM) in two climates (Fars and Tehran), implemented as a factorial split-plot based on a randomized complete block design in three replications during 2020-2021. Growth and yield attributes and also physiological traits such as photosynthetic pigments, proline content, and qualitative characteristics (essential oil percentage and yield) were measured. Results showed that high salinity concentration (200 mM) negatively affected growth and yield parameters (root dry weight and volume, plant height, number of leaves, and plant yield). The highest plant yield was obtained at 0 and 100 mM salinity with an average of 4183.1 and 4191.9 kg.ha-1, respectively in Fars. Among the fertilizer treatments, there was no difference in terms of plant yield, and all of them led to an increase in yield compared to the control treatment. Using nitroxin biofertilizer under non-stress conditions in Fars region led to the highest total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a, which showed an increase by 51.3% and 47.0%, respectively, compared to the control. Salinity stress (200 mM) and the use of biosulfur in Tehran climate led to an increase in proline content. The use of NPK fertilizer and mycorrhizal fungi under severe salinity stress in Fars led to increases by 2.3 and 2.4 times in essential oil percentage. The lowest average essential oil was also observed in the application of biological and chemical fertilizers in Tehran. The highest essential oil yield was obtained in the application of mycorrhizal fungi under moderate salinity stress in Fars, which was 2.7 times higher compared to the control. All fertilizer treatments at 200 mM level in Fars also had the highest essential oil yield. In general, the lemongrass plant had a good tolerance against the salinity stress of irrigation water and the use of NPK, nitroxin, and mycorrhiza fertilizers while increasing the quantitative and qualitative yield led to the adjustment of the adverse effects caused by the salinity stress. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characters of essential oil in Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.)
Mehrab Yadegari

Organic manuares have important effectiveness on quantity and quality of medicinal plants and this plants have important role in food industries, then this research was done to evaluate the effects of organic and chemical fertilizers on essential oil content and composi More

Organic manuares have important effectiveness on quantity and quality of medicinal plants and this plants have important role in food industries, then this research was done to evaluate the effects of organic and chemical fertilizers on essential oil content and composition of Thyme. This research was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications in Research Farm of Islamic Azad University Branch of Shahrekord at 2020 and 2021. Treatments were: control (no fertilizer), cow manure, sheep manure, hen manure, horse manure, vermi-compost and complete chemical fertilizers. Each of animal manuares and vermi-compost in 20 t.ha-1 in planting time and complete chemical fertilizer in 1.5 g.l-1 concentration after V10 stage in two step by 3 weeks interval, were used. Shoot of plant samples beginning of flowering stage in end of vegetative stage (252-270 leaf) prepared from treatments separately in the end of august. For measurement of the content and yield of the volatile oil, 1000g of the fresh shoots harvested and mixed with water and placed in a flask connected to the condenser of a Clevenger apparatus and the GC analysis was done to detect the essential oil composition. The most weight of dry matter (352±17.1 g.m-2 in first year and 359.04±18.9 g.m-2 in second year) and essential oil content (0.91±0.1% in first year and 1.1±0.01% in second year) were observed in chemical fertilizer was the same group with vermi-compost and hen manure. Four components of P-cymene, Gamma terpinen, Carvacrol and Thymyl acetate are classified as cyclic monoterpene made more than 70% of essential oil content in different treatments. 29 components in essential oil of treatments were detected. The greatest amount of major components were Carvacrol (35.2-36.8%) in chemical fertilizer and vermicompost, P-cymene (8.3-7.8%) in chemical fertilizer; Gamma terpinene (18.6-18.7%) in vermi-compost and Thymyl acetate (4.6-4.8%) in hen manure. Manuscript profile

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8 - Early Sowing Date as A Cultivation Strategy to Alleviate Drought Effects ‎On Yield Components of Different Canola Genotypes
Nadia Gharechaei Amir Hossein Shirani Rad Nasser Shahsavari

10.30495/ijpp.2021.1907285.1251

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9 - Effects of nano fertilizer and different levels of nitrogen on grain and oil yield of sesame
hamed bekhrad fateme niknam B. Mahdavi

To evaluate effects of nano fertilizer and different levels of nitrogen on sesame, a factorial experiment, arranged in randomized complete block design with 3 replications, was done in the research station of Kahnoj. Factors in this experiment included four nano fertili More

To evaluate effects of nano fertilizer and different levels of nitrogen on sesame, a factorial experiment, arranged in randomized complete block design with 3 replications, was done in the research station of Kahnoj. Factors in this experiment included four nano fertilizer (0, 1, 2 and 3 /1000) and N levels in four levels (0, 50, 100 and150 Kg N/hac). Analysis of variance showed significant effects of N and nano fertilizer on all characters. Maximum plant height, amount of capsul and biological yield was obtained in 150 Kg nitrogen and minimum level of these parameters was in 0 Kg N. In nano fertilizer yield per plant, amount of capsul and biological yield, was maximum in (3/1000) treatment, while plant height was maximum in 2/1000 treatment. N fertilizer together with nano fertilizer increased 1000 kernel weight, grain yield and biological index, in comparison with none fertilizer treatment and the highest amount of this parameters was in 100 kg N and 2/1000 nano fertilizer treatments. For the oil percent maximum average was 58.5% more than none N fertilizer treatment and maximum amount of oil between nano fertilizer was obtained in 2/1000 and the minimum was in none nano fertilizer usage. Generally, it can be said that the effects of nitrogen and nano fertilizer increased availability of nutrients, which is required by plant, and caused the best growing condition for the sesame Manuscript profile

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10 - Effect of integrate nutrition of chemical and animal manures on yield and yield components of spring safflower
M. Ghanbari M. Mirzakhani A. Hashemi

Increasing overuse of chemical fertilizers has been causes environmental pollution, degradation of soil and crops. In order to study the effect of integrated application of chemical and animal manures on yield and yield components of spring safflower, the study was carr More

Increasing overuse of chemical fertilizers has been causes environmental pollution, degradation of soil and crops. In order to study the effect of integrated application of chemical and animal manures on yield and yield components of spring safflower, the study was carried out in Fatholmobin field of Kashan in 2014. A factorial arrangement of treatment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Chemical fertilizer treatment (Control, 50 kg ha-1 of nitrogen + 25 kg ha-1 of P2O5, 100 kg ha-1 of nitrogen + 50 kg ha-1 of P2O5, 150 kg ha-1 of nitrogen + 75 kg ha-1 of P2O5) and animal manure treatment (Control, 20 ton ha-1, 40 ton ha-1), were assigned in plots. Stem height, number of branches, number of bolls per plant, grains per boll, boll harvest index, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, protein content, phosphorus absorption, nitrogen agronomy efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were determined. Results indicated that the interaction effects between chemical fertilizer and animal manure on 1000 grain weight, grain yield, protein content, phosphorus absorption, nitrogen agronomy efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were significant. The highest and lowest of grain yield 1031 and 268 kg ha-1 were obtained in 150 kg ha-1 of nitrogen + 75 kg ha-1 of P2O5 + 20 t ha-1 of animal manure and without application of the chemical and animal manure, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Evaluation of Some Physiological Traits and Oil Yield in Different Safflower Genotypes under Irrigation Interruption
Sayed Mohammad Taghi Tabib Loghmani forood Bazrafshan omid alizadeh Bahram Amiri , Abdollah Bahrani

In order to evaluate the safflower genotypes in response to drought stress, a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Sarvestan region during 2016 and 2017 growing season. The main plot consisted of two levels More

In order to evaluate the safflower genotypes in response to drought stress, a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Sarvestan region during 2016 and 2017 growing season. The main plot consisted of two levels of normal irrigation and irrigation interruption from the emergence of the first pods and sub plots including fifteen safflower genotypes. Evaluated indices were included grain yield, relative water content of leaves (RWC), oil content, oil yield and drought tolerance indices. Combined analysis results indicated that water deficit stress had adverse effect on all above indices. Effect of genotypes, also was significant on evaluated indices. Results of combination analysis showed that in two irrigation conditions, Dincer and PI-537598 cultivars had the highest grain yield, RWC and oil yield. Based on GMP and STI drought tolerance indices, Dincer cultivar had the highest GMP and STI, and based on the percentage reduction of grain yield, PI-537636-s genotype (57%) had the least decrease, therefore according to these indices could be considered as the most resistant cultivars. Manuscript profile

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12 - Effects of different urea and vermicompost rates on yield and essential oil contents of two dill (Anethum graveolens L.) cultivars
nastooh safikhani zohrab adavi cyrus mansourifar

Using organic fertilizers to replace or considerably reduce the use of chemical fertilizers leads to an increase in the quality and performance of the sustainable production of crops. A field experiment based on randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with three replic More

Using organic fertilizers to replace or considerably reduce the use of chemical fertilizers leads to an increase in the quality and performance of the sustainable production of crops. A field experiment based on randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with three replications was carried out to compare application of vermicompost, urea and their combinations in Agricultural Education and Medicinal Plant Research Center of Isfahan province during 2016. Five levels of fertilizers: control, 100% vermicompost (3429 kg ha-1), 66.6% vermicompost + 33.3% urea (86.86 kg ha-1 urea + 2283.71 kg ha-1 vermicompost), 66.6% urea + 33.3% vermicompost (173.73 kg ha-1 urea + 1141.85 kg ha-1 vermicompost) and 100% urea (260.86 kg ha-1) were used in two cultivars of dill (Varamin and Isfahani). The results indicated that 66.6% and 33.3% urea vermicompost increased the number of umbel (13.6 %), 1000-seed weight (19.3 %), plant dry weight (21.9 %), grain yield (33.4 %), harvest index (18.5%) and essential oil yield (27.5%) compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, the highest percentages of essential oil percentage (0.80%), d-Carvone (91.49%) and linalool (2.61%) were obtained related to 100% vermicompost. Therefore, using integrated chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer application without significant decline in yield quantity and quality, could be decreased consume chemical fertilizer and its impacts on environment. Manuscript profile

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